Will AI replace Other skilled trades n.e.c.?

Not as a job, but it is already doing parts of the work. Across the 179 official task statements scored for Other skilled trades n.e.c. (United Kingdom, SOC 5449), 7% of the importance-weighted core work is made of tasks today's AI could already do most of. The overall exposure score is 11 out of 100 (range 9–16, band: minimal). That is a statement about tasks, not about headcount: this measures what AI could do, not whether any employer adopts it, whether the law allows it, or whether doing the routine parts faster creates more demand for the human parts. Figures are from release 2026-q4.1.

Which tasks in “Other skilled trades n.e.c.” can AI already do?

The highest-scoring tasks in release 2026-q4.1 are: “Calculate costings and prepare quotes for signage” (93/100, very high); “Use computer software to create graphic designs” (83/100, very high); “Carry out research on trends in design and lifestyle, including target market characteristics” (83/100, very high). Each score comes from five published 0–4 ratings turned into a number by a published formula, and each carries the model's one-sentence reason on the page.

Which tasks in “Other skilled trades n.e.c.” stay human?

About 86% of this job's task weight sits in work that scores low for AI exposure. The lowest-scoring tasks in release 2026-q4.1 are: “Package toys for delivery” (0/100, minimal); “Attend craft fairs to market products” (0/100, minimal); “Carry out quality checks on component parts and completed assemblies” (0/100, minimal). Low scores usually mean the task needs a body in a room, a legally accountable human, or trust built in real time. Those are the three things the scoring rubric treats as gates rather than obstacles.

What should someone working in “Other skilled trades n.e.c.” do about AI?

Start from the ledger rather than the headline: 7% of this job's weighted core work is exposed, and roughly 86% is not. The practical move is to spend more of your week on the tasks that score low, the ones above, and to get fluent at directing AI through the tasks that score high, because those are the parts that change whether or not you are ready for them. This page does not predict your job, and nothing here is career advice tailored to you: the score describes the occupation, not the person.

How is the AI exposure score for Other skilled trades n.e.c. calculated?

Each official task statement for the occupation is rated on five published 0–4 dimensions (output replicability, physical embodiment, licensed accountability, real-time human trust, and data availability) by claude-opus-5 using scoring prompt task_scoring_v1.0. The model never writes the score; a published formula turns the five ratings into a 0–100 number, so every score can be recomputed by hand. The occupation figure is the importance-weighted mean across 179 scored tasks. The prompt, the rubric, the formula and the full dataset are published at https://futureproof.collab365.com/method and https://futureproof.collab365.com/data/2026-q4.1 under CC BY 4.0.

UK dataswitch to US

Other skilled trades n.e.c.

making baskets by looping, knotting, plaiting, coiling, releathering bellows and motors and removing dents and burrs from metal instruments. If that's your week, this page is about your job.

The honest answer

AI changes the edges of this job, not the middle: inspecting assembled or finished products to ensure conformance is work software can't reach.

Your move: what a other skilled trades n.e.c. can actually do about this ↓

Where the work sits, by task weight

shifting to AI: 7%
changing shape: 6%
staying human: 86%

These bars are tasks changing hands, not people being counted out. The ledger below shows which.

Whole-job exposure score 11 out of 100 (9–16 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, across 179 scored tasks. The number is the support for the sentence above it, not a headline about anyone’s future.

How we know this

What is measured: Every published task statement for other skilled trades n.e.c. is rated on five dimensions: can a model produce the output, does the work need a body in a room, does it need a legally accountable person, does it depend on a person being trusted in the moment, and how much data exists. A published formula turns those five ratings into the score; the model never writes the number.

How the bar is built: Each task’s share of the bar is its published importance weight, so a task you do all day counts for more than one you do twice a year.

Release: 2026-q4.1, scores computed 2026-08-04. Read the full method.

What shifts is using computer software to create graphic designs: the overhead at the edges, not the middle you trained for.

Your week, as this page understands it

Job holders in this unit group engrave jewellery and stoneware, make artificial hairpieces, charge fireworks and munitions with explosive material, make lampshades, wickerwork, toys, dolls, models, candles, artificial flowers, other fancy goods, make patterns for moulds for metal castings, make and tune musical instruments, craft precious metals and stones, and perform other hand craft occupations not elsewhere classified in minor group 544: Other skilled trades. The job title says “other skilled trades n.e.c.”. The real job is the part underneath: inspecting assembled or finished products to ensure conformance. That is the thing someone has to be right about.

The exposed part of this job is specific, and we won’t pretend it is coming back. But other skilled trades n.e.c. is not one task. It is 179 scored ones, and they are nowhere near equally exposed. The most durable of them, on this evidence, is inspecting assembled or finished products to ensure conformance, and the ledger below shows exactly why.

Where the work sits, by task weight

shifting to AI: 7%
changing shape: 6%
staying human: 86%

These bars are tasks changing hands, not people being counted out. The ledger below shows which.

How we know this

How the bar is built: Each task’s share of the bar is its published importance weight, so a task you do all day counts for more than one you do twice a year.

Release: 2026-q4.1, scores computed 2026-08-04. Read the full method.

Your job, task by task

These are the official task statements for this occupation, in plain English, sorted by what the evidence says is happening to each one. The official wording sits under every line so you can check the rewrite against it.

Shifting to AI

13 tasks

Tasks today’s tools can already do most of. This is the part we will not soften: where these rows are the bulk of your week, the week changes.

Using computer software to create graphic designs
This is reading one thing and writing another: computer software in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 80 · 5449/08
Source: “Use computer software to create graphic designs.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 83 out of 100 (76–90 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Design software and AI tools now produce strong artwork, with the sign maker refining it for print.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 4/4.
Designing signage using graphic design software
This is reading one thing and writing another: signage in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 80 · 5449/08
Source: “Design signage using graphic design software (Computer Aided Design).” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Sign design happens in software already, and design tools now generate and adjust layouts quickly.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Reading engineering drawings, drawings or written specifications to determine sizes and shapes of patterns
This is reading one thing and writing another: drawings, drawings or written specifications in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 70 · 5449/06
Source: “Read engineering drawings, drawings, or written specifications to determine sizes and shapes of patterns.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Pulling sizes and shapes out of engineering drawings and specifications is careful reading software does well.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Testing prototypes using computer aided design
This is reading one thing and writing another: prototypes in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 70 · 5449/06
Source: “Test prototypes using computer aided design (CAD) software.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (71–79 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Testing a prototype inside design software is screen work with well documented methods.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Changing shape

11 tasks

Tasks where the machine takes the producing and a person keeps the checking, the deciding, or the answering-for-it. For most jobs this is the biggest group, and it is where "transformation, not termination" is literally visible.

Creating models using computer aided design
The software now makes the first pass at models, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 80 · 5449/06
Source: “Create models using computer aided design (CAD) and computer aided manufacturing (CAM) software.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 58 out of 100 (51–65 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Software can generate and edit CAD and CAM models, though a maker still has to check the result will actually machine.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Generating computer models using specialist software to develop detailed prototypes
The software now makes the first pass at computer models, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 80 · 5449/06
Source: “Generate computer models using specialist software to develop detailed prototypes.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 58 out of 100 (51–65 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Modelling software plus AI gives strong starting models, but the maker still shapes them into something buildable.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Determining material dimensions, required equipment and operations sequences by studying blueprints, drawings and sketches
The software now makes the first pass at material dimensions, required equipment and operations sequences, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 75 · 5449/06
Source: “Determine material dimensions, required equipment, and operations sequences by studying blueprints, drawings, and sketches.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 56 out of 100 (52–60 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Reading a drawing to work out sizes, tools and the order of work is analysis software does well.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Staying human

155 tasks

Tasks that stay with a person, because they happen in the physical world, because the rules need someone accountable, or because the value is that a specific person does them.

Inspecting assembled or finished products to ensure conformance
This work happens in the physical world: assembled, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 75 · 5449/01, 5449/06
Source: “Inspect assembled or finished products to ensure conformance to specifications, using precision measuring instruments.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Measuring finished products with precision instruments requires handling them.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Operating machines to cut, mould or shape woodstock or wood substitutes
This work happens in the physical world: machines, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 5449/06, 5449/07
Source: “Operate machines to cut, mould, or shape woodstock or wood substitutes.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Cutting and shaping timber on a machine takes a person feeding and controlling the work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Shaping materials using hand and machine tools for specific manufacturing processes
This work happens in the physical world: materials, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 50 · 5449/03, 5449/05
Source: “Shape materials using hand and machine tools for specific manufacturing processes.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Shaping material with hand and machine tools is physical craft work that has to be done by a person.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Show the other 169 tasks

Calculating costings and preparing quotes for signage
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: costings in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 50 · 5449/08
Source: “Calculate costings and prepare quotes for signage.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 93 out of 100 (86–100 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Costing a sign and writing the quote is calculation and template work software does quickly.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 4/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Carrying out research on trends in design and lifestyle
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: research in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 50 · 5449/09
Source: “Carry out research on trends in design and lifestyle, including target market characteristics.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 83 out of 100 (79–87 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Trend and lifestyle research draws on huge amounts of published material, which software gathers and summarises very well.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 4/4.
Writing out cutting lists for musical instrument components
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: cutting lists in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 50 · 5449/07
Source: “Write out cutting lists for musical instrument components.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Turning a design into a cutting list is measurement and arithmetic that software does quickly.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Prepare pre-fabrication files and instructions for signage production and manufacture
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: pre-fabrication files in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 70 · 5449/08
Source: “Prepare pre-fabrication files and instructions for signage production and manufacture.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Turning a design into production files and instructions is software work already, with people checking before cutting.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Interpreting work orders to determine work assignments
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: work orders in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 50 · 5449/09
Source: “Interpret work orders to determine work assignments.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Turning work orders into job assignments is scheduling from written information.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Estimating wholesale and retail value of gems
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: wholesale in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 60 · 5449/03
Source: “Estimate wholesale and retail value of gems, following pricing guides, market fluctuations, and other relevant economic factors.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 66 out of 100 (59–73 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Once the grades are known, valuing a stone against price guides and market data is a calculation.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Reviewing the customer brief for signage design requirements
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: the customer brief in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 70 · 5449/08
Source: “Review the customer brief for signage design requirements.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 64 out of 100 (57–71 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Reading a customer brief and pulling out the design requirements is document work software does well.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Setting specifications of items
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: specifications of items in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 60 · 5449/09
Source: “Set specifications of items to be constructed or repaired.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 64 out of 100 (57–71 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Writing out what an item must be like is document work, though it is usually agreed with the person paying for it.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Drawing in 2D to create sketches
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: 2D in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 60 · 5449/09
Source: “Draw in 2D to create sketches, artwork, or illustrations.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 62 out of 100 (58–66 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Image tools now produce sketches and illustrations that are usable for many briefs with light editing.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 4/4.
Logging specifications and production operations of models for establishing operating standards
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at specifications, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 50 · 5449/06
Source: “Log specifications and production operations of models for establishing operating standards.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 56 out of 100 (49–63 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Writing up specifications and production steps is record-keeping from information already gathered.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Programming machines to cut, shape and mould materials for signs
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at machines, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 70 · 5449/08
Source: “Programme machines to cut, shape and mould materials for signs.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 56 out of 100 (49–63 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Writing the cutting programme is coding work software does well, with the maker checking it before it runs.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Reading work orders to determine production specifications and information
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at work orders, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 50 · 5449/08
Source: “Read work orders to determine production specifications and information.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 56 out of 100 (49–63 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Pulling the specifications out of a work order is straightforward document reading that software handles well.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Reviewing work orders and blueprints to ensure work meets specifications
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at work orders, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 50 · 5449/09
Source: “Review work orders and blueprints to ensure work meets specifications.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 56 out of 100 (49–63 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Checking work orders and drawings against each other is careful document comparison software does thoroughly.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Creating technical drawings
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at technical drawings, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 50 · 5449/07
Source: “Create technical drawings for work including wind systems, soundboards, and casework to specification.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 50 out of 100 (43–57 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Drawings can be produced by software, but this is bespoke work where the detail comes from the craft.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Selecting the best combination of materials for specific purposes
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at the best combination of materials, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 60 · 5449/09
Source: “Select the best combination of materials for specific purposes.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 50 out of 100 (43–57 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Material data is published, but picking the best combination for a one-off craft piece depends on what the workshop can actually work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Laying out and drawing outlines of units for product designs
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at and drawing outlines of units, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 75 · 5449/06
Source: “Lay out and draw outlines of units for product designs.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 43 out of 100 (36–50 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Drawing out unit outlines is drafting work software supports well, with the maker checking it against the real job.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Writing programmes for computer numerical control
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at programmes, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 70 · 5449/06
Source: “Write programmes for computer numerical control (CNC) machines to cut metal and plastic materials.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 43 out of 100 (36–50 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Code for cutting a part can be drafted automatically, though proving it on the actual machine remains the setter's job.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Measuring and computing dimensions
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: dimensions, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 50 · 5449/05
Source: “Measure and compute dimensions for lettering, designs, or patterns to engrave.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 38 out of 100 (31–45 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Measuring happens at the workpiece, but working out lettering sizes and spacing is calculation.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Reviewing designs from various sources to determine etching
staying human
The ratings behind this row put designs well outside what today's tools can do on their own.
importance 50 · 5449/05
Source: “Review designs from various sources to determine etching, cutting, or engraving methods for workpieces.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 38 out of 100 (31–45 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Deciding which method suits a design is largely a knowledge question, though the material in front of you shapes it.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Devising tools, dies, moulds, jigs and fixtures
staying human
The ratings behind this row put tools, dies, moulds, jigs and fixtures well outside what today's tools can do on their own.
importance 60 · 5449/06
Source: “Devise tools, dies, moulds, jigs, and fixtures.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 38 out of 100 (31–45 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Designing jigs, dies and fixtures needs hands-on knowledge of how the part behaves in the machine.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Designing new instruments for specific applications
staying human
The ratings behind this row put new instruments well outside what today's tools can do on their own.
importance 70 · 5449/07
Source: “Design new instruments for specific applications.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 38 out of 100 (31–45 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Design ideas can be drafted digitally, but instrument design is proved by building and hearing it.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Communicating design requirements to colleagues and clients
staying human
The value here is that a specific person handles design requirements and stands behind it. That is earned, not computed.
importance 50 · 5449/03
Source: “Communicate design requirements to colleagues and clients.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 35 out of 100 (28–42 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Requirements can be written down, but designs get agreed in conversation where being understood matters.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Reading works instructions and organising print work activities
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: works instructions, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 50 · 5449/08
Source: “Read works instructions and organise print work activities, ensuring that machinery, tools, equipment and materials are available.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 34 out of 100 (27–41 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Reading the works instructions is easy for software, but making sure machines and materials are ready happens on the shop floor.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Designing and preparing templates of wood
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: templates of wood, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 5449/09
Source: “Design and prepare templates of wood, paper, or metal.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 29 out of 100 (22–36 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Designing the template can be done on screen; cutting it from wood or metal cannot.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Advising on the best use of gems for creating attractive jewellery items
staying human
The value here is that a specific person handles the best use of gems and stands behind it. That is earned, not computed.
importance 70 · 5449/03
Source: “Advise on the best use of gems for creating attractive jewellery items.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 26 out of 100 (19–33 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Gem knowledge is documented, but customers making an expensive choice want a person they trust advising them.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Meeting with clients to establish the design brief
staying human
The value here is that a specific person handles clients and stands behind it. That is earned, not computed.
importance 60 · 5449/06
Source: “Meet with clients to establish the design brief, including concept, performance and production criteria.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 26 out of 100 (19–33 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Agreeing a brief face to face depends on reading the client, even though software can draft the brief document.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Resolving any issues related to signage work activities
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: any issues, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 50 · 5449/08
Source: “Resolve any issues related to signage work activities.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 21 out of 100 (14–28 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Sorting out problems on a signage job usually means being there to see what went wrong.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Testing updated equipment to ensure conformity to specifications
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: updated equipment, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 50 · 5449/06
Source: “Test updated equipment to ensure conformity to specifications.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 14 out of 100 (7–21 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Test procedures are documented, but the equipment has to be connected up and tested in person.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Conducting on-site surveys to assess job requirements and feasibility
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: on-site surveys, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 50 · 5449/08
Source: “Conduct on-site surveys to assess job requirements and feasibility.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 11 out of 100 (7–15 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: A site survey means going to the location and seeing what the job involves.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Identifying and documenting stones' clarity characteristics using plot diagrams
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: stones' clarity characteristics, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 50 · 5449/03
Source: “Identify and document stones' clarity characteristics using plot diagrams.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 10 out of 100 (3–17 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Plotting a stone’s clarity means viewing it under magnification and drawing what you see.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Operating 3D scanning and printing machines
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: 3D, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 80 · 5449/06
Source: “Operate 3D scanning and printing machines.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 10 out of 100 (3–17 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Preparing the file is desk work, but loading, running and finishing the print happens at the machine.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Constructing prototypes or models for objects
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: prototypes, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 5449/09
Source: “Construct prototypes or models for objects to be crafted.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 10 out of 100 (6–14 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Making a prototype or model is workshop work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Allocating polish, symmetry and clarity grades to stones, according to established grading systems
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: polish, symmetry and clarity grades, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 5449/03
Source: “Allocate polish, symmetry, and clarity grades to stones, according to established grading systems.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 9 out of 100 (2–16 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Grading systems are written down, but the grade comes from examining the actual stone.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Interpreting design sketches, specifications or drawings to create bespoke jewellery pieces
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: design sketches, specifications or drawings, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 5449/03
Source: “Interpret design sketches, specifications, or drawings to create bespoke jewellery pieces.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 8 out of 100 (1–15 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Reading the drawing is one thing, but making the piece from it is bench work with tools.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Inspecting engraving for quality of cut
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: quality of cut, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 5449/05
Source: “Inspect engraving for quality of cut, burrs, rough spots, and irregular or incomplete engraving.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 8 out of 100 (1–15 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Checking an engraving for burrs and rough spots is done by eye and touch on the piece.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Interpreting design sketches, specifications or drawings to produce detailed engravings
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: design sketches, specifications or drawings, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 5449/05
Source: “Interpret design sketches, specifications, or drawings to produce detailed engravings.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 8 out of 100 (1–15 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: The drawing can be read digitally, but producing the engraving is handwork at the piece.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Inspecting finished plates using light boxes and microscopes to detect flaws and verify conformity with master plates
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: finished plates, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 50 · 5449/05
Source: “Inspect finished plates using light boxes and microscopes to detect flaws and verify conformity with master plates.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 8 out of 100 (1–15 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Checking plates against masters is done under a microscope with the plate in front of you.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Creating model designs by hand for prototypes
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: model designs, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 85 · 5449/06
Source: “Create model designs by hand for prototypes.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 8 out of 100 (1–15 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Making a design model by hand is craft work with materials and tools.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Developing prototypes for new products to test feasibility
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: prototypes, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 80 · 5449/06
Source: “Develop prototypes for new products to test feasibility.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 8 out of 100 (4–12 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Making a working prototype is workshop and laboratory work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Selecting wooden stock for parts
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: wooden stock, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 50 · 5449/06
Source: “Select wooden stock for parts.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 8 out of 100 (1–15 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Picking the right piece of timber means looking over the stock in the workshop.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Using technology to make handcrafted items considering social and cultural contexts
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: technology, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 50 · 5449/06
Source: “Use technology to make handcrafted items considering social and cultural contexts.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 8 out of 100 (0–20 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, low confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Even with technology involved, a handcrafted item is still made by hand in a workshop.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Using tuned blocks, stroboscopes or electronic tuners to evaluate instrument tones
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: tuned blocks, stroboscopes or electronic tuners, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 5449/07
Source: “Use tuned blocks, stroboscopes, or electronic tuners to evaluate instrument tones.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 8 out of 100 (1–15 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: The tuner reads the pitch, but someone has to sound the instrument and act on what it shows.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Testing tubes and pickups in electronic amplifier units
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: tubes, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 50 · 5449/07
Source: “Test tubes and pickups in electronic amplifier units.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 8 out of 100 (1–15 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Testing valves and pickups means putting meters and hands on the actual unit.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Conducting quality assurance checks and rectify or reporting issues
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: quality assurance checks, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 5449/08
Source: “Conduct quality assurance checks and rectify or report issues.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 8 out of 100 (1–15 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Quality checks and putting faults right happen at the bench with the product in front of you.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Inspecting equipment to detect surface defects
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: equipment, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 50 · 5449/08
Source: “Inspect equipment to detect surface defects.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 8 out of 100 (1–15 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Spotting surface defects on equipment is done by looking at and touching it.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Inspecting gem surfaces and internal structures using optical instruments to identify types
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: gem surfaces, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 5449/03
Source: “Inspect gem surfaces and internal structures using optical instruments to identify types, detect flaws, and assess value.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 7 out of 100 (0–14 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Flaws and internal structure are seen through instruments held over the stone itself.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Modifying designs using working models to conform with customer specifications
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: designs, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 5449/06
Source: “Modify designs using working models to conform with customer specifications.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 7 out of 100 (3–11 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Adjusting a working model to match what the customer wants is done with hands on the model.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Selecting cuts for the biggest
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: cuts, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 5449/03
Source: “Select cuts for the biggest, best quality stones.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 6 out of 100 (0–13 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Choosing how to cut a stone depends on looking into that particular stone under a loupe.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Measuring workpieces and laying out work
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: workpieces, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 5449/06
Source: “Measure workpieces and lay out work, using precision measuring devices.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 6 out of 100 (0–13 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Measuring and marking out a workpiece with precision instruments has to be done by hand on the actual piece.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Carrying out regular maintenance and repairs
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: regular maintenance, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 5449/07
Source: “Carry out regular maintenance and repairs as scheduled.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 6 out of 100 (0–13 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Scheduled maintenance and repair changes the physical state of the equipment, so it needs a person with tools.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Supervising assembly workers to ensure quality and efficiency in toy production
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: workers, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 50 · 5449/09
Source: “Supervise assembly workers to ensure quality and efficiency in toy production.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 6 out of 100 (0–13 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Supervising an assembly line means being on the floor with the people doing the work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Making baskets by looping, knotting, plaiting, coiling, weaving and twining
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: baskets, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 95 · 5449/01
Source: “Make baskets by looping, knotting, plaiting, coiling, weaving and twining.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Weaving and knotting a basket is handwork from beginning to end.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Inspecting products to ensure they meet specifications
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: products, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 75 · 5449/01
Source: “Inspect products to ensure they meet specifications.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Checking that delivered products match the specification means physically examining them.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Counting finished products to determine if product orders are complete
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: finished products, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 5449/01
Source: “Count finished products to determine if product orders are complete.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Counting the finished items to check an order is complete means handling the physical goods.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Cleaning candle moulds and mould parts to ensure quality production
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: candle moulds, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 5449/02
Source: “Clean candle moulds and mould parts to ensure quality production.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Cleaning moulds and mould parts is hands-on workshop work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Cutting sprue holes into moulds for candle production
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: sprue holes, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 5449/02
Source: “Cut sprue holes into moulds for candle production.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Cutting sprue holes into moulds is done with tools in hand.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Pouring materials into or around models or moulds
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: materials, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 5449/02
Source: “Pour materials into or around models or moulds.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Pouring material into moulds is physical work at the bench.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Trimming scrape or deburr objects or parts, using chisels, scrapers and other hand tools and equipment
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: scrape, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 5449/02
Source: “Trim, scrape, or deburr objects or parts, using chisels, scrapers, and other hand tools and equipment.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Trimming and deburring parts with hand tools is physical work at the bench.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Loading filled moulds in ovens
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: filled moulds, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 50 · 5449/02
Source: “Load filled moulds in ovens, dryers, or curing boxes.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Loading moulds into ovens or dryers is lifting and placing work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Mixing moulding, casting material or sealing compounds to prescribed consistencies
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: material, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 50 · 5449/02
Source: “Mix moulding, casting material, or sealing compounds to prescribed consistencies.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Mixing casting material to the right consistency is judged by hand at the bucket.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Removing moulded patterns
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: moulded patterns, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 50 · 5449/02
Source: “Remove moulded patterns.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Taking moulded patterns out is physical handling.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Stacking filled moulds on storage racks or trolleys
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: filled moulds, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 50 · 5449/02
Source: “Stack filled moulds on storage racks or trolleys.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Stacking filled moulds on racks is lifting and carrying.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Polishing facets of stones using felt-covered or canvas-covered polishing wheels and compounds
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: facets of stones, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 5449/03
Source: “Polish facets of stones using felt-covered or canvas-covered polishing wheels and compounds.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Polishing facets on a wheel is skilled handwork.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Securing stones in metal mountings
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: stones, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 5449/03
Source: “Secure stones in metal mountings, using solder.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Soldering a stone into its mounting is fine handwork at the bench.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Measuring stones' bore holes and cuts with precision instruments to ensure specification adherence
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: stones' bore holes, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 50 · 5449/03
Source: “Measure stones' bore holes and cuts with precision instruments to ensure specification adherence.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Measuring a stone with precision instruments is done with it in hand.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Securing gems or diamonds in holders
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: gems, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 50 · 5449/03
Source: “Secure gems or diamonds in holders, chucks, dops, lapidary sticks, or blocks for cutting, polishing, grinding, drilling, or shaping.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Fixing gems into holders ready for cutting is careful handwork.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Splitting gems along pre-marked lines to remove imperfections using blades and jewellers' hammers
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: gems along pre-marked lines, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 50 · 5449/03
Source: “Split gems along pre-marked lines to remove imperfections using blades and jewellers' hammers.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Splitting a gem along a marked line is a hand skill with blade and hammer.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Fitting wigs, hairpieces and prosthetics for clients
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: wigs, hairpieces and prosthetics, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 5449/04
Source: “Fit wigs, hairpieces, and prosthetics for clients.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Fitting a wig or hairpiece is careful handwork on the client.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Combing hair or wigs to detangle and smooth strands
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: hair, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 5449/04
Source: “Comb hair or wigs to detangle and smooth strands.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Combing out hair is done by hand.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Reinforcing parts of items, wigs using suitable materials
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: parts of items, wigs, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 5449/04
Source: “Reinforce parts of items including wigs using suitable materials.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Reinforcing a wig with backing materials is handwork on the piece.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Drying hair and scalp or hairpieces
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: hair, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 50 · 5449/04
Source: “Dry hair and scalp or hairpieces.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Drying hair is done by hand with a dryer.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Packaging hairpieces and wigs for delivery
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: hairpieces, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 50 · 5449/04
Source: “Package hairpieces and wigs for delivery.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Packing wigs for delivery is physical handling.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Cutting detailed outlines of impressions on metal surfaces with gravers
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: detailed outlines of impressions, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 5449/05
Source: “Cut detailed outlines of impressions on metal surfaces with gravers.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Cutting an outline into metal with a graver is close handwork.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Cutting, sanding, cleaning and polish workpieces for etching or engraving
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: polish workpieces, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 5449/05
Source: “Cut, sand, clean, and polish workpieces for etching or engraving.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Cutting, sanding and polishing a workpiece is hands-on preparation.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Engraving or stamping identifying symbols
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: symbols, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 5449/05
Source: “Engrave or stamp identifying symbols, letters, or numbers on products.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Engraving or stamping marks onto a product happens at the machine or bench.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Adjusting guides and stops to control depths and widths of cuts
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: guides, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 50 · 5449/05
Source: “Adjust guides and stops to control depths and widths of cuts.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Adjusting guides and stops is done at the machine by hand.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Adjusting heights of worktables to change depths and sizes of cuts
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: heights of worktables, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 50 · 5449/05
Source: “Adjust heights of worktables to change depths and sizes of cuts.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Raising or lowering a worktable is a physical adjustment at the machine.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Drawing or scribing patterns onto material
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: patterns, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 50 · 5449/05
Source: “Draw or scribe patterns onto material using compasses, protractors, rulers, scribes, or other instruments.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Scribing a pattern onto material is marking out done by hand.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Etching designs onto glass or metal surfaces using acid
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: designs, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 50 · 5449/05
Source: “Etch designs onto glass or metal surfaces using acid.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Acid etching is carried out on the actual workpiece.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Guiding stylus over template, causing cutting tool to duplicate design or letters on workpiece
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: stylus over template, causing cutting tool, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 50 · 5449/05
Source: “Guide stylus over template, causing cutting tool to duplicate design or letters on workpiece.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Guiding a stylus over a template is hand-controlled machine work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Operating controls to set cutting speeds
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: controls, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 50 · 5449/05
Source: “Operate controls to set cutting speeds, depths, and feed rates.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Setting speeds, depths and feed rates is done at the machine controls.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Assembling mechanical, electrical and electronic components into models or prototypes
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: mechanical, electrical and electronic components, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 80 · 5449/06
Source: “Assemble mechanical, electrical, and electronic components into models or prototypes, using hand tools, power tools, and fabricating machines.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Assembling components into a model with hand and power tools is physical work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Making products or component parts of products by hand in line with the setting's quality standards
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: products, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 80 · 5449/06
Source: “Make products or component parts of products by hand in line with the setting's quality standards, confidentiality policies and intellectual property requirements.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Making parts by hand to a standard is craft work at the bench.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Assembling pattern sections using hand tools
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: pattern sections, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 75 · 5449/06
Source: “Assemble pattern sections using hand tools, bolts, screws, rivets, glue, or welding equipment.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Bolting, riveting and welding pattern sections together is physical assembly.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Operating hand and power tools to construct models
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: hand, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 75 · 5449/06
Source: “Operate hand and power tools to construct models.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Using hand and power tools to build models is physical work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Using electronics or mechanical methods to make working models with moving parts
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: electronics, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 75 · 5449/06
Source: “Use electronics or mechanical methods to make working models with moving parts.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Making working models with moving parts is hands-on building.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Constructing full scale mock-ups for parts of products and production tools
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: full scale mock-ups, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 5449/06
Source: “Construct full scale mock-ups for parts of products and production tools.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Building a full-scale mock-up is workshop work done with hands and materials.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Cutting, drilling and shaping metal materials using manual and power tools during fabrication activities
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: metal materials, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 5449/06
Source: “Cut, drill, and shape metal materials using manual and power tools during fabrication activities.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Cutting, drilling and shaping metal is hands-on tool work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Finishing completed products or models with shellac
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: completed products, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 5449/06
Source: “Finish completed products or models with shellac, lacquer, wax, or paint.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Applying lacquer, wax or paint to a finished model is done by hand.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Joining parts using bolts, screws, welding or gluing
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: parts, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 5449/06
Source: “Join parts using bolts, screws, welding, or gluing.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Bolting, welding or gluing parts together is physical assembly.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Locating and marking dimensions and reference lines on parts
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: dimensions, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 5449/06
Source: “Locate and mark dimensions and reference lines on parts using templates, scribes, compasses, and steel rules.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Marking reference lines onto parts is done with instruments on the part itself.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Trimming smooth and shaping surfaces using hand tools
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: smooth, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 5449/06
Source: “Trim, smooth, and shape surfaces using hand tools.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Trimming and shaping by hand is skilled physical work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Constructing moulds for parts of products and production tools
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: moulds, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 65 · 5449/06
Source: “Construct moulds for parts of products and production tools.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Building moulds is physical workshop work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Carrying out spray painting for final product coating
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: spray, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 5449/06
Source: “Carry out spray painting for final product coating.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Spray painting a product is hands-on finishing work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Constructing wooden models for parts of products and production tools
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: wooden models, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 5449/06
Source: “Construct wooden models for parts of products and production tools.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Building a wooden model means cutting and shaping real material.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Filing parts to finished dimensions
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: parts, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 5449/06
Source: “File parts to finished dimensions.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Filing a part down to size is judged by hand and eye.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Maintaining the work area according to safety and environmental standards
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: the work area, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 5449/06
Source: “Maintain the work area according to safety and environmental standards.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Keeping the work area clean and safe is physical work in the kitchen.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Sanding parts to finished dimensions
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: parts, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 5449/06
Source: “Sand parts to finished dimensions.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Sanding a part to its finished size is handwork.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Setting up and operating lathes to make metallic and plastic workpieces
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: and operating lathes, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 5449/06
Source: “Set up and operate lathes to make metallic and plastic workpieces.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Setting up and running a lathe is done standing at the machine.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Setting up and operating pillar drills to fabricate prototypes or models
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: and operating pillar drills, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 5449/06
Source: “Set up and operate pillar drills to fabricate prototypes or models.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Setting up and running a pillar drill is hands-on machine work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Setting up and operating punch presses to fabricate prototypes or models
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: and operating punch presses, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 5449/06
Source: “Set up and operate punch presses to fabricate prototypes or models.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Setting up and running a punch press happens at the machine.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Setting up woodworking machinery according to specifications
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: woodworking machinery, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 5449/06
Source: “Set up woodworking machinery according to specifications.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Setting woodworking machinery to specification is done by hand at the machine.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Verifying dimensions of completed patterns
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: dimensions of completed patterns, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 5449/06
Source: “Verify dimensions of completed patterns using templates, straightedges, callipers, or protractors.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Checking a pattern with callipers and straightedges means measuring the part itself.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Constructing jigs that can be used as guides for assembling oversized or special types of box shooks
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: jigs, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 50 · 5449/06
Source: “Construct jigs that can be used as guides for assembling oversized or special types of box shooks.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Building jigs to guide assembly is workshop handwork.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Creating samples or prototypes for hand-made ceramic products
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: samples, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 50 · 5449/06
Source: “Create samples or prototypes for hand-made ceramic products.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Making a ceramic sample or prototype is craft work with materials.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Drilling holes in parts and assemblies for fasteners using power tools
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: holes, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 50 · 5449/06
Source: “Drill holes in parts and assemblies for fasteners using power tools.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Drilling fastener holes is done with the tool in hand.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Forming metal parts
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: metal parts, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 50 · 5449/06
Source: “Form metal parts using snips, power brakes, shears, files, and mallets.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Forming metal with snips, brakes and mallets is physical shaping work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Making work aids, scrapers or templates
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: work aids, scrapers or templates, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 50 · 5449/06
Source: “Make work aids such as scrapers or templates.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Making scrapers and templates is bench work with tools.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Adjusting trusses and bridges of instruments to obtain specified string tensions and heights
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: trusses, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 80 · 5449/07
Source: “Adjust trusses and bridges of instruments to obtain specified string tensions and heights.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Adjusting a truss or bridge is done by feel on the instrument.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Comparing instrument pitches with tuning tool pitches to tune instruments
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: instrument pitches, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 80 · 5449/07
Source: “Compare instrument pitches with tuning tool pitches to tune instruments.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Tuning means adjusting the actual instrument while listening to it.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Dismantling instruments and parts for repair and adjustment
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: instruments, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 80 · 5449/07
Source: “Dismantle instruments and parts for repair and adjustment.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Taking an instrument apart for repair is hands-on work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Playing instruments to evaluate their sound quality and to locate any defects
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: instruments, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 80 · 5449/07
Source: “Play instruments to evaluate their sound quality and to locate any defects.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Playing an instrument to hear what is wrong needs the instrument in your hands.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Repairing damaged or worn instruments
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: damaged, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 80 · 5449/07
Source: “Repair damaged or worn instruments.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Repairing a worn instrument is skilled handwork.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Aligning pads and keys on reed or wind instruments
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: pads, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 75 · 5449/07
Source: “Align pads and keys on reed or wind instruments.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Aligning pads and keys is fine adjustment done by hand.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Assembling bars onto percussion instruments
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: bars, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 5449/07
Source: “Assemble bars onto percussion instruments.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Fitting bars onto a percussion instrument is physical assembly.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Cleaning musical instrument pipework to ensure optimal sound quality
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: musical instrument pipework, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 5449/07
Source: “Clean musical instrument pipework to ensure optimal sound quality.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Cleaning organ pipework is hands-on work on the instrument.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Cleaning parts of percussion instruments to maintain their condition
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: parts of percussion instruments, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 5449/07
Source: “Clean parts of percussion instruments to maintain their condition.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Cleaning percussion parts is physical maintenance.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Fabricating and repairing metal pipes for musical instruments
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: metal pipes, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 5449/07
Source: “Fabricate and repair metal pipes for musical instruments.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Making and repairing metal pipes is workshop handwork.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Manufacturing bespoke wooden parts using hand tools and woodworking machinery when they cannot
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: bespoke wooden parts, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 5449/07
Source: “Manufacture bespoke wooden parts using hand tools and woodworking machinery when they cannot be ordered.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Making bespoke wooden parts is done with hand tools and machinery.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Manufacturing medium-sized musical instrument components
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: medium-sized musical instrument components, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 5449/07
Source: “Manufacture medium-sized musical instrument components, including concussions and tremulants.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Making instrument components is physical workshop work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Manufacturing small components, including rollerboards and mechanical action parts
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: small components, including rollerboards and mechanical action parts, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 5449/07
Source: “Manufacture small components, including rollerboards and mechanical action parts.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Making small mechanical action parts is fine handwork.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Polishing instruments, using rags and polishing compounds, buffing wheels or burnishing tools
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: instruments, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 5449/07
Source: “Polish instruments, using rags and polishing compounds, buffing wheels, or burnishing tools.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Polishing an instrument is done by hand with cloths and wheels.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Releathering bellows and motors
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: bellows, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 5449/07
Source: “Re-leather bellows and motors.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Re-leathering bellows is handwork on the instrument.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Removing dents and burrs from metal instruments
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: dents, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 5449/07
Source: “Remove dents and burrs from metal instruments, using mallets and burnishing tools.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Working dents out of metal instruments is done by hand with mallets and burnishers.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Repairing breaks in percussion instruments
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: breaks, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 5449/07
Source: “Repair breaks in percussion instruments, such as drums and cymbals, using hand tools.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Repairing a cracked drum or cymbal is hands-on work with tools.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Replacing xylophone bars
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: xylophone bars, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 5449/07
Source: “Replace xylophone bars.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Swapping xylophone bars is done by hand at the instrument.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Setting up and tune instruments for performances
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: and tune instruments, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 5449/07
Source: “Set up and tune instruments for performances.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Setting up and tuning instruments happens physically at the venue.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Shaping old parts and replacement parts to improve tone or intonation
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: old parts, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 5449/07
Source: “Shape old parts and replacement parts to improve tone or intonation, using hand tools, lathes, or soldering irons.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Reshaping parts to improve tone is skilled handwork judged by ear.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
String instruments
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: instruments, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 5449/07
Source: “String instruments.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Stringing an instrument is done by hand.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Tuning pipe organs to keep them in working order
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: pipe organs, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 5449/07
Source: “Tune pipe organs to keep them in working order, considering external factors like temperature and humidity.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Tuning a pipe organ means being inside it adjusting pipes as the room changes.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Voicing and finishing tones to achieve optimal tone quality
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: tones, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 5449/07
Source: “Voice and finish tones to achieve optimal tone quality.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Voicing an instrument is fine adjustment judged by ear with the instrument in front of you.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Applying varnishes and paints to surfaces to achieve desired finish and protection
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: varnishes, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 5449/07
Source: “Apply varnishes and paints to surfaces to achieve desired finish and protection.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Applying varnish or paint to a surface is physical work no software can carry out.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Cutting new drumheads from animal skins using scissors
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: new drumheads, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 5449/07
Source: “Cut new drumheads from animal skins using scissors.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Cutting a drumhead from skin is handwork with scissors.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Cutting out sections around cracks on percussion instruments to prevent cracks from advancing using shears
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: sections around cracks, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 5449/07
Source: “Cut out sections around cracks on percussion instruments to prevent cracks from advancing using shears.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Cutting out around a crack to stop it spreading is done by hand.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Installing plastic parts to instruments like electric guitars
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: plastic parts, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 5449/07
Source: “Install plastic parts to instruments like electric guitars.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Fitting plastic parts to a guitar is hands-on assembly.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Mixing and measuring glue for instrument repair
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: glue, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 5449/07
Source: “Mix and measure glue for instrument repair.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Mixing and measuring glue is bench work with materials.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Refinishing and polishing piano cabinets or cases to prepare them for sale
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: piano cabinets, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 5449/07
Source: “Refinish and polish piano cabinets or cases to prepare them for sale.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Refinishing a piano case is hands-on finishing work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Removing irregularities from tuning pins
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: irregularities, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 5449/07
Source: “Remove irregularities from tuning pins, strings, and hammers of pianos using wood blocks or filing tools.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Filing irregularities off pins, strings and hammers is close handwork.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Reproducing period instruments based on historical designs
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: period instruments, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 5449/07
Source: “Reproduce period instruments based on historical designs.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Historical research helps, but reproducing a period instrument means building it by hand.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Restoring soundboards and other organ parts
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: soundboards, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 5449/07
Source: “Restore soundboards and other organ parts.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Restoring soundboards and organ parts is skilled handwork.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Soldering frames of mallet instruments and metal drum parts
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: frames of mallet instruments, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 5449/07
Source: “Solder frames of mallet instruments and metal drum parts.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Soldering frames and drum parts is done with an iron in hand.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Striking wood, fibreglass or metal bars of instruments
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: wood, fibreglass or metal bars of instruments, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 5449/07
Source: “Strike wood, fibreglass, or metal bars of instruments.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Striking bars to hear how they sound needs the instrument in front of you.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Washing metal instruments in lacquer-stripping and cyanide solutions to remove lacquer and tarnish
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: metal instruments, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 5449/07
Source: “Wash metal instruments in lacquer-stripping and cyanide solutions to remove lacquer and tarnish.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Washing instruments in stripping solutions is physical workshop work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Restoring antiques to their original condition
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: antiques, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 50 · 5449/07
Source: “Restore antiques to their original condition.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Restoring an antique is skilled hands-on work with the object.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Soldering parts and connections as necessary in electronic amplifier units
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: parts, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 50 · 5449/07
Source: “Solder parts and connections as necessary in electronic amplifier units.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Soldering connections in an amplifier is hands-on electronics work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Soldering posts and parts to hold them in their proper places
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: posts, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 50 · 5449/07
Source: “Solder posts and parts to hold them in their proper places.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Soldering posts and parts into place is fine handwork.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Adding fixing features, eyelets, hinges and brackets to signs
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: features, eyelets, hinges and brackets, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 80 · 5449/08
Source: “Add fixing features such as eyelets, hinges, and brackets to signs.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Fitting eyelets, hinges and brackets to signs is hands-on work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Applying, installing or erecting signage products to end point location
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: signage products, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 80 · 5449/08
Source: “Apply, install or erect signage products to end point location.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Putting signs up at their final location is physical work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Manufacturing signs using appropriate machinery
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: signs, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 80 · 5449/08
Source: “Manufacture signs using appropriate machinery, equipment, and tools.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Making signs on machinery is physical workshop work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Printing and finishing artwork and lettering on digital printers and laminators
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: artwork, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 80 · 5449/08
Source: “Print and finish artwork and lettering on digital printers and laminators.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Running printers and laminators and finishing the output is hands-on production work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Applying finishes and coatings to signs for durability
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: finishes, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 5449/08
Source: “Apply finishes and coatings to signs for durability.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Applying finishes and coatings to a sign is hands-on work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Applying traditional hand-painting and retouching techniques to enhance visual artwork
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: traditional, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 5449/08
Source: “Apply traditional hand-painting and retouching techniques to enhance visual artwork.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Hand-painting and retouching artwork is brushwork on the piece.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Cleaning signs during finishing operations
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: signs during finishing operations, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 5449/08
Source: “Clean signs during finishing operations.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Cleaning signs during finishing is physical work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Filling and smoothing cracks or depressions using plastic or wood filler
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: cracks, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 5449/08
Source: “Fill and smooth cracks or depressions using plastic or wood filler.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Filling and smoothing cracks is done with filler and a blade in hand.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Positioning and gluing decorative pieces in cutout sections of workpieces
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: decorative pieces, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 5449/08
Source: “Position and glue decorative pieces in cutout sections of workpieces, following patterns.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Positioning and gluing decorative pieces is close handwork.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Removing grease, dirt, paint or rust from surfaces using abrasives, solvents, brushes, blowtorches, washing tanks or sandblasters in preparation for paint application
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: grease, dirt, paint or rust, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 5449/08
Source: “Remove grease, dirt, paint, or rust from surfaces using abrasives, solvents, brushes, blowtorches, washing tanks, or sandblasters in preparation for paint application.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Surface cleaning is physical preparation.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Selecting and mixing ingredients to prepare coating substances
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: ingredients, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 5449/08
Source: “Select and mix ingredients to prepare coating substances according to specifications, using paddles or mechanical mixers.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–7 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence, and it moved between repeat runs, so the range is widened.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Selecting and mixing coating ingredients is done at the mixer by hand.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Trimming signs as part of finishing operations
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: signs, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 5449/08
Source: “Trim signs as part of finishing operations.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Trimming signs is hands-on finishing work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Cutting out sections in surfaces of materials for inlaying decorative pieces using patterns and scissors
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: sections, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 50 · 5449/08
Source: “Cut out sections in surfaces of materials for inlaying decorative pieces using patterns and scissors.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Cutting inlay sections into a surface is handwork with pattern and scissors.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Heating coating materials to specified temperatures for application on surfaces
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: materials, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 50 · 5449/08
Source: “Heat coating materials to specified temperatures for application on surfaces.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Heating coating material to temperature is done at the equipment.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Placing coated workpieces in ovens or dryers to dry or harden finishes
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: coated workpieces, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 50 · 5449/08
Source: “Place coated workpieces in ovens or dryers to dry or harden finishes.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Loading coated workpieces into ovens is physical handling.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Rinsing drain or wipe coated workpieces to remove excess coating material or facilitate setting of finish coats
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: drain, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 50 · 5449/08
Source: “Rinse, drain, or wipe coated workpieces to remove excess coating material or facilitate setting of finish coats.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Rinsing and wiping coated pieces is hands-on finishing work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Smoothing out wrinkles and air bubbles with hands or squeegees
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: wrinkles, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 50 · 5449/08
Source: “Smooth out wrinkles and air bubbles with hands or squeegees.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Working wrinkles and bubbles out with a squeegee is done by hand.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Trimming rough edges from strips
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: rough edges, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 50 · 5449/08
Source: “Trim rough edges from strips, using straightedges and trimming knives.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Trimming rough edges with a knife is bench handwork.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Modeling substances, clay or wax, using fingers and small hand tools to form objects
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: substances, clay or wax, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 5449/09
Source: “Model substances such as clay or wax, using fingers and small hand tools to form objects.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Shaping clay or wax with fingers and small tools is physical making.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Shaping or cutting materials to specified measurements
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: materials, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 5449/09
Source: “Shape or cut materials to specified measurements, using hand tools, machines, or power saws.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Cutting and shaping material to size is done with tools on the material.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Carrying out quality checks on component parts and completed assemblies
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: quality checks, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 5449/09
Source: “Carry out quality checks on component parts and completed assemblies.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Checking parts and finished assemblies means handling them and measuring them by hand.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Attending craft fairs to market products
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: craft fairs, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 50 · 5449/09
Source: “Attend craft fairs to market products.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Selling at a craft fair means being on the stand talking to people who came to see the work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Packaging toys for delivery
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: toys, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 50 · 5449/09
Source: “Package toys for delivery.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Packing toys for delivery is physical handling.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.

What this job pays, and how many people do it

Median pay: £29,300a year, before tax, the middle of the range, so half earn more and half earn less.ashe-t14, 2025 · ASHE 2025 provisional (reference April 2025)Provisional, because the ONS revises this figure in the autumn.
How we know this
Source: ashe-t14
Reference period: ASHE 2025 provisional (reference April 2025)
Rounding: Shown to the nearest £100. The exact published figure is in the downloadable dataset. We do not render pounds the survey cannot support.
People doing this job: 35,600in the UK, 2026.nomis-aps · Apr 2025-Mar 2026 (latest APS 12-month period)This headcount comes from a survey, not a census, so treat it as a good estimate rather than an exact count.

What is deliberately not here: a forecast of how many of these jobs exist in ten years. Where an official projection exists for a market we publish it with its vintage; where it does not, we leave the space empty rather than borrow the other country’s number.

Why this is shifting

The reason is boringly specific. Most of what is shifting here is reading one thing and writing another: computer software in, a record out. The rows above are exactly that shape: using computer software to create graphic designs and designing signage using graphic design software. What it cannot do is be there in the room, and that is still where assembled gets done. Which is why this page talks about your tasks changing, not your job ending.

Your move

Over a pint: what I’d tell you if you were my friend

Start with what does not change: inspecting assembled or finished products to ensure conformance is the middle of this job, and the evidence on this page says it stays with a person.

So, given all that: 7% of this job's task weight sits in rows the software is already learning, 6% in rows that change shape rather than disappear, and 86% in rows it is nowhere near. That is the position, measured across 179 scored tasks. It is not a forecast about you.

So the thing worth your attention is not the job going away. It is the layer around it. Using computer software to create graphic designs is the part turning into software, and being the person who understands that layer is worth money.

This week: one thing

Ask the one question. Find whoever is bringing new software into your workplace (the manager, the office, whoever runs the system) and ask them what it is meant to do to computer software, and what it is not meant to touch. Ten minutes, this week, before anyone decides it for you.

What you end up holding: a straight answer about what is actually being rolled out, and when
How long it takes: ten minutes

If there’s nobody obvious to ask, or you’d rather not ask your manager: Put the same question to your union rep, your shift lead or the person who has been there longest, in person, over a break. Same ten minutes, same answer, and you will usually get a straighter one. Write down what they say. The note is the artifact, and it tells you whether assembled is in scope or not. Nothing to log into, no licence needed.

Over the next 90 days

Get inside the tool rollout rather than waiting for it. Over the next ninety days, ask to be in the group that tests, checks or signs off whatever new system arrives near creating models using computer aided design. It is usually an unglamorous seat that nobody fights for, and it is the one that decides how the software is used on your job rather than to it.

Over the next 12 months

On this evidence I would not retrain out of this job, and I will say that plainly rather than hedge it. The task list here is dominated by work that stays with a person. What I would do with a year is get formally recognised for the layer around it (the systems, the compliance, the planning), so you are the one who understands the software instead of the one it is done to. Before you pay for anything, spend an hour with National Careers Service. It is free and government-funded, and it is listed below with the rest of the free routes.

The roads out of here, and why I am not sending you down them

I looked at the obvious moves out of this job, and here is what I found.

I checked the 12 nearest UK occupations to other skilled trades n.e.c. (nearest by the work that AI is not taking, not by job title), and none of them survived. The closest was tool makers, tool fitters and markers-out: only about 9% of its durable work is work you already do and there are far fewer of those jobs than of yours. And on the numbers you do not need one. This job scores 11/100 here, with only 7% of the task list in the top band, and “make baskets by looping, knotting, plaiting, coiling, weaving and twining” is not work that hands over cleanly. None of them beats deepening what you already have.

How that was checked: this job was compared against all 412 UK occupations in this release on their official task statements, and the 12 nearest were examined one by one. A move that turns on an industry, an employer or a qualification rather than on the work itself will not show up in a check like that. And this release carries no licence register, so anything you are weighing needs that looked up separately.

3 moves I checked and rejected

These are the obvious-looking jumps. They are here with their reasons rather than quietly dropped, because the ones that fail are worth knowing about. It is one less thing to turn over at night.

Tool makers, tool fitters and markers-out
Why it looked obvious: It came up as a near neighbour because one of your tasks is on their list in the same words: “assemble mechanical, electrical, and electronic components into models or prototypes, using hand tools, power tools, and…”. Across the whole of both lists that adds up to about 9% of the work in that job the software is not taking.
Why I am not recommending it: Almost none of it is work you already do: about 9% of the durable side of that job. That is a different job, not a next step. And it is a narrow door: about 8,600 of those jobs against 35,600 of yours (ONS via Nomis), 24% as many seats.
Look at that job’s page anyway →
Sheet metal workers
Why it looked obvious: It came up as a near neighbour because one of your tasks is on their list in the same words: “cut, drill, and shape metal materials using manual and power tools during fabrication activities”. Across the whole of both lists that adds up to about 4% of the work in that job the software is not taking.
Why I am not recommending it: Almost none of it is work you already do: about 4% of the durable side of that job. That is a different job, not a next step.
Look at that job’s page anyway →
Design occupations n.e.c.
Why it looked obvious: It came up as a near neighbour because one of your tasks is on their list in the same words: “fit wigs, hairpieces, and prosthetics for clients”. Across the whole of both lists that adds up to about 2% of the work in that job the software is not taking.
Why I am not recommending it: Almost none of it is work you already do: about 2% of the durable side of that job. That is a different job, not a next step.
Look at that job’s page anyway →

What I’d stop worrying about

A friend tells you what not to spend fear on. This is that list.

The headline number you read somewhere
The big “X% of jobs” figures are about the whole economy, not about you. The number that describes your job is on this page: 7% of its task weight, across 179 scored tasks. Every row behind it is printed above with the source. Check ours; ignore theirs.
The headlines about your trade disappearing
They are usually about the technology, not the timetable. Changes to work like inspecting assembled or finished products to ensure conformance arrive through rules, insurance and money, slowly and visibly. This page tracks the task evidence and will move when it moves.
Retraining out of a job that is holding up
On this evidence I would not spend money leaving. Spend it on the layer around the job instead: the tools, the paperwork, the planning. That is where the change actually is.
The “obvious” next job everyone suggests
I checked the obvious moves and most of them did not survive. The reasons are printed with the routes above, including the pay and the gate. A move that fails on the numbers is worth knowing about so you can stop turning it over at night.

If you run a team doing this job

If you run a team doing this job, the conversation you owe them is the one on this page, and sooner than feels comfortable. Show them the ledger rather than a reassurance: the rows moving toward the software are using computer software to create graphic designs, and the rows that are not are where you want your people visible. Ask each of them to do the this-week move and bring the list to your next one-to-one. It turns a rumour into a piece of work, and it tells you which parts of your team's week are actually at stake. And say the thing out loud that a team lead usually leaves unsaid: a shrinking team is your exposure too, so do the move yourself as well.

You are reading the United Kingdom figures

The United States splits this work across more than one official group, of which Musical Instrument Repairers and Tuners is the closest. The pay and employment figures are not directly comparable, and we do not average them together.

Switch to the United States page →partial match

The other groups this work is counted across:

In US official statistics this job is counted as Musical Instrument Repairers and Tuners, Woodworkers, All Other, Jewelers and Precious Stone and Metal Workers and Painting, Coating, and Decorating Workers. Pay is shown separately for each of those groups (medians cannot be averaged together), while the task list and the scores on this page are for this group only.

Your route through this

Where to go next, and what it costs

Free, and complete

The moves above cost nothing. These are the real services that go with them: public, government-funded, and free at the point of use. Nothing on this page is behind an email address or a payment.

In England:
National Careers Service
A free hour with a government-funded careers adviser is worth more than another evening of reading. In England that's the National Careers Service.
Free, government-funded
- Discover your skills and careers (the skills assessment)
In England:
National Careers Service - Find a course
Search what's actually running near you before you spend anything.
Free to search; individual courses vary
In England:
Free courses for jobs (Level 3 qualifications)
A free Level 3 qualification you already qualify for beats a paid course you don't need.
Free for eligible adults
In England:
Skills Bootcamps
Free, up to 16 weeks, and you get a job interview at the end. In England these are Skills Bootcamps - search what's running near you.
Free for eligible adults in England
- Skills Bootcamps - what they are and who can do them (DfE, Skills for Careers)
- Skills Bootcamps - JobHelp (DWP)
In Scotland:
My World of Work (Skills Development Scotland)
In Scotland it's My World of Work, from Skills Development Scotland.
Free, publicly funded
- Skills Development Scotland
In Wales:
Careers Wales
In Wales it's Careers Wales.
Free, Welsh Government-funded
In Northern Ireland:
Careers Service Northern Ireland
In Northern Ireland it's the Careers Service on nidirect.
Free, Department for the Economy-funded

No Space for this job, but one for what is happening to it

Nothing Collab365 runs is built for other skilled trades n.e.c., and we are not going to point you at the nearest one and call it a fit.

There is one that is not about a job title at all. The AI Authority is about being the person who directs these tools at work rather than the person they get compared to. That is worth saying here, because 7% of the work on this page is already inside what they can do.

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7 days free, no card needed. Explore up to 2 Spaces before you choose a plan: you pick a plan later, not now.

The AI Authority is a general community about working with AI, not a course for other skilled trades n.e.c.. You do not need it to act on anything here: the moves above cost nothing and stand on their own. The data on this page is the same either way.

Noted, and thank you. We’ll email you if a Space for other skilled trades n.e.c. launches. Nothing else.

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No Space for other skilled trades n.e.c. yet. Should there be one?

Collab365 Spaces is built by the same people as this site. We find the problems that AI and automation are creating inside one kind of work, then solve them as short courses, briefings and Blueprints. Each Space is the community too, so the research and the people doing your job are in the same place.

What a Space actually is, in full

Collab365 launches new communities where the need is real. If one for other skilled trades n.e.c. existed, with researched problems, courses and people in the same boat, would you want in?

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We use your email address for one thing: to tell you if a Space for other skilled trades n.e.c. launches. We never sell it, never use it for unrelated marketing, and every email has a one-click unsubscribe. Our privacy policy has the full version.

This unlocks nothing. Every figure, every row and every step on this page is already yours, whether you fill this in or not.

No deadline on any of this. The page will still be here, and the data is refreshed on a published schedule rather than when someone wants a headline.

Questions people ask about this job

Will AI replace Other skilled trades n.e.c.?: Not as a job, but it is already doing parts of the work. Across the 179 official task statements scored for Other skilled trades n.e.c. (United Kingdom, SOC 5449), 7% of the importance-weighted core work is made of tasks today's AI could already do most of. The overall exposure score is 11 out of 100 (range 9–16, band: minimal). That is a statement about tasks, not about headcount: this measures what AI could do, not whether any employer adopts it, whether the law allows it, or whether doing the routine parts faster creates more demand for the human parts. Figures are from release 2026-q4.1.
Which tasks in “Other skilled trades n.e.c.” can AI already do?: The highest-scoring tasks in release 2026-q4.1 are: “Calculate costings and prepare quotes for signage” (93/100, very high); “Use computer software to create graphic designs” (83/100, very high); “Carry out research on trends in design and lifestyle, including target market characteristics” (83/100, very high). Each score comes from five published 0–4 ratings turned into a number by a published formula, and each carries the model's one-sentence reason on the page.
Which tasks in “Other skilled trades n.e.c.” stay human?: About 86% of this job's task weight sits in work that scores low for AI exposure. The lowest-scoring tasks in release 2026-q4.1 are: “Package toys for delivery” (0/100, minimal); “Attend craft fairs to market products” (0/100, minimal); “Carry out quality checks on component parts and completed assemblies” (0/100, minimal). Low scores usually mean the task needs a body in a room, a legally accountable human, or trust built in real time. Those are the three things the scoring rubric treats as gates rather than obstacles.
What should someone working in “Other skilled trades n.e.c.” do about AI?: Start from the ledger rather than the headline: 7% of this job's weighted core work is exposed, and roughly 86% is not. The practical move is to spend more of your week on the tasks that score low, the ones above, and to get fluent at directing AI through the tasks that score high, because those are the parts that change whether or not you are ready for them. This page does not predict your job, and nothing here is career advice tailored to you: the score describes the occupation, not the person.
How is the AI exposure score for Other skilled trades n.e.c. calculated?: Each official task statement for the occupation is rated on five published 0–4 dimensions (output replicability, physical embodiment, licensed accountability, real-time human trust, and data availability) by claude-opus-5 using scoring prompt task_scoring_v1.0. The model never writes the score; a published formula turns the five ratings into a 0–100 number, so every score can be recomputed by hand. The occupation figure is the importance-weighted mean across 179 scored tasks. The prompt, the rubric, the formula and the full dataset are published at https://futureproof.collab365.com/method and https://futureproof.collab365.com/data/2026-q4.1 under CC BY 4.0.

Where these numbers come from

About the data on this page

Provisional, because the ONS revises this figure in the autumn.
This headcount comes from a survey, not a census, so treat it as a good estimate rather than an exact count.
One task scored differently between repeat runs, so its range on this page is wider. We would rather show the wobble than hide it.
One row is marked low confidence, so treat it as a ballpark rather than a fine measurement.
The match between this job and its counterpart in the other country is partial, so the two pages count slightly different groups of people.
68 of this occupation's scored task statements carry a score that was measured under a different occupation's context, because the statement is shared between jobs and has only been scored once so far. Each one names the occupation it was measured under in the free routes below; none is presented as a measurement for this job.
Task clusters are not derived in this release, so the task-cluster field is empty and no Collab365 Space routing is attached to this occupation yet.

Task statements: gaisi-indexProcessing: catalogue-bridge → ssc-relatedness-weighting → task-scoring → score-aggregation
Task weights: gaisi-index (relatedness)
Scores: Rubric task_scoring_v1.0, model claude-opus-5, computed 2026-08-05.
Pay and employment: ashe-t14 (ASHE 2025 provisional (reference April 2025))nomis-aps (Apr 2025-Mar 2026 (latest APS 12-month period))

Figures on this page come from release 2026-q4.1, published 2026-08-05. Every release keeps its own permanent address, so a figure you cite in March is still there, unchanged, in November.

The plain-English wording on this page is assembled directly from the task statements and the published ratings, not written by hand for this occupation. That is why it is specific, and it is also why we say so.

The routes and free resources further up are today’s, not the release’s (last reviewed 2026-08-05). A route is an offer, not a historical fact, so it moves on its own clock.

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Everything on this site is published under CC BY 4.0. Quote it, chart it, sell something built on it. Just say where it came from, and cite the dated release rather than the site, so the figure you quote stays checkable.

Plain text

Collab365 (2026). Collab365 Futureproof: task-level AI exposure for US and UK occupations, release 2026-q4.1 (methodVersion 2.0.0, promptVersion task_scoring_v1.0). https://futureproof.collab365.com/data/2026-q4.1. Licensed CC BY 4.0. Built with O*NET data (USDOL/ETA, CC BY 4.0); ONS data (Open Government Licence v3.0); GAISI task framework (arXiv:2507.22748, MIT); BLS data (public domain).

BibTeX

@misc{collab365futureproof2026q41,
  title        = {Collab365 Futureproof: task-level AI exposure for US and UK occupations, release 2026-q4.1},
  author       = {{Collab365}},
  year         = {2026},
  url          = {https://futureproof.collab365.com/data/2026-q4.1},
  note         = {Release 2026-q4.1, methodVersion 2.0.0, promptVersion task_scoring_v1.0, CC BY 4.0}
}

Permalink

https://futureproof.collab365.com/data/2026-q4.1

Data as of release 2026-q4.1, published 2026-08-05. Releases never change after publication; when the figures move, a new dated release is published beside this one and this one stays exactly where it is.