Will AI replace Road construction operatives?

Not as a job, but it is already doing parts of the work. Across the 43 official task statements scored for Road construction operatives (United Kingdom, SOC 8152), 0% of the importance-weighted core work is made of tasks today's AI could already do most of. The overall exposure score is 2 out of 100 (range 2–7, band: minimal). That is a statement about tasks, not about headcount: this measures what AI could do, not whether any employer adopts it, whether the law allows it, or whether doing the routine parts faster creates more demand for the human parts. Figures are from release 2026-q4.1.

Which tasks in “Road construction operatives” can AI already do?

The highest-scoring tasks in release 2026-q4.1 are: “Control message traffic to ensure efficient flow” (42/100, partial); “Read, interpret, and work to drawings, specifications, and highways information” (38/100, low); “Plan, undertake, and inspect work safely, efficiently, and productively” (11/100, minimal). Each score comes from five published 0–4 ratings turned into a number by a published formula, and each carries the model's one-sentence reason on the page.

Which tasks in “Road construction operatives” stay human?

About 98% of this job's task weight sits in work that scores low for AI exposure. The lowest-scoring tasks in release 2026-q4.1 are: “Supply base materials, edge restraints, bedding sand, and jointing sand” (0/100, minimal); “Signal low spots for workers to add material” (0/100, minimal); “Push and move levers to guide machine along forms or guidelines and control operation of attachments” (0/100, minimal). Low scores usually mean the task needs a body in a room, a legally accountable human, or trust built in real time. Those are the three things the scoring rubric treats as gates rather than obstacles.

What should someone working in “Road construction operatives” do about AI?

Start from the ledger rather than the headline: 0% of this job's weighted core work is exposed, and roughly 98% is not. The practical move is to spend more of your week on the tasks that score low, the ones above, and to get fluent at directing AI through the tasks that score high, because those are the parts that change whether or not you are ready for them. This page does not predict your job, and nothing here is career advice tailored to you: the score describes the occupation, not the person.

How is the AI exposure score for Road construction operatives calculated?

Each official task statement for the occupation is rated on five published 0–4 dimensions (output replicability, physical embodiment, licensed accountability, real-time human trust, and data availability) by claude-opus-5 using scoring prompt task_scoring_v1.0. The model never writes the score; a published formula turns the five ratings into a 0–100 number, so every score can be recomputed by hand. The occupation figure is the importance-weighted mean across 43 scored tasks. The prompt, the rubric, the formula and the full dataset are published at https://futureproof.collab365.com/method and https://futureproof.collab365.com/data/2026-q4.1 under CC BY 4.0.

UK dataswitch to US

Road construction operatives

applying road markings for traffic management, setting up forms and laying out guidelines and assisting in unloading materials. If that's your week, this page is about your job.

The honest answer

AI changes the edges of this job, not the middle: applying road markings for traffic management is work software can't reach.

Your move: what you can actually do about this ↓

Where the work sits, by task weight

shifting to AI: 0%
changing shape: 2%
staying human: 98%

These bars are tasks changing hands, not people being counted out. The ledger below shows which.

Whole-job exposure score 2 out of 100 (2–7 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, across 43 scored tasks. The number is the support for the sentence above it, not a headline about anyone’s future.

How we know this

What is measured: Every published task statement for road construction operatives is rated on five dimensions: can a model produce the output, does the work need a body in a room, does it need a legally accountable person, does it depend on a person being trusted in the moment, and how much data exists. A published formula turns those five ratings into the score; the model never writes the number.

How the bar is built: Each task’s share of the bar is its published importance weight, so a task you do all day counts for more than one you do twice a year.

Release: 2026-q4.1, scores computed 2026-08-05. Read the full method.

What shifts is controlling message traffic to ensure efficient flow. This page scores what today's tools actually do, not headlines.

Your week, as this page understands it

Road construction operatives construct, repair and maintain roads and lay paving slabs and kerbstones to form pavements and street gutters. The job title says “road construction operatives”. The real job is the part underneath: applying road markings for traffic management. That is the thing someone has to be right about.

The exposed part of this job is specific, and we won’t pretend it is coming back. But road construction operatives is not one task. It is 43 scored ones, and they are nowhere near equally exposed. The most durable of them, on this evidence, is applying road markings for traffic management, and the ledger below shows exactly why.

Where the work sits, by task weight

shifting to AI: 0%
changing shape: 2%
staying human: 98%

These bars are tasks changing hands, not people being counted out. The ledger below shows which.

How we know this

How the bar is built: Each task’s share of the bar is its published importance weight, so a task you do all day counts for more than one you do twice a year.

Release: 2026-q4.1, scores computed 2026-08-05. Read the full method.

Your job, task by task

These are the official task statements for this occupation, in plain English, sorted by what the evidence says is happening to each one. The official wording sits under every line so you can check the rewrite against it.

26 of this occupation's scored task statements carry a score that was measured under a different occupation's context, because the statement is shared between jobs and has only been scored once so far. Each one names the occupation it was measured under in the free routes below; none is presented as a measurement for this job.
Task clusters are not derived in this release, so the task-cluster field is empty and no Collab365 Space routing is attached to this occupation yet.

Shifting to AI

0 tasks

Tasks today’s tools can already do most of. This is the part we will not soften: where these rows are the bulk of your week, the week changes.

Nothing in this job’s scored task list landed in this group. That is the measurement, not an editorial choice, and it is worth knowing either way.

Changing shape

1 task

Tasks where the machine takes the producing and a person keeps the checking, the deciding, or the answering-for-it. For most jobs this is the biggest group, and it is where "transformation, not termination" is literally visible.

Controlling message traffic to ensure efficient flow
The software now makes the first pass at message traffic, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 50 · 8152/00
Source: “Control message traffic to ensure efficient flow.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 42 out of 100 (35–49 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Passing and prioritising radio messages to keep work flowing is coordination that software already handles for most routine traffic.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Staying human

42 tasks

Tasks that stay with a person, because they happen in the physical world, because the rules need someone accountable, or because the value is that a specific person does them.

Applying road markings for traffic management
This work happens in the physical world: road markings, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 90 · 8152/00
Source: “Apply road markings for traffic management.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Paint has to be laid onto the actual road surface, so this needs a person and a machine out on site.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Laying and compacting road surfaces using all forms of asphalt and ancillary products
This work happens in the physical world: road surfaces, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 90 · 8152/00
Source: “Lay and compact road surfaces using all forms of asphalt and ancillary products, such as bond coat and bituminous jointing compounds, in accordance with relevant specifications and industry best practice.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Laying and rolling hot asphalt to specification is done with plant on the carriageway, which software cannot do.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Laying pavements, kerbs and drains
This work happens in the physical world: pavements, kerbs and drains, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 90 · 8152/00
Source: “Lay pavements, kerbs and drains.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Laying kerbs, paving and drains is heavy hands-on work carried out at the roadside.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Resurfacing roads
This work happens in the physical world: roads, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 90 · 8152/00
Source: “Resurface roads.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Resurfacing is heavy work on the road itself, and none of it can be handed to a computer.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Applying appropriate health, safety and environmental procedures when working on the road
This work happens in the physical world: appropriate health, safety and environmental procedures, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 80 · 8152/00
Source: “Apply appropriate health, safety and environmental procedures when working on the road.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 10 out of 100 (6–14 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Applying safety and environmental procedures on a live road is done through how you physically work there.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 4/4.
Carrying out the excavation, planing) and reinstatement of the highway, install street ironworks
This work happens in the physical world: the excavation, planing) and reinstatement of the highway, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 80 · 8152/00
Source: “Carry out the excavation (planing) and reinstatement of the highway, install street ironworks.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Digging and reinstating road surfaces is heavy physical work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Driving heavy machinery with attachments to maintain paved surfaces and remove snow or ice
This work happens in the physical world: heavy machinery, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 80 · 8152/00
Source: “Drive heavy machinery with attachments to maintain paved surfaces and remove snow or ice.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Driving heavy machinery means sitting in the cab.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Driving machines to working sites to carry out construction activities
This work happens in the physical world: machines, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 80 · 8152/00
Source: “Drive machines to working sites to carry out construction activities.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Driving machines to site is physical work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Installing street ironworks, drain access covers and frames and gully gates)
This work happens in the physical world: street ironworks, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 80 · 8152/00
Source: “Install street ironworks (drain access covers and frames, and gully gates) as instructed.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Fitting drain covers and gully gates into the road is physical installation.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.

Show the other 33 tasks

Reading, interpreting and work to drawings, specifications and highways information
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: work, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 8152/00
Source: “Read, interpret, and work to drawings, specifications, and highways information.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 38 out of 100 (31–45 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Drawings and specifications can be read and explained by software, but working to them happens on site.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Planning, undertaking and inspecting work safely, efficiently and productively
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: work safely, efficiently, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 8152/00
Source: “Plan, undertake, and inspect work safely, efficiently, and productively.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 11 out of 100 (4–18 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Software can draft the method statement and checklists, but doing the work and checking it still needs someone on site.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Setting up forms and laying out guidelines
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: forms, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 8152/00
Source: “Set up forms and lay out guidelines for kerbs, according to written specifications, using string, spray paint, and concrete or water mixes.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 8 out of 100 (1–15 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: The measurements come from written specifications, but setting out kerbs means marking the ground itself.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Monitoring flow of materials to detect machine malfunctions
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: flow of materials, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 50 · 8152/00
Source: “Monitor flow of materials to detect machine malfunctions such as jamming or spillage.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 8 out of 100 (4–12 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Spotting jams and spills as materials move needs someone watching the line.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Troubleshooting or repairing equipment to correct malfunctions
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: equipment, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 50 · 8152/00
Source: “Troubleshoot or repair equipment to correct malfunctions as needed.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 8 out of 100 (1–15 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Software can suggest what is wrong, but the repair needs someone with tools at the machine.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Operating machines to spread stone
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: machines, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 80 · 8152/00
Source: “Operate machines to spread stone, concrete, or asphalt on road surfaces.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Spreading material means operating a machine on site.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Planning and carrying out repairs
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: repairs, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 80 · 8152/00
Source: “Plan and carry out repairs to potholes, pavements, and kerbs on rural and urban roads.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Repairing potholes and kerbs is physical work with materials and tools.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Preparing, setting up and work within temporary traffic management on rural and urban roads
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: and work within temporary traffic management, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 80 · 8152/00
Source: “Prepare, set up, and work within temporary traffic management on rural and urban roads.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.
The rating behind it: Putting out cones, signs and barriers and working inside them is physical work on the carriageway.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Repairing damaged surfaces on rural and urban roads using hand and power tools
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: damaged surfaces, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 80 · 8152/00
Source: “Repair damaged surfaces on rural and urban roads using hand and power tools.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Resurfacing repairs are done by hand with power tools.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Shovel tarmac for road construction and repair
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: tarmac, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 80 · 8152/00
Source: “Shovel tarmac for road construction and repair.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Shovelling tarmac is physical work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Assisting in unloading materials
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: unloading materials, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 8152/00
Source: “Assist in unloading materials.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Unloading materials is lifting and carrying, which software cannot do.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Directing traffic flow
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: traffic flow, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 8152/00
Source: “Direct traffic flow.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Directing traffic requires a person in the road.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Driving lorries to transport machines and materials to job sites
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: lorries, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 8152/00
Source: “Drive lorries to transport machines and materials to job sites.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Driving machines and materials to site is physical work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Identifying, locating and excavate around underground services to avoid strikes and loss of service
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: excavate around underground services, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 8152/00
Source: “Identify, locate, and excavate around underground services to avoid strikes and loss of service.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Locating and digging around buried services is careful physical work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Installing traffic lights and street lights
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: traffic lights, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 8152/00
Source: “Install traffic lights and street lights.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.
The rating behind it: Installing traffic lights and street lighting is physical work with columns, cabling and equipment.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Maintaining a constant flow of asphalt or other material into hoppers or screeds
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: a constant flow of asphalt, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 8152/00
Source: “Maintain a constant flow of asphalt or other material into hoppers or screeds.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Keeping material flowing into the hopper means working on the machine.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Operating lorries with snowploughs to maintain roads in winter
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: lorries, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 8152/00
Source: “Operate lorries with snowploughs to maintain roads in winter.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.
The rating behind it: Driving a snowplough lorry along a road is physical work at the wheel in poor conditions.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Operating power tools to construct and repair roads
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: power tools, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 8152/00
Source: “Operate power tools to construct and repair roads.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Cutting and breaking road surfaces means holding the tools yourself.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Preparing and operating large specialist resurfacing plant and machinery
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: large specialist resurfacing plant, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 8152/00
Source: “Prepare and operate large specialist resurfacing plant and machinery, such as planers, to remove the existing surface, floating screed pavers laying asphalt, rollers, chippers, loading shovels, and large hydraulic breakers.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Planers, pavers and rollers have to be set up and driven by someone sitting on them.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Removing unstable or unsuitable materials to prepare base for installation
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: unstable, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 8152/00
Source: “Remove unstable or unsuitable materials to prepare base for installation.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Digging out poor ground to reach a solid base is entirely muscle and machine work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Setting up barricades and temporary signs for traffic management
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: barricades, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 8152/00
Source: “Set up barricades and temporary signs for traffic management.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Cones, barriers and signs have to be physically carried and placed on a live road.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Excavating trenches for underground wires or cables
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: trenches, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 8152/00
Source: “Excavate trenches for underground wires or cables.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Digging cable trenches is physical ground work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Gritting roads in winter
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: roads, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 8152/00
Source: “Grit roads in winter.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Gritting means driving a spreader over real roads in bad weather.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Lighting burners or starting heating units of machines
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: burners, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 8152/00
Source: “Light burners or start heating units of machines, and regulate screed temperatures and asphalt flow rates.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Lighting burners and setting temperatures means working the machine.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Manuallying roll surfaces to compact earth fills
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: roll surfaces, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 8152/00
Source: “Manually roll surfaces to compact earth fills, foundation forms, and finished road materials.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Rolling and compacting surfaces by hand is physical work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Setting up construction equipment for use to ensure project efficiency
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: construction equipment, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 8152/00
Source: “Set up construction equipment for use to ensure project efficiency.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Rigging and positioning plant for the day is done with hands on the machine.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Starting machinery by engaging controls to perform construction tasks
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: machinery, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 8152/00
Source: “Start machinery by engaging controls to perform construction tasks.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Starting machinery means being at the controls.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Grading or leveling trench bases
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: trench bases, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 50 · 8152/00
Source: “Grade or level trench bases, using tamping machines or hand tools.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Leveling a trench base means being in the trench with a tamper, which software cannot do.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Inspecting and maintaining equipment, machinery and structures
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: equipment, machinery and structures, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 50 · 8152/00
Source: “Inspect and maintain equipment, machinery, and structures.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Inspecting and maintaining machinery means being at it with tools.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Operating machinery used in the production process
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: machinery, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 50 · 8152/00
Source: “Operate machinery used in the production process.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Running the machine means someone at the controls on site.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Pushing and moving levers to guide machine along forms or guidelines and control operation of attachments
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: levers, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 50 · 8152/00
Source: “Push and move levers to guide machine along forms or guidelines and control operation of attachments.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Guiding a machine with its levers means operating it directly.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Signaling low spots for workers to add material
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: low spots, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 50 · 8152/00
Source: “Signal low spots for workers to add material.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Signalling low spots means being on site watching the surface.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Supplying base materials, edge restraints, bedding sand and jointing sand
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: base materials, edge restraints, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 50 · 8152/00
Source: “Supply base materials, edge restraints, bedding sand, and jointing sand.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–7 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Getting sub-base, restraints and sand into place is lifting and spreading real material at the work face.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

What this job pays, and how many people do it

Median pay: £38,800a year, before tax, the middle of the range, so half earn more and half earn less.ashe-t14, 2025 · ASHE 2025 provisional (reference April 2025)Provisional, because the ONS revises this figure in the autumn.
How we know this
Source: ashe-t14
Reference period: ASHE 2025 provisional (reference April 2025)
Rounding: Shown to the nearest £100. The exact published figure is in the downloadable dataset. We do not render pounds the survey cannot support.
People doing this job: 13,400in the UK, 2026.nomis-aps · Apr 2025-Mar 2026 (latest APS 12-month period)This headcount comes from a survey, not a census, so treat it as a good estimate rather than an exact count.

What is deliberately not here: a forecast of how many of these jobs exist in ten years. Where an official projection exists for a market we publish it with its vintage; where it does not, we leave the space empty rather than borrow the other country’s number.

Why this is shifting

The reason is boringly specific. Most of what is shifting here is reading one thing and writing another: message traffic in, a record out. The rows above are exactly that shape: controlling message traffic to ensure efficient flow. What it cannot do is be there in the room, and that is still where road markings get done. Which is why this page talks about your tasks changing, not your job ending.

Your move

Over a pint: what I’d tell you if you were my friend

Start with what does not change: applying road markings for traffic management is the middle of this job, and the evidence on this page says it stays with a person.

So, given all that: 0% of this job's task weight sits in rows the software is already learning, 2% in rows that change shape rather than disappear, and 98% in rows it is nowhere near. That is the position, measured across 43 scored tasks. It is not a forecast about you.

So the thing worth your attention is not the job going away. It is the layer around it. Controlling message traffic to ensure efficient flow is the part turning into software, and being the person who understands that layer is worth money.

This week: one thing

Ask the one question. Find whoever is bringing new software into your workplace (the manager, the office, whoever runs the system) and ask them what it is meant to do to message traffic, and what it is not meant to touch. Ten minutes, this week, before anyone decides it for you.

What you end up holding: a straight answer about what is actually being rolled out, and when
How long it takes: ten minutes

If there’s nobody obvious to ask, or you’d rather not ask your manager: Put the same question to your union rep, your shift lead or the person who has been there longest, in person, over a break. Same ten minutes, same answer, and you will usually get a straighter one. Write down what they say. The note is the artifact, and it tells you whether road markings are in scope or not. Nothing to log into, no licence needed.

Over the next 90 days

Get inside the tool rollout rather than waiting for it. Over the next ninety days, ask to be in the group that tests, checks or signs off whatever new system arrives near controlling message traffic to ensure efficient flow. It is usually an unglamorous seat that nobody fights for, and it is the one that decides how the software is used on your job rather than to it.

Over the next 12 months

On this evidence I would not retrain out of this job, and I will say that plainly rather than hedge it. The task list here is dominated by work that stays with a person. What I would do with a year is get formally recognised for the layer around it (the systems, the compliance, the planning), so you are the one who understands the software instead of the one it is done to. Before you pay for anything, spend an hour with National Careers Service. It is free and government-funded, and it is listed below with the rest of the free routes.

The roads out of here

You did not come here for a career change and I am not selling you one. But one road out of here is worth knowing about, so here it is with the bill attached.

Road construction operativesGroundworkers
a year or morematched on shared tasks
One of the tasks on your list is on theirs in the same words: “shovel tarmac for road construction and repair”. Take both published task lists together and about 39% of the work in that job that the software is not taking is work you are doing today.
About 39% of it you could do on Monday. But you would be doing it for slightly less money, so want it for the work.
The work the two jobs share
- You already do
  “Shovel tarmac for road construction and repair.”
  They do
  “Shovel tarmac for road construction and repair.”
- You already do
  “Operate machines to spread stone, concrete, or asphalt on road surfaces.”
  They do
  “Operate machines to spread stone, concrete, or asphalt on road surfaces.”
- You already do
  “Drive machines to working sites to carry out construction activities.”
  They do
  “Drive machines to working sites to carry out construction activities.”
What you would not already have: Nothing in your task list touches “construct roads, pathways, and other hard landscaping features”, “prepare sub-surfaces for structural work” or “ensure compliance with health, safety, and welfare regulations on construction sites, identifying…”. That is the part you would be learning from scratch, and it is roughly the 61% of their durable work you do not already hold.
The honest bill
A pay cut: £37,900 against your £38,800 (ASHE Table 14.7a, 2025 provisional (both)). I am saying the words: you would earn less. Decide that on purpose, not by accident.
- The licence gate: Default-closed. This release carries no licence-register snapshot, so I could not check whether that job is regulated, which means I have to assume it might be. Before you spend a penny, look it up on the GOV.UK register of regulated professions; the free routes below link straight to it. The route is banded a year or more because of that unknown, not in spite of it.
- The entry ticket: Typical entry-level education is published for only ten occupations in this release, and neither this job nor that one is among them. So I cannot tell you whether a qualification stands in the way. Treat that as an open question to settle before you commit, not as a green light.
- What the pay gap is telling you: £37,925 against your £38,833, 2.3% less (ASHE Table 14.7a, 2025 provisional (both)). I am saying the words: you would earn slightly less. Decide that on purpose.
- What you live on meanwhile: Nobody is going to pay you to retrain. This is evenings and weekends alongside the job you already have, for a year or more, and if that is not possible right now then this route is not open right now, which is worth knowing before you start. The free, government-funded careers service listed below will talk the funding through with you before you pay anyone.
- Is the target job itself holding up: Groundworkers scores 2/100 on this site’s own exposure measure (minimal), with 0% of its tasks in the top band. Employment projections are not published for this occupation in this release, so this is the exposure leg of the check only. It passed, which is the only reason it is here.
How long: A year or more, part-time, alongside the job you have. That band is set by the unchecked licence question and by the 61% of their work you would be learning, not by any one course.
See what AI is doing to groundworkers

3 moves I checked and rejected

These are the obvious-looking jumps. They are here with their reasons rather than quietly dropped, because the ones that fail are worth knowing about. It is one less thing to turn over at night.

Market research interviewers
Why it looked obvious: It came up as a near neighbour on the work AI is not taking: you already prepare, set up, and work within temporary traffic management on rural and urban…, and their equivalent is to install traffic management systems in urban or rural areas. Across both published task lists that is about 8% of the durable work in that job.
Why I am not recommending it: Almost none of it is work you already do: about 8% of the durable side of that job. That is a different job, not a next step. This release publishes no median pay for that job, so I cannot show you what the move costs or pays. I do not recommend a move I cannot price.
Look at that job’s page anyway →
School midday and crossing patrol occupations
Why it looked obvious: It came up as a near neighbour because one of your tasks is on their list in the same words: “direct traffic flow”. Across the whole of both lists that adds up to about 4% of the work in that job the software is not taking.
Why I am not recommending it: Almost none of it is work you already do: about 4% of the durable side of that job. That is a different job, not a next step. It is a pay cut, in those words: £21,678 against your £38,833, 44.2% less (ASHE Table 14.7a, 2025 provisional (both)). Retraining to earn less is a decision, not advice.
Look at that job’s page anyway →
Construction and building trades supervisors
Why it looked obvious: It came up as a near neighbour because one of your tasks is on their list in the same words: “apply appropriate health, safety and environmental procedures when working on the road”. Across the whole of both lists that adds up to about 4% of the work in that job the software is not taking.
Why I am not recommending it: Almost none of it is work you already do: about 4% of the durable side of that job. That is a different job, not a next step.
Look at that job’s page anyway →

What I’d stop worrying about

A friend tells you what not to spend fear on. This is that list.

The headline number you read somewhere
The big “X% of jobs” figures are about the whole economy, not about you. The number that describes your job is on this page: 0% of its task weight, across 43 scored tasks. Every row behind it is printed above with the source. Check ours; ignore theirs.
The headlines about your trade disappearing
They are usually about the technology, not the timetable. Changes to work like applying road markings for traffic management arrive through rules, insurance and money, slowly and visibly. This page tracks the task evidence and will move when it moves.
Retraining out of a job that is holding up
On this evidence I would not spend money leaving. Spend it on the layer around the job instead: the tools, the paperwork, the planning. That is where the change actually is.
The “obvious” next job everyone suggests
I checked the obvious moves and most of them did not survive. The reasons are printed with the routes above, including the pay and the gate. A move that fails on the numbers is worth knowing about so you can stop turning it over at night.

You are reading the United Kingdom figures

The United States splits this work across more than one official group, of which Helpers, Construction Trades, All Other is the closest. The pay and employment figures are not directly comparable, and we do not average them together.

Switch to the United States page →partial match

The other groups this work is counted across:

In US official statistics this job is counted as Helpers, Construction Trades, All Other, Highway Maintenance Workers and Rail-Track Laying and Maintenance Equipment Operators. Pay is shown separately for each of those groups (medians cannot be averaged together), while the task list and the scores on this page are for this group only.

Your route through this

Where to go next, and what it costs

Free, and complete

The moves above cost nothing. These are the real services that go with them: public, government-funded, and free at the point of use. Nothing on this page is behind an email address or a payment.

In England:
National Careers Service
A free hour with a government-funded careers adviser is worth more than another evening of reading. In England that's the National Careers Service.
Free, government-funded
- Discover your skills and careers (the skills assessment)
In England:
National Careers Service - Find a course
Search what's actually running near you before you spend anything.
Free to search; individual courses vary
In England:
Free courses for jobs (Level 3 qualifications)
A free Level 3 qualification you already qualify for beats a paid course you don't need.
Free for eligible adults
In England:
Skills Bootcamps
Free, up to 16 weeks, and you get a job interview at the end. In England these are Skills Bootcamps - search what's running near you.
Free for eligible adults in England
- Skills Bootcamps - what they are and who can do them (DfE, Skills for Careers)
- Skills Bootcamps - JobHelp (DWP)
In Scotland:
My World of Work (Skills Development Scotland)
In Scotland it's My World of Work, from Skills Development Scotland.
Free, publicly funded
- Skills Development Scotland
In Wales:
Careers Wales
In Wales it's Careers Wales.
Free, Welsh Government-funded
In Northern Ireland:
Careers Service Northern Ireland
In Northern Ireland it's the Careers Service on nidirect.
Free, Department for the Economy-funded

Why there is no community here

Collab365, who build this site, run paid Spaces for a small number of subjects, and none of them is built for this job. We are not going to point you at the nearest one and call it a fit.

So the free services listed on this page are the whole answer, and it is the same answer we would give a friend.

Nearby moves

The jobs above, as pages you can read the same way as this one. Your job shares its core work with these. That is what the match is, and it is all it is.

Groundworkers →About 39% of it you could do on Monday. But you would be doing it for slightly less money, so want it for the work.

Noted, and thank you. We’ll email you if a Space for road construction operatives launches. Nothing else.

That did not look like an email address, so nothing was saved. Have another go below.

We could not save that. The fault is ours, not yours, and your address was not stored. Please try again later.

No Space for road construction operatives yet. Should there be one?

Collab365 Spaces is built by the same people as this site. We find the problems that AI and automation are creating inside one kind of work, then solve them as short courses, briefings and Blueprints. Each Space is the community too, so the research and the people doing your job are in the same place.

What a Space actually is, in full

Collab365 launches new communities where the need is real. If one for road construction operatives existed, with researched problems, courses and people in the same boat, would you want in?

Your email

We use your email address for one thing: to tell you if a Space for road construction operatives launches. We never sell it, never use it for unrelated marketing, and every email has a one-click unsubscribe. Our privacy policy has the full version.

This unlocks nothing. Every figure, every row and every step on this page is already yours, whether you fill this in or not.

No deadline on any of this. The page will still be here, and the data is refreshed on a published schedule rather than when someone wants a headline.

Questions people ask about this job

Will AI replace Road construction operatives?: Not as a job, but it is already doing parts of the work. Across the 43 official task statements scored for Road construction operatives (United Kingdom, SOC 8152), 0% of the importance-weighted core work is made of tasks today's AI could already do most of. The overall exposure score is 2 out of 100 (range 2–7, band: minimal). That is a statement about tasks, not about headcount: this measures what AI could do, not whether any employer adopts it, whether the law allows it, or whether doing the routine parts faster creates more demand for the human parts. Figures are from release 2026-q4.1.
Which tasks in “Road construction operatives” can AI already do?: The highest-scoring tasks in release 2026-q4.1 are: “Control message traffic to ensure efficient flow” (42/100, partial); “Read, interpret, and work to drawings, specifications, and highways information” (38/100, low); “Plan, undertake, and inspect work safely, efficiently, and productively” (11/100, minimal). Each score comes from five published 0–4 ratings turned into a number by a published formula, and each carries the model's one-sentence reason on the page.
Which tasks in “Road construction operatives” stay human?: About 98% of this job's task weight sits in work that scores low for AI exposure. The lowest-scoring tasks in release 2026-q4.1 are: “Supply base materials, edge restraints, bedding sand, and jointing sand” (0/100, minimal); “Signal low spots for workers to add material” (0/100, minimal); “Push and move levers to guide machine along forms or guidelines and control operation of attachments” (0/100, minimal). Low scores usually mean the task needs a body in a room, a legally accountable human, or trust built in real time. Those are the three things the scoring rubric treats as gates rather than obstacles.
What should someone working in “Road construction operatives” do about AI?: Start from the ledger rather than the headline: 0% of this job's weighted core work is exposed, and roughly 98% is not. The practical move is to spend more of your week on the tasks that score low, the ones above, and to get fluent at directing AI through the tasks that score high, because those are the parts that change whether or not you are ready for them. This page does not predict your job, and nothing here is career advice tailored to you: the score describes the occupation, not the person.
How is the AI exposure score for Road construction operatives calculated?: Each official task statement for the occupation is rated on five published 0–4 dimensions (output replicability, physical embodiment, licensed accountability, real-time human trust, and data availability) by claude-opus-5 using scoring prompt task_scoring_v1.0. The model never writes the score; a published formula turns the five ratings into a 0–100 number, so every score can be recomputed by hand. The occupation figure is the importance-weighted mean across 43 scored tasks. The prompt, the rubric, the formula and the full dataset are published at https://futureproof.collab365.com/method and https://futureproof.collab365.com/data/2026-q4.1 under CC BY 4.0.

Where these numbers come from

About the data on this page

Provisional, because the ONS revises this figure in the autumn.
This headcount comes from a survey, not a census, so treat it as a good estimate rather than an exact count.
The match between this job and its counterpart in the other country is partial, so the two pages count slightly different groups of people.
26 of this occupation's scored task statements carry a score that was measured under a different occupation's context, because the statement is shared between jobs and has only been scored once so far. Each one names the occupation it was measured under in the free routes below; none is presented as a measurement for this job.
Task clusters are not derived in this release, so the task-cluster field is empty and no Collab365 Space routing is attached to this occupation yet.

Task statements: gaisi-indexProcessing: catalogue-bridge → ssc-relatedness-weighting → task-scoring → score-aggregation
Task weights: gaisi-index (relatedness)
Scores: Rubric task_scoring_v1.0, model claude-opus-5, computed 2026-08-05.
Pay and employment: ashe-t14 (ASHE 2025 provisional (reference April 2025))nomis-aps (Apr 2025-Mar 2026 (latest APS 12-month period))

Figures on this page come from release 2026-q4.1, published 2026-08-05. Every release keeps its own permanent address, so a figure you cite in March is still there, unchanged, in November.

The plain-English wording on this page is assembled directly from the task statements and the published ratings, not written by hand for this occupation. That is why it is specific, and it is also why we say so.

The routes and free resources further up are today’s, not the release’s (last reviewed 2026-08-05). A route is an offer, not a historical fact, so it moves on its own clock.

How we score a job Download this release Look up another job

Using these figures?

Cite this

Everything on this site is published under CC BY 4.0. Quote it, chart it, sell something built on it. Just say where it came from, and cite the dated release rather than the site, so the figure you quote stays checkable.

Plain text

Collab365 (2026). Collab365 Futureproof: task-level AI exposure for US and UK occupations, release 2026-q4.1 (methodVersion 2.0.0, promptVersion task_scoring_v1.0). https://futureproof.collab365.com/data/2026-q4.1. Licensed CC BY 4.0. Built with O*NET data (USDOL/ETA, CC BY 4.0); ONS data (Open Government Licence v3.0); GAISI task framework (arXiv:2507.22748, MIT); BLS data (public domain).

BibTeX

@misc{collab365futureproof2026q41,
  title        = {Collab365 Futureproof: task-level AI exposure for US and UK occupations, release 2026-q4.1},
  author       = {{Collab365}},
  year         = {2026},
  url          = {https://futureproof.collab365.com/data/2026-q4.1},
  note         = {Release 2026-q4.1, methodVersion 2.0.0, promptVersion task_scoring_v1.0, CC BY 4.0}
}

Permalink

https://futureproof.collab365.com/data/2026-q4.1

Data as of release 2026-q4.1, published 2026-08-05. Releases never change after publication; when the figures move, a new dated release is published beside this one and this one stays exactly where it is.