Medical and dental technicians

Exposure score: 100 out of 100 (93–100 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.

The rating behind it: Sending diagnostic reports to the right doctor is routine electronic routing that software handles reliably.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 4/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 4/4.

Exposure score: 88 out of 100 (84–92 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.

The rating behind it: Recording patient details, history and results is structured screen work that software captures accurately.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 4/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 4/4.

Exposure score: 88 out of 100 (84–92 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.

The rating behind it: Checking and correcting patient records is screen work software does accurately, with the clinician answerable for the content.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 4/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 4/4.

Exposure score: 88 out of 100 (84–92 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.

The rating behind it: Keeping records accurate is structured screen work that software handles reliably.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 4/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 4/4.

Exposure score: 88 out of 100 (84–92 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.

The rating behind it: Compliance paperwork and record-keeping follow set formats and are the kind of forms software completes reliably.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 4/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 4/4.

Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (71–79 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.

The rating behind it: Ordering equipment is purchasing paperwork that software handles well from the department's usual list.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 69 out of 100 (65–73 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.

The rating behind it: Passing monitoring results to a doctor is routine reporting that software handles, and the doctor's assessment happens separately.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 4/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 69 out of 100 (62–76 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; someone qualified has to answer for it.

The rating behind it: Writing up diagnostic findings into a structured report is drafting work software does well, with a qualified professional confirming it.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 4/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 66 out of 100 (62–70 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.

The rating behind it: Keeping patient records, recalls and data governance in order is exactly what practice software and AI do well.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 66 out of 100 (59–73 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.

The rating behind it: Scheduling community oral health sessions is planning work software organises well.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 56 out of 100 (49–63 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; someone qualified has to answer for it.

The rating behind it: Reading test results against known patterns is something software does well, though a qualified professional normally signs off the clinical meaning.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 56 out of 100 (49–63 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.

The rating behind it: Matching a person's needs to the right professional is documented routing work, though it is usually done in conversation.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 56 out of 100 (49–63 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.

The rating behind it: Digital smile design is done in software already, with the technician and dentist agreeing the final look.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 56 out of 100 (49–63 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.

The rating behind it: Pulling together information from colleagues and records is straightforward gathering work that software does well.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 51 out of 100 (44–58 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; the value is that a specific person does it.

The rating behind it: Preventive dental advice is well documented and easy to draft, though patients tend to act on it when a person explains it.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 4/4.

Exposure score: 51 out of 100 (44–58 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; the value is that a specific person does it.

The rating behind it: Oral health advice is well documented and easy to draft, though it is usually given in the surgery by a registered dental professional.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 4/4.

Exposure score: 49 out of 100 (42–56 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.

The rating behind it: Confidentiality rules and record standards are written down and easy to apply, though keeping the room itself safe needs someone there.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 49 out of 100 (42–56 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.

The rating behind it: Writing up observations is note-taking that software already drafts well from what the carer reports.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 48 out of 100 (41–55 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; someone qualified has to answer for it.

The rating behind it: Reviewing care plans against agreed standards is document work software does well, though a qualified professional normally confirms the outcome.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 46 out of 100 (39–53 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; the value is that a specific person does it.

The rating behind it: Taking medical and dental histories follows a documented structure that software handles well, though patients often prefer talking to a person.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 46 out of 100 (39–53 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; the value is that a specific person does it.

The rating behind it: Clear written instructions are easy to produce, but carers usually need someone to talk them through the plan and reassure them.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 43 out of 100 (36–50 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.

The rating behind it: Knowledge of dental disease and team roles is well documented, so software explains it accurately.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 42 out of 100 (35–49 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; someone qualified has to answer for it.

The rating behind it: Entering exposure settings is straightforward data work, but UK rules require a trained operator to set them.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 38 out of 100 (31–45 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.

The rating behind it: Dental design software already does much of this, though the technician judges what will actually fit and last.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 36 out of 100 (29–43 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; someone qualified has to answer for it.

The rating behind it: Flagging a change in a patient's fluid balance is quick reporting that systems can already trigger from the figures.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 36 out of 100 (29–43 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; someone qualified has to answer for it.

The rating behind it: Recording consent and keeping records is form work software handles, though a trained person must take the consent.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 35 out of 100 (28–42 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over.

The rating behind it: Software can suggest and summarise learning, but the development being recorded is the technician's own.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 32 out of 100 (25–39 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.

The rating behind it: Planning and flagging production problems is largely paperwork, though it rests on knowing what the workshop can make.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 30 out of 100 (23–37 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; the value is that a specific person does it.

The rating behind it: Sharing knowledge with colleagues happens in conversation and depends on working relationships rather than a document.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 28 out of 100 (21–35 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; the value is that a specific person does it.

The rating behind it: Advice on hearing techniques can be drafted well, but families rely on a person they trust to work through it with them.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 3/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 26 out of 100 (19–33 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; the value is that a specific person does it.

The rating behind it: Clear explanations write themselves easily, but they land better face to face with a patient who is nervous.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 25 out of 100 (18–32 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Setting out equipment is physical, while getting the records ready for each session is straightforward screen work.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 23 out of 100 (16–30 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; someone qualified has to answer for it.

The rating behind it: The referral letter is easy to draft, but the decision to refer must be made by a registered clinician.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 3/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 23 out of 100 (16–30 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; someone qualified has to answer for it; the value is that a specific person does it.

The rating behind it: Health advice is well documented, but patients act on it when a clinician they trust gives it.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 3/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 23 out of 100 (16–30 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the value is that a specific person does it.

The rating behind it: Technical options can be researched and drafted, but the useful advice draws on hands-on experience of what fits and lasts.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 22 out of 100 (15–29 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.

The rating behind it: Charting is data entry, though the findings come from an examination a clinician carries out.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 22 out of 100 (15–29 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over.

The rating behind it: Continuing education builds the person's own skills, so software can prepare materials but cannot do the learning.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 22 out of 100 (15–29 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over.

The rating behind it: Software can summarise new techniques, but the point is the technician's own learning and registration record.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 22 out of 100 (15–29 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over.

The rating behind it: Refresher training builds the technician's own skills, so software can prepare materials but cannot do the learning for them.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 21 out of 100 (14–28 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; the value is that a specific person does it.

The rating behind it: Teaching materials can be generated, but training cardiology students depends on a person guiding them through real cases.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 3/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 21 out of 100 (14–28 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; the value is that a specific person does it.

The rating behind it: The health messages are standard, but people change habits because someone they trust encourages them.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 3/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 21 out of 100 (14–28 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; the value is that a specific person does it.

The rating behind it: The advice is standard, but people make lifestyle changes when a person they trust supports them.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 3/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 21 out of 100 (14–28 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; the value is that a specific person does it.

The rating behind it: Stop-smoking and diet advice is well documented, but sticking with it usually depends on regular human support.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 3/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 21 out of 100 (14–28 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: someone qualified has to answer for it; the value is that a specific person does it.

The rating behind it: Understanding someone's sleep, anxiety, grief and support network depends on a conversation where they feel able to be honest.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 3/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 21 out of 100 (14–28 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the value is that a specific person does it.

The rating behind it: Reading the room and adjusting how you speak to a frightened patient is judgement built in the moment.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 3/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 20 out of 100 (13–27 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; the value is that a specific person does it.

The rating behind it: Instructions are easy to produce, but teaching someone to brush properly usually needs a person alongside them.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 18 out of 100 (11–25 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.

The rating behind it: Software can flag findings from cardiac tests, but supporting a doctor through diagnosis also means being present during procedures.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 18 out of 100 (11–25 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.

The rating behind it: Monitors already flag abnormal signs automatically, but noticing how a patient looks and reacts still needs someone present.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 15 out of 100 (8–22 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; the value is that a specific person does it.

The rating behind it: Showing a patient how to use a limb or brace involves demonstrating on them and adjusting as they try.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 14 out of 100 (7–21 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Spotting and reporting a machine fault means noticing it at the machine, though the report itself is simple.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 13 out of 100 (6–20 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Watching the screens and gauges during imaging needs someone in the room while the procedure is under way.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 13 out of 100 (6–20 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: The recording is simple, but someone has to measure and observe the patient's intake and output.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 13 out of 100 (6–20 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the value is that a specific person does it.

The rating behind it: Working alongside other professionals depends on relationships built in person over time, not on a document anyone can produce.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 3/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 12 out of 100 (5–19 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the value is that a specific person does it.

The rating behind it: Keeping the patient at the centre of care shows in how staff behave with people, not in anything software produces.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 3/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 12 out of 100 (8–16 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Measuring height and weight means the patient standing on scales with someone taking the reading.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 4/4.

Exposure score: 12 out of 100 (5–19 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the value is that a specific person does it.

The rating behind it: Joint working with clinical colleagues runs on relationships and live discussion rather than on any document that could be produced.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 3/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 11 out of 100 (4–18 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.

The rating behind it: Theatre monitors already flag abnormalities automatically, but someone has to be in the room watching the patient during the procedure.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 10 out of 100 (3–17 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Testing cardiology equipment means physically handling and checking the machines, even though the results are recorded simply.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 10 out of 100 (3–17 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: someone qualified has to answer for it; the value is that a specific person does it.

The rating behind it: Rotas and reviews can be drafted, but supervising a technical team depends on a person present and trusted by them.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 3/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 10 out of 100 (3–17 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Mounting models on a jaw simulator and judging the bite is hands-on bench work.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 10 out of 100 (6–14 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Keeping workshop machinery running means servicing it by hand.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 9 out of 100 (2–16 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; the value is that a specific person does it.

The rating behind it: Brushing technique is best shown in person with a mirror, even though the advice itself is well known.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 9 out of 100 (5–13 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Servicing dental equipment is practical work done on the machines themselves.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 9 out of 100 (5–13 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Casting a model from an impression is bench work with plaster and hands.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 9 out of 100 (2–16 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Design can be done on a computer now, but the device is still built and finished by hand in the lab.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 9 out of 100 (2–16 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Checking an appliance against the specification means handling it on an articulator with measuring instruments.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 9 out of 100 (2–16 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: A mouth guard is made to a model at the bench, though the design step is increasingly digital.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 9 out of 100 (2–16 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Altering a finished device means working on the actual appliance by hand.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 9 out of 100 (2–16 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Adjusting an earmould impression is hands-on shaping, although the design step is often digital now.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 9 out of 100 (2–16 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; the value is that a specific person does it.

The rating behind it: Software can explain a device, but a client usually needs it fitted and demonstrated in front of them.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 9 out of 100 (2–16 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Checking that equipment works properly means handling the machine itself before the session starts.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 9 out of 100 (2–16 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Design and manufacture are increasingly computer-aided, but the device is still built and fitted by hand.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 9 out of 100 (2–16 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Alignment and stability checks are done by handling the device on test equipment.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 8 out of 100 (1–15 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.

The rating behind it: Software is good at spotting patterns, but examining a patient and deciding is a registered clinician's job.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 3/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 8 out of 100 (1–15 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.

The rating behind it: Crowns and bridges are designed digitally but made and finished at the bench to a dentist's prescription.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 7 out of 100 (3–11 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Recording an ECG means attaching electrodes to the patient, so someone has to be there with them.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 7 out of 100 (3–11 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Fitting a Holter or event monitor means attaching the device to the patient in person.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 7 out of 100 (0–14 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Clinical photographs have to be taken with a camera and the patient positioned in front of it.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 7 out of 100 (0–14 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it; the value is that a specific person does it.

The rating behind it: Learning to make sense of sound again depends on regular sessions with a person guiding the practice.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 3/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 7 out of 100 (3–11 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Measuring vital signs means putting equipment on the patient, which needs a person at the bedside.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 7 out of 100 (3–11 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Taking a temperature, pulse or blood pressure means touching the patient, even though recording the numbers is simple.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 6 out of 100 (2–10 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.

The rating behind it: Echocardiography depends on the operator holding the probe and finding the right views on the patient in real time.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 6 out of 100 (2–10 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.

The rating behind it: Contrast imaging of the heart needs hands on the equipment and the patient, and radiation rules limit who may operate it.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 3/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 6 out of 100 (0–13 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.

The rating behind it: Lung function testing depends on coaching the patient through the breathing manoeuvres in person, and needs a trained operator.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 6 out of 100 (0–13 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.

The rating behind it: The scores are simple to record, but someone has to look inside the patient's mouth to take them.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 6 out of 100 (2–10 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Pouring and setting plaster is a physical bench job.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 6 out of 100 (0–13 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.

The rating behind it: Facial prostheses are sculpted and colour-matched by hand, though scanning and design software now help.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 6 out of 100 (2–10 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Running lathes and milling machines is physical work in the laboratory.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 6 out of 100 (0–13 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; the value is that a specific person does it.

The rating behind it: Understanding how a patient really feels depends on being with them and earning their confidence.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 3/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 5 out of 100 (1–9 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.

The rating behind it: Operating the fluoroscope during a catheter procedure is hands-on, and radiation rules restrict who may use it.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 3/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 5 out of 100 (1–9 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.

The rating behind it: Vascular ultrasound depends on the operator holding the probe and reading the signal live at the patient's side.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 5 out of 100 (0–12 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.

The rating behind it: Gums are checked by looking and feeling, so a clinician has to be at the chair.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 3/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 5 out of 100 (1–9 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.

The rating behind it: Taking dental x-rays means positioning the patient and the machine, and UK radiation rules limit who may make the exposure.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 3/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 5 out of 100 (0–12 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.

The rating behind it: Checking lymph nodes is done by feeling under the chin, so the clinician must be present.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 3/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 5 out of 100 (1–9 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Producing castings is a physical laboratory process.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 5 out of 100 (0–12 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Pressed ceramic restorations are made through a physical laboratory process.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 5 out of 100 (1–9 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Carving wax teeth to a dentist's specification is a hand skill.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 5 out of 100 (0–12 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.

The rating behind it: The screening result is read by the machine, but a trained person must place the probe in the ear.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 3/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 5 out of 100 (0–12 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; the value is that a specific person does it.

The rating behind it: Noticing changes in how someone behaves needs a person present with them, though the reporting itself is simple.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 5 out of 100 (1–9 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Decontaminating scopes is a physical process carried out to a written standard.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 5 out of 100 (1–9 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Repairing a support device means working on the physical item.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 4 out of 100 (0–8 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.

The rating behind it: Changing settings on a temporary pacemaker is done at the bedside and only by a suitably qualified clinical professional.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 3/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 4 out of 100 (0–11 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it; the value is that a specific person does it.

The rating behind it: Treating gum disease as part of the dental team happens chairside with the patient present.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 3/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 4 out of 100 (0–11 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it; the value is that a specific person does it.

The rating behind it: Running a community clinic means being there with people and providing clinical care.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 3/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 4 out of 100 (0–11 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; the value is that a specific person does it.

The rating behind it: Teaching bench skills happens at the bench, with the trainer watching and correcting the trainee's hands.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 3/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 4 out of 100 (0–8 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; the value is that a specific person does it.

The rating behind it: Working as part of a team is about the relationships between the people in it.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 3/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 4 out of 100 (0–11 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it; the value is that a specific person does it.

The rating behind it: Making sure someone actually takes their medicine means being there with them, and medicines administration is tightly governed.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 4 out of 100 (0–11 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it; the value is that a specific person does it.

The rating behind it: Restoring function after injury involves making and fitting devices by hand and working closely with the patient over time.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 4 out of 100 (0–11 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; the value is that a specific person does it.

The rating behind it: Supporting adults with health, care or learning needs is done in person and depends on a trusted relationship.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 3/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 3 out of 100 (0–7 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.

The rating behind it: Giving a patient their medication is a physical act, and UK rules set out who may administer medicines and under whose direction.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 3/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 3 out of 100 (0–10 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.

The rating behind it: Operating clinical equipment on a patient requires a trained person present under clinical supervision.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 3/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Attaching electrodes to someone chest and limbs is physical work on a patient.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.

The rating behind it: Supporting doctors during complex heart procedures is hands-on work in the catheter laboratory.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.

The rating behind it: Assisting at a pacemaker or defibrillator implant is hands-on work in the operating theatre.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 3/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; the value is that a specific person does it.

The rating behind it: Getting a patient ready for a test or treatment is physical work done with them in the room.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.

The rating behind it: Preparing balloons and stents is precise hands-on work at the table during the procedure.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.

The rating behind it: Injecting contrast into a patient's blood vessels is a physical act, and rules restrict who may give it.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 3/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Moving and positioning patients is physical work that has to be done by someone at the bedside.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.

The rating behind it: Keeping a sterile field during surgery is entirely hands-on work in the operating theatre.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.

The rating behind it: Scaling teeth is delicate work inside a patient's mouth, done by a registered clinician.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 3/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.

The rating behind it: Removing deposits from teeth needs instruments in the patient's mouth and a registered clinician.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 3/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Sterilising dental instruments is hands-on work with the instruments and the steriliser.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.

The rating behind it: Giving an injection is a hands-on act that only a registered clinician may perform.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 3/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.

The rating behind it: Applying preventive treatments means working directly in the patient's mouth.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 3/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–7 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Preparing and cleaning a clinical room is physical work that has to be done by a person on site.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.

The rating behind it: Scaling and polishing is instrument work in the patient's mouth by a registered clinician.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 3/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.

The rating behind it: Applying fluoride or sealants is hands-on treatment in the mouth and only a registered dental professional may do it.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 3/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.

The rating behind it: Removing excess cement is careful hands-on work in the patient's mouth.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 3/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.

The rating behind it: Root surface debridement is a clinical procedure carried out with instruments by a registered clinician.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 3/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.

The rating behind it: Placing a temporary dressing means working in the patient's mouth.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 3/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.

The rating behind it: Caring for implants and the tissues around them is chairside clinical work.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 3/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.

The rating behind it: Fitting rubber dams and temporary restorations is hands-on work in the patient's mouth.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 3/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.

The rating behind it: Taking an impression means placing a tray in the patient's mouth.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 3/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.

The rating behind it: Taking dental impressions is hands-on work in the patient's mouth.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Developing film with chemicals and equipment is hands-on darkroom work.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Mixing and handling materials in someone's home is physical work done on the spot.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Brushing porcelain paste onto a framework is a hand skill at the bench.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.

The rating behind it: Placing composite fillings is clinical work in the patient's mouth.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 3/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Melting and casting metal is hot, hands-on bench work.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Making bite blocks and impression trays is hands-on preparation work.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Waxing up a prosthesis with a spatula is a hand skill.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Preparing metal surfaces with small hand tools is bench work.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Shaping and soldering wire frames is a hand skill with a soldering iron.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Loading work into a kiln is manual handling in the laboratory.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Shaping materials with hand and machine tools is manual work at the bench.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Rebuilding a damaged denture is physical repair work.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Filling chips with acrylic is a small hands-on repair job.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Repairing a hearing aid means working on the device with tools.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; the value is that a specific person does it.

The rating behind it: Helping someone bathe, shower or dress is physical care that has to be given by a person.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 3/4 · how much data exists 1/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it; the value is that a specific person does it.

The rating behind it: Nursing care means being with patients and doing things for them.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 3/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; the value is that a specific person does it.

The rating behind it: Helping someone eat is physical care given at the bedside.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 3/4 · how much data exists 1/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.

The rating behind it: Helping someone out of bed needs a pair of hands at the bedside.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; the value is that a specific person does it.

The rating behind it: Answering a call bell means going to the patient and dealing with what they need.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; the value is that a specific person does it.

The rating behind it: Helping a patient use the toilet is physical care given by a person.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 3/4 · how much data exists 1/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.

The rating behind it: Taking blood, urine or sputum samples is hands-on work with the patient.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; the value is that a specific person does it.

The rating behind it: Feeding a patient safely is hands-on care given at the bedside.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; the value is that a specific person does it.

The rating behind it: Washing and dressing a patient is personal care given by hand.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it; the value is that a specific person does it.

The rating behind it: Giving an enema is an intimate physical procedure carried out under clinical direction.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 3/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.

The rating behind it: Taking blood, swabs or other samples from a patient is hands-on work at the bedside.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.

The rating behind it: Carrying out treatments or procedures on a patient is physical, and clinical rules set out who may perform them.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 3/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.

The rating behind it: Helping to give specialist treatments is physical work with the patient and must happen under proper clinical supervision.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 3/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Cleaning patient rooms and equipment areas is physical work.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it; the value is that a specific person does it.

The rating behind it: Visiting a patient at home means travelling to them, which cannot be done from a screen.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 3/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it; the value is that a specific person does it.

The rating behind it: Catheterisation is an invasive procedure performed by a trained clinician at the bedside.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 3/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Positioning a patient for surgery is physical work at the operating table.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.

The rating behind it: Applying a support bandage is hands-on care given under a nurse's or doctor's direction.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 3/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Setting up a procedure room is physical preparation on site.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Serving food trays is physical work done on the ward.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.

The rating behind it: Assisting at an endoscopy means being in the room handling equipment with the doctor.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 3/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Replenishing glasses, linen and bathroom items is physical work done around the ward.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Restocking trays and dressing packs is physical stock handling.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it; the value is that a specific person does it.

The rating behind it: Fitting or adjusting a prosthesis or brace is done by hand on the patient.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Applying mixtures to a device is hands-on workshop work.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it; the value is that a specific person does it.

The rating behind it: Fitting and testing a device on a patient is hands-on work that has to happen in the room.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Finishing a custom device is a hand skill at the bench.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Taking a cast of a patient's limb or torso is hands-on work with the patient present.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Drilling and tapping parts is manual workshop work.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Measuring a patient’s body or limb requires being with the patient and handling the tape.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Covering and padding devices is manual workshop work.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Polishing a limb or brace on a grinding wheel is physical workshop work.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Servicing and repairing fabrication machinery is hands-on workshop work.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Measuring and laying out workpieces with precision instruments is hands-on bench work.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.

Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.

The rating behind it: Folding and draping material by hand is manual preparation work.

The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.