Will AI replace Computer Occupations, All Other?

Not as a job, but it is already doing parts of the work. Across the 215 official task statements scored for Computer Occupations, All Other (United States, SOC 15-1299), 70% of the importance-weighted core work is made of tasks today's AI could already do most of. The overall exposure score is 66 out of 100 (range 59–73, band: high). That is a statement about tasks, not about headcount: this measures what AI could do, not whether any employer adopts it, whether the law allows it, or whether doing the routine parts faster creates more demand for the human parts. Figures are from release 2026-q4.1.

Which tasks in “Computer Occupations, All Other” can AI already do?

The highest-scoring tasks in release 2026-q4.1 are: “Write and execute scripts to automate tasks, such as parsing large data files” (100/100, very high); “Document design specifications, installation instructions, and other system-related information” (93/100, very high); “Monitor system operation to detect potential problems” (93/100, very high). Each score comes from five published 0–4 ratings turned into a number by a published formula, and each carries the model's one-sentence reason on the page.

Which tasks in “Computer Occupations, All Other” stay human?

About 9% of this job's task weight sits in work that scores low for AI exposure. The lowest-scoring tasks in release 2026-q4.1 are: “Write reports, sign affidavits, or give depositions for legal proceedings” (13/100, minimal); “Assess the physical security of servers, systems, or network devices to identify vulnerability to temperature, vandalism, or natural disasters” (14/100, minimal); “Meet with clients to discuss topics such as technical specifications, customized solutions, or operational problems” (17/100, minimal). Low scores usually mean the task needs a body in a room, a legally accountable human, or trust built in real time. Those are the three things the scoring rubric treats as gates rather than obstacles.

What should someone working in “Computer Occupations, All Other” do about AI?

Start from the ledger rather than the headline: 70% of this job's weighted core work is exposed, and roughly 9% is not. The practical move is to spend more of your week on the tasks that score low, the ones above, and to get fluent at directing AI through the tasks that score high, because those are the parts that change whether or not you are ready for them. This page does not predict your job, and nothing here is career advice tailored to you: the score describes the occupation, not the person.

How is the AI exposure score for Computer Occupations, All Other calculated?

Each official task statement for the occupation is rated on five published 0–4 dimensions (output replicability, physical embodiment, licensed accountability, real-time human trust, and data availability) by claude-opus-5 using scoring prompt task_scoring_v1.0. The model never writes the score; a published formula turns the five ratings into a 0–100 number, so every score can be recomputed by hand. The occupation figure is the importance-weighted mean across 215 scored tasks. The prompt, the rubric, the formula and the full dataset are published at https://futureproof.collab365.com/method and https://futureproof.collab365.com/data/2026-q4.1 under CC BY 4.0.

US dataswitch to UK

Computer Occupations, All Other

monitoring systems for intrusions or denial of service attacks, researching, testing and collecting, compiling. If that's your week, this page is about your job.

The honest answer

Most tasks in this job are the kind AI has learned to do: monitoring system operation to detect potential problems. The tasks, though, are not you.

Your move: three real directions from here ↓

Where the work sits, by task weight

shifting to AI: 70%
changing shape: 21%
staying human: 9%

These bars are tasks changing hands, not people being counted out. The ledger below shows which.

Whole-job exposure score 66 out of 100 (59–73 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, across 215 scored tasks. The number is the support for the sentence above it, not a headline about anyone’s future.

How we know this

What is measured: Every published task statement for computer occupations, all other is rated on five dimensions: can a model produce the output, does the work need a body in a room, does it need a legally accountable person, does it depend on a person being trusted in the moment, and how much data exists. A published formula turns those five ratings into the score; the model never writes the number.

How the bar is built: Each task’s share of the bar is its published importance weight, so a task you do all day counts for more than one you do twice a year.

Release: 2026-q4.1, scores computed 2026-08-04. Read the full method.

It would be a lie to soften that; conferring with project personnel to identify and resolve problems is what this work rebuilds around. Your move starts there.

Your week, as this page understands it

All computer occupations not listed separately. The job title says “computer occupations” or “all other”: officially one job, two names. The real job is the part underneath: conferring with project personnel to identify and resolve problems. That is the thing someone has to be right about.

The exposed part of this job is specific, and we won’t pretend it is coming back. But computer occupations, all other is not one task. It is 215 scored ones, and they are nowhere near equally exposed. The most durable of them, on this evidence, is conferring with project personnel to identify and resolve problems, and the ledger below shows exactly why.

Where the work sits, by task weight

shifting to AI: 70%
changing shape: 21%
staying human: 9%

These bars are tasks changing hands, not people being counted out. The ledger below shows which.

How we know this

How the bar is built: Each task’s share of the bar is its published importance weight, so a task you do all day counts for more than one you do twice a year.

Release: 2026-q4.1, scores computed 2026-08-04. Read the full method.

Your job, task by task

These are the official task statements for this occupation, in plain English, sorted by what the evidence says is happening to each one. The official wording sits under every line so you can check the rewrite against it.

22 of this occupation's scored task statements carry a score that was measured under a different occupation's context, because the statement is shared between jobs and has only been scored once so far. Each one names the occupation it was measured under in the free routes below; none is presented as a measurement for this job.
Task clusters are not derived in this release, so the task-cluster field is empty and no Collab365 Space routing is attached to this occupation yet.

Shifting to AI

151 tasks

Tasks today’s tools can already do most of. This is the part we will not soften: where these rows are the bulk of your week, the week changes.

Producing data layers, maps, tables or reports
This is reading one thing and writing another: data layers, maps, tables or reports in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 5 · Core
Source: “Produce data layers, maps, tables, or reports, using spatial analysis procedures or Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technology, equipment, or systems.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Producing map layers and reports from stored spatial data is processing work the software already drives.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Monitoring systems for intrusions or denial of service attacks
This is reading one thing and writing another: systems in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 5 · Core
Source: “Monitor systems for intrusions or denial of service attacks, and report security breaches to appropriate personnel.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Watching traffic for attacks and raising an alert is pattern-spotting in logs, which software does at scale.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Identifying standardize and communicating levels of access and security
This is reading one thing and writing another: standardize in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Identify, standardize, and communicate levels of access and security.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Working out who should have which access and writing it down is documentation from system records.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Correcting testing-identified problems or recommending actions for their resolution
This is reading one thing and writing another: testing-identified problems in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Correct testing-identified problems, or recommend actions for their resolution.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Test output points at the fault, and drafting the fix or the recommendation is text and code work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Changing shape

44 tasks

Tasks where the machine takes the producing and a person keeps the checking, the deciding, or the answering-for-it. For most jobs this is the biggest group, and it is where "transformation, not termination" is literally visible.

Managing project execution to ensure adherence
The software now makes the first pass at project execution, but the part that matters is a person saying it and standing behind it. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Manage project execution to ensure adherence to budget, schedule, and scope.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 40 out of 100 (33–47 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Tracking is easy to automate, but keeping a project on course means pushing and persuading people.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Providing technical expertise in Geographic Information Systems
The software now makes the first pass at technical expertise, but the part that matters is a person saying it and standing behind it. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Provide technical expertise in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technology to clients or users.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 40 out of 100 (33–47 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Being the expert people turn to means answering their particular questions live, back and forth.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Assisting in the assessment, acquisition or deployment of new electronic document management systems
The software now makes the first pass at the assessment, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Assist in the assessment, acquisition, or deployment of new electronic document management systems.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 49 out of 100 (42–56 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Choosing and bringing in a new system involves trials, budgets and other people's decisions.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Staying human

20 tasks

Tasks that stay with a person, because they happen in the physical world, because the rules need someone accountable, or because the value is that a specific person does them.

Conferring with project personnel to identify and resolve problems
The value here is that a specific person handles project personnel and stands behind it. That is earned, not computed.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Confer with project personnel to identify and resolve problems.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 23 out of 100 (16–30 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Problems surface and get resolved in conversation, and much of what matters is never written down.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Communicating with staff or clients to understand specific system requirements
The value here is that a specific person handles staff and stands behind it. That is earned, not computed.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Communicate with staff or clients to understand specific system requirements.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 23 out of 100 (16–30 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: What people actually need often comes out sideways in conversation and is not written down anywhere.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Assessing current or future customer needs and priorities by communicating directly with customers
The value here is that a specific person handles current or future customer needs and priorities and stands behind it. That is earned, not computed.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Assess current or future customer needs and priorities by communicating directly with customers, conducting surveys, or other methods.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 35 out of 100 (28–42 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Customers reveal their real priorities in conversation, and much of it is never written down.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 2/4.

Show the other 205 tasks

Writing and executing scripts to automate tasks
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: scripts in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Write and execute scripts to automate tasks, such as parsing large data files.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 100 out of 100 (96–100 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Writing scripts to parse data files is among the things software does fastest and most reliably.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 4/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 4/4.
Documenting design specifications, installation instructions and other system-related information
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: design specifications, installation instructions and other system-related information in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Document design specifications, installation instructions, and other system-related information.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 93 out of 100 (89–97 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Writing specifications and installation instructions is documentation software drafts well.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 4/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Monitoring system operation to detect potential problems
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: system operation in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Monitor system operation to detect potential problems.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 93 out of 100 (89–97 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Watching system behaviour for early signs of trouble is already largely automated and well suited to these tools.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 4/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Reviewing or updating Web page content or links in a timely manner
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: web page content in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Review or update Web page content or links in a timely manner, using appropriate tools.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 93 out of 100 (89–97 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Checking links and refreshing page content is routine editing that tools handle at speed.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 4/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Documenting installation or configuration procedures to allow maintenance and repetition
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: installation in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Document installation or configuration procedures to allow maintenance and repetition.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 93 out of 100 (89–97 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Writing down how something was installed so it can be repeated is documentation software drafts well.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 4/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Tracking, compiling and analyzing Web site usage data
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: web site usage data in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Track, compile, and analyze Web site usage data.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 93 out of 100 (89–97 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Site traffic data is already digital, and summarising it is exactly what analytics software is for.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 4/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Documenting application and Web site changes or change procedures
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: application in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Document application and Web site changes or change procedures.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 93 out of 100 (89–97 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Writing up what changed is documentation that software drafts straight from the change records.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 4/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Checking and analyzing operating system or application log files regularly to verify proper system performance
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: system in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Check and analyze operating system or application log files regularly to verify proper system performance.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 93 out of 100 (89–97 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Reading large log files for signs of trouble is something software does faster and more thoroughly than a person.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 4/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Preparing project status reports
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: project status reports in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Prepare project status reports by collecting, analyzing, and summarizing information and trends.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 93 out of 100 (89–97 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Status reports pull together data that already sits in the project tools, which software summarises well.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 4/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Retrieving electronic assets from repository for distribution
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: electronic assets in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Retrieve electronic assets from repository for distribution to users, collecting and returning to repository, if necessary.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 93 out of 100 (89–97 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Fetching and returning files in a repository is routine retrieval that systems already automate.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 4/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Preparing support documentation and training materials for end users of document management systems
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: support documentation in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 3 · Core
Source: “Prepare support documentation and training materials for end users of document management systems.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 93 out of 100 (89–97 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Writing user guides and training handouts is drafting work software does well.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 4/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Documenting technical functions and specifications for new or proposed content management systems
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: technical functions in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Document technical functions and specifications for new or proposed content management systems.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 93 out of 100 (89–97 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Writing up functions and specifications is documentation work software drafts well.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 4/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Analyzing, interpreting or disseminate system performance data
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: disseminate system performance data in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 3 · Supplemental
Source: “Analyze, interpret, or disseminate system performance data.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 93 out of 100 (89–97 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Summarising system performance figures is analysis of data that is already digital.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 4/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Identifying and classifying documents or other electronic content
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: documents in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Identify and classify documents or other electronic content according to characteristics such as security level, function, and metadata.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 93 out of 100 (89–97 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Sorting documents by type, sensitivity and metadata is exactly what automated classification does well.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 4/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Developing presentations on threat intelligence
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: presentations in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Develop presentations on threat intelligence.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 93 out of 100 (89–97 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Turning threat reports into a presentation is drafting and summarising work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 4/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Documenting penetration test findings
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: penetration test findings in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Document penetration test findings.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 93 out of 100 (89–97 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Writing up test findings is report drafting from results the tools already produced.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 4/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Preparing and submitting reports describing the results of security fixes
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: reports describing the results of security fixes in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Prepare and submit reports describing the results of security fixes.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 93 out of 100 (89–97 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Writing up what was fixed and what it achieved is standard report drafting.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 4/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Writing audit reports to communicate technical and procedural findings and recommend solutions
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: audit reports in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Write audit reports to communicate technical and procedural findings and recommend solutions.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 93 out of 100 (89–97 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Audit reports follow a set structure and are written from findings already recorded.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 4/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Scanning networks, using vulnerability assessment tools to identify vulnerabilities
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: networks in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Scan networks, using vulnerability assessment tools to identify vulnerabilities.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 93 out of 100 (89–97 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Vulnerability scanning is already a tool-driven job, and the results come out as structured reports.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 4/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Writing reports regarding investigations of information security breaches or network evaluations
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: reports regarding investigations of information security breaches in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Write reports regarding investigations of information security breaches or network evaluations.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 93 out of 100 (89–97 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Investigation reports are written from evidence already gathered, which is standard drafting work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 4/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Performing web service network traffic analysis or waveform analysis to detect anomalies
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: web service network traffic analysis in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Perform web service network traffic analysis or waveform analysis to detect anomalies, such as unusual events or trends.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 93 out of 100 (86–100 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Spotting unusual patterns in network traffic is something software does across far more data than a person can.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 4/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Writing technical summaries to report findings
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: technical summaries in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Write technical summaries to report findings.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 93 out of 100 (89–97 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Turning findings into a clear technical summary is drafting from material already gathered.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 4/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Determining specifications for or implementing logging
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: specifications in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Determine specifications for, or implement, logging.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 93 out of 100 (89–97 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Adding logging is routine, repetitive code, though what to log depends on the system.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 4/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Developing application-specific software
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: application-specific software in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 3 · Supplemental
Source: “Develop application-specific software.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 83 out of 100 (76–90 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Writing application software is well documented with abundant public examples to draw on.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 4/4.
Performing computer programming, data analysis or software development for Geographic Information Systems, GIS) applications
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: computer programming, data analysis or software development in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Perform computer programming, data analysis, or software development for Geographic Information Systems (GIS) applications, including the maintenance of existing systems or research and development for future enhancements.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 83 out of 100 (76–90 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Writing and maintaining code is well documented and heavily represented in public examples.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 4/4.
Documenting, designing, coding or testing Geographic Information Systems, GIS) models, internet mapping solutions or other applications
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: geographic information systems, gis) models in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Document, design, code, or test Geographic Information Systems (GIS) models, internet mapping solutions, or other applications.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 83 out of 100 (76–90 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Designing, coding and testing a mapping application is programming work with abundant public reference material.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 4/4.
Designing, programing or model Geographic Information Systems, GIS) applications or procedures
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: model geographic information systems, gis) applications or procedures in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Design, program, or model Geographic Information Systems (GIS) applications or procedures.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 83 out of 100 (76–90 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Programming and modelling follow documented methods with plenty of public examples.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 4/4.
Developing specialized computer software routines
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: specialized computer software routines in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Develop specialized computer software routines, internet-based Geographic Information Systems (GIS) databases, or business applications to customize geographic information.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 83 out of 100 (76–90 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Writing custom routines and web databases is software development, well covered by public documentation.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 4/4.
Keeping up with new penetration testing tools and methods
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: with new penetration testing tools in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Keep up with new penetration testing tools and methods.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 83 out of 100 (76–90 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: New tools and techniques are published openly, so keeping current is reading and summarising.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 4/4.
Maintaining up-to-date knowledge of hacking trends
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: up-to-date knowledge of hacking trends in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Maintain up-to-date knowledge of hacking trends.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 83 out of 100 (76–90 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Hacking trends are discussed openly online, so tracking them is reading widely available material.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 4/4.
Developing or implementing software tools to assist in the detection
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: software tools in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Develop or implement software tools to assist in the detection, prevention, and analysis of security threats.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 83 out of 100 (76–90 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Building detection tooling is software development, well covered by public documentation and examples.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 4/4.
Maintaining knowledge of laws, regulations, policies or other issuances pertaining to digital forensics or information privacy
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: knowledge of laws, regulations in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Maintain knowledge of laws, regulations, policies or other issuances pertaining to digital forensics or information privacy.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 83 out of 100 (76–90 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: The laws and policies are published in full, so tracking and summarising them suits software well.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 4/4.
Automating the deployment of software updates over geographically distributed network nodes
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: the deployment of software updates over geographically in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Automate the deployment of software updates over geographically distributed network nodes.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 83 out of 100 (76–90 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Automating rollouts across many nodes is scripting work with plenty of public reference material.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 4/4.
Designing and implementing data repositories to integrate data
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: data repositories in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Design and implement data repositories to integrate data.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 83 out of 100 (76–90 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Designing and building data stores is well-documented engineering with abundant public examples.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 4/4.
Developing a maintainable code base using object-oriented design principles
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: a maintainable code base in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Develop a maintainable code base using object-oriented design principles, practices, or patterns.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 83 out of 100 (76–90 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Writing clean, well-structured code is heavily documented and strongly represented in public examples.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 4/4.
Updating client and server applications responsible for integration and business logic
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: client in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Update client and server applications responsible for integration and business logic.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 83 out of 100 (76–90 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Updating application code is programming work with abundant public reference material.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 4/4.
Performing file signature analysis to verify files on storage media or discover potential hidden files
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: file signature analysis in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Perform file signature analysis to verify files on storage media or discover potential hidden files.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 81 out of 100 (77–85 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Comparing file signatures against known values is exact, repeatable work that tools do better than people.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 4/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Informing Web site users of problems
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: web site users of problems in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Inform Web site users of problems, problem resolutions, or application changes and updates.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 79 out of 100 (75–83 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Writing clear notices about outages and changes is standard drafting work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 4/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Monitoring or tracking project milestones and deliverables
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: project milestones in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Monitor or track project milestones and deliverables.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 79 out of 100 (75–83 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Tracking milestones and deliverables is record-keeping that project software already does.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 4/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Verifying stability, interoperability, portability, security or scalability of system architecture
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: stability, interoperability, portability in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Verify stability, interoperability, portability, security, or scalability of system architecture.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Checking an architecture against stability and scaling criteria is analysis of documented designs.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Evaluating current or emerging technologies to consider factors
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: current or emerging technologies in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 3 · Core
Source: “Evaluate current or emerging technologies to consider factors such as cost, portability, compatibility, or usability.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Comparing technologies on cost and fit works from published information and the current setup.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Identifying system data, hardware or software components required to meet user needs
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: system data, hardware or software components in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Identify system data, hardware, or software components required to meet user needs.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Working out which components meet a stated need is comparison against documented specifications.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Investigating system component suitability for specified purposes
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: system component suitability in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Investigate system component suitability for specified purposes, and make recommendations regarding component use.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Comparing components against a requirement works from published specifications.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Configuring servers to meet functional specifications
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: servers in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Configure servers to meet functional specifications.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Server configuration is written as settings and code, which software can produce and apply.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Establishing functional or system standards to address operational requirements
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: functional in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Establish functional or system standards to address operational requirements, quality requirements, and design constraints.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Setting standards follows published frameworks applied to documented requirements.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Evaluating existing systems to determine effectiveness
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: systems in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Evaluate existing systems to determine effectiveness, and suggest changes to meet organizational requirements.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Judging a system against what the organisation needs is analysis of records and requirements.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Researching, testing or verifying proper functioning of software patches and fixes
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: proper functioning of software patches in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Research, test, or verify proper functioning of software patches and fixes.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Patch testing is largely automated and the release notes are published.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Completing models and simulations, using manual or automated tools
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: models in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 3 · Core
Source: “Complete models and simulations, using manual or automated tools, to analyze or predict system performance under different operating conditions.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Building and running models to predict performance is computation with documented methods.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Performing security analyses of developed or packaged software components
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: security analyses in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Perform security analyses of developed or packaged software components.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Security analysis of software is well documented and tool-assisted, though findings need an expert's confirmation.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Backing up or modifying applications and related data to provide for disaster recovery
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: or modifying applications in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 5 · Core
Source: “Back up or modify applications and related data to provide for disaster recovery.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (71–79 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Backups are run by software already, and adjusting them is configuration work at a screen.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Determining sources of Web page or server problems
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: sources of web page in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Determine sources of Web page or server problems, and take action to correct such problems.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Tracing a server or page fault works from logs and error messages, all of which are readable data.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Implementing Web site security measures
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: web site security measures in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Implement Web site security measures, such as firewalls or message encryption.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Setting up firewall rules or encryption is configuration work with well-documented settings.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Administering internet or intranet infrastructure
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: internet in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Supplemental
Source: “Administer internet or intranet infrastructure, including Web, file, and mail servers.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Servers are administered remotely through commands and settings, which software can carry out.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Testing backup or recovery plans regularly and resolving any problems
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: backup in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Test backup or recovery plans regularly and resolve any problems.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Restore tests can be scripted and run automatically, with the failures reported back as text.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Implementing updates, upgrades and patches in a timely manner to limit loss of service
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: updates, upgrades and patches in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Implement updates, upgrades, and patches in a timely manner to limit loss of service.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Applying patches is already largely automated and the release notes are published.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Identifying or documenting backup or recovery plans
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: backup in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 5 · Core
Source: “Identify or document backup or recovery plans.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Backup and recovery plans follow well-known templates and the system list is already in digital form.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Gathering, analyzing or documenting user feedback to locate or resolve sources of problems
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: user feedback in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Gather, analyze, or document user feedback to locate or resolve sources of problems.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Feedback arrives as tickets and survey text, and sorting it into causes is reading and grouping work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Developing Web site performance metrics
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: web site performance metrics in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Develop Web site performance metrics.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Deciding which numbers to track and defining them is analysis work on data already collected.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Identifying or addressing interoperability requirements
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: interoperability requirements in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Identify or address interoperability requirements.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Checking what has to talk to what works from documented interfaces and specifications.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Testing issues, system integration, performance and system security on a regular schedule or after any major program modifications
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: issues, system integration, performance and system security in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Test issues such as system integration, performance, and system security on a regular schedule or after any major program modifications.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Running integration, load and security tests on a schedule is work test tools already automate.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Recommending Web site improvements and developing budgets to support recommendations
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: web site improvements in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Recommend Web site improvements, and develop budgets to support recommendations.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Suggesting improvements and costing them works from usage figures and published prices.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Developing or implementing procedures for ongoing Web site revision
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: procedures in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Develop or implement procedures for ongoing Web site revision.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Writing a repeatable revision process is procedure drafting from how the site already works.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Evaluating or recommending server hardware or software
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: server hardware in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 3 · Core
Source: “Evaluate or recommend server hardware or software.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Comparing hardware and software options works from published specifications and prices.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Developing or documenting style guidelines for Web site content
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: style guidelines in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Develop or document style guidelines for Web site content.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Style guidance follows well-known patterns, but it has to fit this organisation's own voice.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Developing and implementing marketing plans for home pages
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: plans in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 3 · Core
Source: “Develop and implement marketing plans for home pages, including print advertising or advertisement rotation.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Drafting a promotion plan and ad rotation is planning and copy work from traffic data.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Setting up or maintaining monitoring tools on Web servers or Web sites
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: or maintaining monitoring tools in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Set up or maintain monitoring tools on Web servers or Web sites.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Setting up monitoring is configuration work with well-documented tools.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Developing testing routines and procedures
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: routines in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 3 · Core
Source: “Develop testing routines and procedures.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Test cases can be generated from the specification, though coverage still needs a knowledgeable check.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Evaluating testing routines or procedures
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: routines in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Evaluate testing routines or procedures for adequacy, sufficiency, and effectiveness.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Judging whether tests cover enough is analysis of written test plans and results.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Testing new software packages for use in Web operations or other applications
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: new software packages in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 3 · Core
Source: “Test new software packages for use in Web operations or other applications.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Trying out new software against requirements is structured comparison work with published documentation.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Performing risk assessments to develop response strategies
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: risk assessments in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Perform risk assessments to develop response strategies.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Risk registers follow documented patterns and draft well from the project's own details.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Identifying need for initial or supplemental project resources
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: need in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Identify need for initial or supplemental project resources.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Spotting resource gaps comes from comparing the plan against what is actually assigned.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Developing implementation plans that include analyses
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: implementation plans in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Develop implementation plans that include analyses such as cost-benefit or return on investment (ROI).” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Cost-benefit and return-on-investment write-ups follow a standard shape and are drafted well from the project figures.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Developing and managing annual budgets for information technology projects
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: annual budgets in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Develop and manage annual budgets for information technology projects.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Building and tracking a budget is number work on figures already recorded.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Developing or updating project plans for information technology projects
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: project plans in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Develop or update project plans for information technology projects including information such as project objectives, technologies, systems, information specifications, schedules, funding, and staffing.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Project plans follow well-known structures and draft well from the known scope and schedule.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Developing and managing work breakdown structure
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: work breakdown structure in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Develop and manage work breakdown structure (WBS) of information technology projects.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Breaking work into a structured task list follows well-known patterns from the project scope.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Writing, reviewing or executing plans for testing new or established document management systems
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: plans in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Write, review, or execute plans for testing new or established document management systems.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Test plans can be written from the specification and many checks run automatically.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Proposing recommendations for improving content management system capabilities
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: recommendations in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Propose recommendations for improving content management system capabilities.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Suggesting improvements works from usage data and documented system capabilities.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Developing, documenting or maintaining standards, best practices or system usage procedures
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: standards, best practices or system usage procedures in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Develop, document, or maintain standards, best practices, or system usage procedures.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Standards and procedures follow known patterns, but they have to match how this organisation actually works.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Assisting in the development of document or content classification taxonomies to facilitate information capture
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: the development of document in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Assist in the development of document or content classification taxonomies to facilitate information capture, search, and retrieval.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Grouping content into categories is classification work software is strong at.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Administering document and system access rights and revision control to ensure security of system and integrity of master documents
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: document in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Administer document and system access rights and revision control to ensure security of system and integrity of master documents.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Managing access rights and versions is rule-based administration inside the system.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Developing or configuring document management system features
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: document management system features in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Develop or configure document management system features, such as user interfaces, access profiles, and document workflow procedures.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Setting up workflows, access profiles and screens is configuration work with documented options.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Designing or preparing graphic representations of Geographic Information Systems
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: graphic representations of geographic information systems in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 5 · Core
Source: “Design or prepare graphic representations of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) data, using GIS hardware or software applications.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Turning spatial data into a clear graphic follows documented cartographic rules on data that is already digital.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Maintaining or modifying existing Geographic Information Systems
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: geographic information systems in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Maintain or modify existing Geographic Information Systems (GIS) databases.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Updating and tidying a spatial database is structured data work at a screen.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Reviewing existing or incoming data
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: data in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Review existing or incoming data for currency, accuracy, usefulness, quality, or completeness of documentation.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Checking data for gaps, staleness or errors is a comparison job software runs consistently.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Performing geospatial data building, modeling or analysis, using advanced spatial analysis, data manipulation or cartography software
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: geospatial data building, modeling or analysis in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Perform geospatial data building, modeling, or analysis, using advanced spatial analysis, data manipulation, or cartography software.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Spatial modelling and analysis run inside software using documented methods on digital data.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Performing integrated or computerized Geographic Information Systems
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: integrated in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Perform integrated or computerized Geographic Information Systems (GIS) analyses to address scientific problems.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Running spatial analysis to answer a research question is computation on data already held.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Selecting cartographic elements needed for effective presentation of information
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: cartographic elements in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Select cartographic elements needed for effective presentation of information.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Choosing scale bars, labels and legends follows well-established map design conventions.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Interpreting aerial or ortho photographs
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: aerial in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Interpret aerial or ortho photographs.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Reading features off aerial imagery is now something image software does reliably for common cases.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Creating, analyzing, reporting, converting or transferring data, using specialized applications program software
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: data in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Create, analyze, report, convert, or transfer data, using specialized applications program software.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Converting and reporting data is routine, though it runs through specialist software with its own quirks.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Making recommendations regarding upgrades
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: recommendations regarding upgrades in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Make recommendations regarding upgrades, considering implications of new or revised Geographic Information Systems (GIS) software, equipment, or applications.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Weighing up an upgrade works from release notes, prices and the current setup.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Creating visual representations of geospatial data
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: visual representations of geospatial data in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 3 · Core
Source: “Create visual representations of geospatial data, using complex procedures such as analytical modeling, three-dimensional renderings, or plot creation.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Building 3D views and plots from spatial data is rendering work the software performs.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Conducting research, data analysis, systems design or supporting
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: research, data analysis, systems design in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Conduct research, data analysis, systems design, or support for software such as Geographic Information Systems (GIS) or Global Positioning Systems (GPS) mapping software.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Research, analysis and design around mapping software is desk work on documented systems.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Recommending procedures, equipment or software upgrades to increase data accessibility or ease
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: procedures, equipment or software upgrades in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Recommend procedures, equipment, or software upgrades to increase data accessibility or ease of use.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Recommending upgrades works from documented product features and how the current setup is used.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Conducting network and security system audits
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: network in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Conduct network and security system audits, using established criteria.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Auditing against a written checklist is structured comparison work that tools already automate.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Configuring information systems to incorporate principles of least functionality and least access
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: information systems in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Configure information systems to incorporate principles of least functionality and least access.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Locking systems down to minimum access is configuration work with documented settings.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Designing security solutions to address known device vulnerabilities
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: security solutions in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Design security solutions to address known device vulnerabilities.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Fixes for known weaknesses are published, so proposing the right one is documented analysis.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Developing and executing tests that simulate the techniques of known cyber threat actors
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: tests in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Develop and execute tests that simulate the techniques of known cyber threat actors.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Known attacker techniques are catalogued publicly, so building tests that copy them is documented work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Developing infiltration tests that exploit device vulnerabilities
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: infiltration tests in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Develop infiltration tests that exploit device vulnerabilities.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Building an exploit test for a known weakness is coding against published research.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Developing security penetration testing processes
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: security penetration testing processes in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Develop security penetration testing processes, such as wireless, data networks, and telecommunication security tests.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Writing the testing process itself is procedure drafting from published methods.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Evaluating vulnerability assessments of local computing environments
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: vulnerability assessments of local computing environments in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Evaluate vulnerability assessments of local computing environments, networks, infrastructures, or enclave boundaries.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Reviewing an assessment means reading findings against documented standards.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Gathering cyber intelligence to identify vulnerabilities
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: cyber intelligence in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Gather cyber intelligence to identify vulnerabilities.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Collecting and sifting intelligence from published and internal sources is search-and-summarise work software does well.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Identifying security system weaknesses, using penetration tests
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: security system weaknesses in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Identify security system weaknesses, using penetration tests.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Much of penetration testing runs through tools whose findings can be produced and read automatically.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Investigating security incidents, using computer forensics, network forensics, root cause analysis or malware analysis
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: security incidents in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Investigate security incidents, using computer forensics, network forensics, root cause analysis, or malware analysis.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Incident investigation works from logs, files and network captures, all of which are digital evidence.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Testing the security of systems by attempting to gain access
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: the security of systems in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Test the security of systems by attempting to gain access to networks, Web-based applications, or computers.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Attempting access uses documented tools and techniques against systems reachable over the network.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Assessing the quality of security controls
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: the quality of security controls in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Assess the quality of security controls, using performance indicators.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Measuring controls against agreed indicators is calculation on data the systems already record.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Conducting investigations of information security breaches to identify vulnerabilities and evaluate the damage
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: investigations of information security breaches in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Conduct investigations of information security breaches to identify vulnerabilities and evaluate the damage.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Breach investigation works from logs and system records, which are digital and searchable.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Developing information security standards and best practices
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: information security standards in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Develop information security standards and best practices.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Security standards follow published frameworks, but they must be shaped to this organisation.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Developing or installing software, such as firewalls and data encryption programs, to protect sensitive information
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: software in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Develop or install software, such as firewalls and data encryption programs, to protect sensitive information.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Installing and tuning firewalls or encryption is configuration and coding work with documented settings.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Developing response and recovery strategies for security breaches
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: response in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Develop response and recovery strategies for security breaches.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Response and recovery playbooks follow well-documented patterns applied to a known system list.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Identifying or implementing solutions to information security problems
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: solutions in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Identify or implement solutions to information security problems.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Known security problems have documented fixes, and applying them is configuration and code work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Identifying security system weaknesses, using penetration tests
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: security system weaknesses in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 5 · Core
Source: “Identify security system weaknesses, using penetration tests.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Much of penetration testing runs through tools whose findings can be produced and read automatically.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Troubleshooting security and network problems
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: security in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Troubleshoot security and network problems.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Network and security faults are diagnosed from logs and configuration, which are readable data.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Conducting predictive or reactive analyses on security measures to support cyber security initiatives
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: predictive in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Conduct predictive or reactive analyses on security measures to support cyber security initiatives.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: This is data analysis against documented methods, which software carries out quickly and reliably.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Recommending cyber defense software or hardware to support responses to cyber incidents
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: cyber defense software in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Recommend cyber defense software or hardware to support responses to cyber incidents.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Recommending tools works from published product information and what the incident showed.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Writing cyber defense recommendations, reports or white papers using research or experience
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: cyber defense recommendations, reports or white papers in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Write cyber defense recommendations, reports, or white papers using research or experience.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Drafting recommendations and papers is writing work, though hard-won experience shapes the judgement.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Assessing blockchain threats, such as untested code and unprotected keys
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: blockchain threats in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Assess blockchain threats, such as untested code and unprotected keys.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Known weaknesses like untested code or exposed keys are documented and can be checked systematically.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Designing and implementing dashboard and data visualizations to meet customer reporting needs
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: dashboard in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Design and implement dashboard and data visualizations to meet customer reporting needs.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Dashboards are built from documented charting tools, shaped by what this customer wants to see.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Evaluating blockchain processes or risks based on security assessments or controlling matrix reviews
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: blockchain processes in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Evaluate blockchain processes or risks based on security assessments or control matrix reviews.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Assessing processes against a control checklist is structured review of written material.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Evaluating new blockchain technologies and vendor products
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: new blockchain technologies in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Evaluate new blockchain technologies and vendor products.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Comparing technologies and vendor products works from published documentation and trials.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Implementing catastrophic failure handlers to identify security breaches and prevent serious damage
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: catastrophic failure handlers in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Implement catastrophic failure handlers to identify security breaches and prevent serious damage.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Failure handling follows documented patterns and is written as code.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Running infrastructure tests to examine the behavior of large peer-to-peer networks
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: infrastructure tests in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Run infrastructure tests to examine the behavior of large peer-to-peer networks.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Infrastructure tests are scripted and run automatically, producing results as data.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Testing the security and performance of blockchain infrastructures
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: the security in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Test the security and performance of blockchain infrastructures.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Security and performance testing runs through documented tools that report their own findings.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Monitoring regulatory activity to maintain compliance with records and document management laws
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: regulatory activity in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Monitor regulatory activity to maintain compliance with records and document management laws.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 72 out of 100 (65–79 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Records laws are published and widely analysed, so tracking changes is reading work; lawyers judge the impact.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 4/4.
Searching electronic sources, such as databases or repositories or manual sources for information
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: electronic sources in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 3 · Core
Source: “Search electronic sources, such as databases or repositories, or manual sources for information.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 69 out of 100 (65–73 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Searching digital repositories is a machine strength, though paper sources still need someone to look.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 4/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Assisting in determining document management policies to facilitate efficient
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: determining document management policies in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 5 · Core
Source: “Assist in determining document management policies to facilitate efficient, legal, and secure access to electronic content.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 66 out of 100 (59–73 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Policy drafting works from published legal requirements, with lawyers signing off separately.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Updating corporate policies to improve cyber security
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: corporate policies in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Update corporate policies to improve cyber security.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 66 out of 100 (59–73 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Policy text drafts well from published standards, though management approves the final wording.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Reviewing security assessments for computing environments or checking for compliance with cybersecurity standards and regulations
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: security assessments in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Review security assessments for computing environments or check for compliance with cybersecurity standards and regulations.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 66 out of 100 (59–73 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Checking work against written standards is comparison work; formal compliance sign-off sits elsewhere.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Analyzing log files or other digital information to identify the perpetrators of network intrusions
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: log files in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Analyze log files or other digital information to identify the perpetrators of network intrusions.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 66 out of 100 (59–73 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Log analysis to trace an intruder is pattern work on digital records, with conclusions checked by others.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Developing plans for investigating alleged computer crimes
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: plans in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Develop plans for investigating alleged computer crimes, violations, or suspicious activity.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 66 out of 100 (59–73 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Investigation plans follow documented procedure, with legal staff reviewing the approach.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Developing policies or requirements for data collection
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: policies in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Develop policies or requirements for data collection, processing, or reporting.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 66 out of 100 (59–73 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Writing collection and reporting requirements is procedure drafting from published guidance.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Providing technical guidance or supporting for the development or troubleshooting of systems
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: technical guidance in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Provide technical guidance or support for the development or troubleshooting of systems.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 64 out of 100 (57–71 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Most guidance can be written down, though helping someone stuck happens live.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Providing customers or installation teams guidelines for implementing secure systems
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: customers in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Provide customers or installation teams guidelines for implementing secure systems.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 64 out of 100 (57–71 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Implementation guidance follows documented security practice and is handed over as written material.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Developing or approving project plans
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: project plans in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 3 · Core
Source: “Develop or approve project plans, schedules, or budgets.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 64 out of 100 (57–71 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Plans, schedules and budgets draft well from known tasks, though approving them is a person's call.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Communicating project information through presentations
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: project information in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 3 · Core
Source: “Communicate project information through presentations, technical reports, or white papers.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 64 out of 100 (57–71 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Reports and papers draft well, but standing up and presenting is done by a person.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Performing user testing or usage analyses to determine Web sites' effectiveness or usability
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: user in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Perform user testing or usage analyses to determine Web sites' effectiveness or usability.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 64 out of 100 (57–71 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Usage figures analyse well automatically, though watching real people use a site still involves people.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Submitting project deliverables, ensuring adherence to quality standards
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: project deliverables, ensuring adherence in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Submit project deliverables, ensuring adherence to quality standards.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 64 out of 100 (57–71 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Checking deliverables against written quality standards is structured comparison work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Initiating, reviewing or approving modifications to project plans
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: modifications in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Initiate, review, or approve modifications to project plans.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 64 out of 100 (57–71 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Reworking a plan drafts well from known tasks, though approving the change is a person's decision.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Establishing and executing a project communication plan
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: a project communication plan in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Establish and execute a project communication plan.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 64 out of 100 (57–71 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: A communication plan drafts well; carrying it out means actually talking to people.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Consulting with end users regarding problems in accessing electronic content
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: end users regarding problems in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Consult with end users regarding problems in accessing electronic content.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 64 out of 100 (57–71 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Most access problems have documented causes and written answers are already normal.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Designing or coordinating the development of integrated Geographic Information Systems
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: the development of integrated geographic information systems in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Design or coordinate the development of integrated Geographic Information Systems (GIS) spatial or non-spatial databases.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 64 out of 100 (57–71 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Database design follows documented patterns, though pulling several teams' data together involves people.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Providing technical support to users or clients regarding the maintenance
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: technical support in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Provide technical support to users or clients regarding the maintenance, development, or operation of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) databases, equipment, or applications.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 64 out of 100 (57–71 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Most support questions have documented answers, and written help is already normal.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Preparing training materials for or making presentations to, Geographic Information Systems, GIS) users
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: materials in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 3 · Core
Source: “Prepare training materials for, or make presentations to, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) users.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 64 out of 100 (57–71 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Training slides and handouts draft well, but standing up and presenting them is a person's job.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Collecting stakeholder data to evaluate risk and to develop mitigation strategies
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: stakeholder data in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Collect stakeholder data to evaluate risk and to develop mitigation strategies.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 64 out of 100 (57–71 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Once the information is gathered, weighing risks and drafting mitigations is analysis and writing.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Coordinating documentation of computer security or emergency measure policies
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: documentation of computer security in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Coordinate documentation of computer security or emergency measure policies, procedures, or tests.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 64 out of 100 (57–71 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: The documents themselves draft well; pulling contributions from several teams involves people.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Coordinating monitoring of networks or systems for security breaches or intrusions
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: networks in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Coordinate monitoring of networks or systems for security breaches or intrusions.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 64 out of 100 (57–71 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Monitoring itself is automated; the coordination part means keeping other people in step.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Coordinating vulnerability assessments or analysis of information security systems
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: vulnerability assessments in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Coordinate vulnerability assessments or analysis of information security systems.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 64 out of 100 (57–71 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: The assessments run through tools, though coordinating several teams involves people.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Recommending information security enhancements to management
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: information security enhancements in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Recommend information security enhancements to management.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 64 out of 100 (57–71 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: The case for an improvement writes well from evidence, though it is put to managers in person.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Defining and analyzing objectives, scope, issues or organizational impact of information systems
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at objectives, scope, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Define and analyze objectives, scope, issues, or organizational impact of information systems.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 58 out of 100 (51–65 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Framing what a system is for and what it will change needs judgement about the organisation.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Developing system engineering, software engineering, system integration or distributed system architectures
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at system engineering, software engineering, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Develop system engineering, software engineering, system integration, or distributed system architectures.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 58 out of 100 (51–65 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Architecture design still leans on hard-won judgement; drafts need substantial expert rework.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Developing efficient and effective system controllers
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at efficient, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 3 · Core
Source: “Develop efficient and effective system controllers.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 58 out of 100 (51–65 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Controller design is specialised engineering where an expert still does most of the shaping.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Applying three-dimensional, 3D) or four-dimensional
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at three-dimensional, 3d) or four-dimensional, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 3 · Supplemental
Source: “Apply three-dimensional (3D) or four-dimensional (4D) technologies to geospatial data to allow for new or different analyses or applications.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 58 out of 100 (51–65 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Three- and four-dimensional geospatial work is specialised enough that an expert still does most of the shaping.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Identifying new threat tactics, techniques or procedures used by cyber threat actors
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at new threat tactics, techniques or procedures, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Identify new threat tactics, techniques, or procedures used by cyber threat actors.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 58 out of 100 (51–65 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Spotting genuinely new attacker methods is research where an experienced person still leads.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Identifying or developing reverse-engineering tools to improve system capabilities or detect vulnerabilities
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at tools, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Identify or develop reverse-engineering tools to improve system capabilities or detect vulnerabilities.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 58 out of 100 (51–65 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Reverse-engineering tooling is deep, specialised work where an expert still leads.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Designing and deploying blockchain design patterns to make transactions secure
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at blockchain design patterns, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Design and deploy blockchain design patterns to make transactions secure, transparent, and immutable.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 58 out of 100 (51–65 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Security-critical design patterns still need an experienced engineer to get right, with mistakes hard to spot.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Designing and developing blockchain technologies
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at blockchain technologies, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Design and develop blockchain technologies for industries such as finance and music.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 58 out of 100 (51–65 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Building a system for a specific industry needs judgement an expert supplies; drafts still need heavy rework.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Designing and conducting hardware or software tests
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at hardware, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Design and conduct hardware or software tests.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 56 out of 100 (49–63 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Software tests automate well, but hardware testing means rigs and cables someone has to set up.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Exercising security surveillance over document processing
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at security surveillance over document, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Exercise security surveillance over document processing, reproduction, distribution, storage, or archiving.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 56 out of 100 (49–63 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Monitoring is largely automatic, though physical storage and copying areas still need eyes on them.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Implementing scanning or other automated data entry procedures
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at other automated data entry procedures, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 3 · Core
Source: “Implement scanning or other automated data entry procedures, using imaging devices and document imaging software.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 56 out of 100 (49–63 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Setting up capture rules is software work, but the imaging devices are physical and need loading.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Operating data capture technology to import digitized documents into document management system
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at data capture technology, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Operate data capture technology to import digitized documents into document management system.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 56 out of 100 (49–63 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Import runs in software, but paper still has to be put through a scanner by someone.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Preparing and recording changes to official documents and confirm changes with legal and compliance management staff
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at changes, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Prepare and record changes to official documents and confirm changes with legal and compliance management staff, including enterprise-wide records management staff.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 56 out of 100 (49–63 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: The changes themselves are straightforward to prepare, but legal and compliance staff confirm them.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Entering data into Geographic Information Systems
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at data, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Enter data into Geographic Information Systems (GIS) databases, using techniques such as coordinate geometry, keyboard entry of tabular data, manual digitizing of maps, scanning or automatic conversion to vectors, or conversion of other sources of digital data.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 56 out of 100 (49–63 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Automatic conversion handles most of it, but paper maps still have to be put on a scanner by someone.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Collecting, compiling or integrating Geographic Information Systems, GIS) data
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at geographic information systems, gis) data, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Collect, compile, or integrate Geographic Information Systems (GIS) data, such as remote sensing or cartographic data for inclusion in map manuscripts.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 56 out of 100 (49–63 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Most data is downloaded, though some collection still means going out with equipment.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Transferring or rescaling information from original photographs onto maps or other photographs
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at information, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 3 · Core
Source: “Transfer or rescale information from original photographs onto maps or other photographs.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 56 out of 100 (49–63 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Rescaling and georeferencing is software work, though original photographs sometimes have to be handled first.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Creating system images or capture network settings from information technology environments to preserve as evidence
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at system images, but someone has to be answerable for the result, and it cannot be the software. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Create system images or capture network settings from information technology environments to preserve as evidence.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 56 out of 100 (49–63 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; someone qualified has to answer for it.
The rating behind it: Imaging is tool-driven, but the device must be reached physically and a responsible examiner must stand behind it.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Maintaining cyber defense software or hardware to support responses to cyber incidents
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at cyber defense software, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Maintain cyber defense software or hardware to support responses to cyber incidents.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 56 out of 100 (49–63 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Software upkeep is remote, though defence appliances are physical boxes that occasionally need attention.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Performing forensic investigations of operating or filing systems
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at forensic investigations, but someone has to be answerable for the result, and it cannot be the software. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Perform forensic investigations of operating or file systems.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 56 out of 100 (49–63 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; someone qualified has to answer for it.
The rating behind it: Much of this analysis is tool-driven, though an accountable examiner directs it and stands behind the findings.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Monitoring Web developments through continuing education
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at web developments, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Monitor Web developments through continuing education, reading, or participation in professional conferences, workshops, or groups.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 53 out of 100 (46–60 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Keeping current mostly means reading published material, which software summarises well, though events are in person.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 4/4.
Keeping abreast of developments in document management technologies and techniques by reviewing current literature
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at abreast of developments, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Keep abreast of developments in document management technologies and techniques by reviewing current literature, talking with colleagues, participating in educational programs, attending meetings or workshops, or participating in professional organizations or conferences.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 53 out of 100 (46–60 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Staying current is mostly reading published material, though meetings and workshops mean being somewhere.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 4/4.
Reading current literature, talk with colleagues
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at current literature, talk, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Read current literature, talk with colleagues, continue education, or participate in professional organizations or conferences to keep abreast of developments in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technology, equipment, or systems.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 53 out of 100 (46–60 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Keeping up is mostly reading published material, which summarises well, though conferences involve going somewhere.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 4/4.
Providing advice on project costs
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at advice, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 3 · Core
Source: “Provide advice on project costs, design concepts, or design changes.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 49 out of 100 (42–56 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Advice on costs and design changes mixes documented figures with judgement about this project.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Installing or configuring Web server software or hardware to ensure that directory structure
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at web server software, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Install or configure Web server software or hardware to ensure that directory structure is well-defined, logical, and secure, and that files are named properly.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 49 out of 100 (42–56 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Software installation and configuration is scriptable, but any hardware side of it needs someone present.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Implementing electronic document processing, retrieval and distribution systems in collaboration with other information technology specialists
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at electronic document processing, retrieval and distribution systems, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Implement electronic document processing, retrieval, and distribution systems in collaboration with other information technology specialists.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 49 out of 100 (42–56 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Rolling out a document system is a project that depends on other teams' work as much as any document.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Overseeing development of plans to safeguard computer files against accidental or unauthorized modification
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at development of plans, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Oversee development of plans to safeguard computer files against accidental or unauthorized modification, destruction, or disclosure or to meet emergency data processing needs.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 49 out of 100 (42–56 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Overseeing other people's plans is a supervision job as much as a drafting one.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Overseeing performance of risk assessment or execution of system tests to ensure the functioning of data processing activities or security measures
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at performance of risk assessment, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Oversee performance of risk assessment or execution of system tests to ensure the functioning of data processing activities or security measures.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 49 out of 100 (42–56 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Overseeing means making sure other people's testing actually happens and is done properly.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Providing technical support to computer users for installation and use of security products
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at technical support, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 3 · Core
Source: “Provide technical support to computer users for installation and use of security products.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 48 out of 100 (41–55 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Most support questions have documented answers, though some installs need someone at the desk.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Identifying, reviewing or selecting vendors or consultants to meet project needs
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at vendors, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Identify, review, or select vendors or consultants to meet project needs.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 43 out of 100 (36–50 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Shortlisting and comparing vendors suits software, though the final choice often rests on prior dealings.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Recovering data or decrypt seized data
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at data, but someone has to be answerable for the result, and it cannot be the software. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Recover data or decrypt seized data.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 42 out of 100 (35–49 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; someone qualified has to answer for it.
The rating behind it: Recovery tools do the work, but the media is physical and a qualified examiner stands behind the result.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Collaborating with engineers or software developers to select appropriate design solutions or ensure the compatibility of system components
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at engineers, but the part that matters is a person saying it and standing behind it. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Collaborate with engineers or software developers to select appropriate design solutions or ensure the compatibility of system components.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 40 out of 100 (33–47 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Choosing a design together is a discussion between engineers, where the agreement is the real output.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Training system users in system operation or maintenance
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at system users, but the part that matters is a person saying it and standing behind it. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 3 · Core
Source: “Train system users in system operation or maintenance.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 40 out of 100 (33–47 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Training materials can be drafted, but teaching users happens between people.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Collaborating with development teams
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at development teams, but the part that matters is a person saying it and standing behind it. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Collaborate with development teams to discuss, analyze, or resolve usability issues.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 40 out of 100 (33–47 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: The value here is the back-and-forth with the development team, not a document that can be produced alone.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Collaborating with Web developers to create and operate internal and external Web sites
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at web developers, but the part that matters is a person saying it and standing behind it. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Collaborate with Web developers to create and operate internal and external Web sites, or to manage projects, such as e-marketing campaigns.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 40 out of 100 (33–47 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: This is joint work with developers where the discussion and agreement are the point.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Providing training or technical assistance in Web site implementation
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at technical assistance, but the part that matters is a person saying it and standing behind it. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Provide training or technical assistance in Web site implementation or use.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 40 out of 100 (33–47 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Training materials can be drafted, but helping someone who is stuck happens live between people.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Scheduling and facilitating meetings related to information technology projects
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at meetings, but the part that matters is a person saying it and standing behind it. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Schedule and facilitate meetings related to information technology projects.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 40 out of 100 (33–47 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Booking a meeting is easy to automate, but running one well depends on the person in the room.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Conducting needs assessments to identify document management requirements of departments or end users
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at needs assessments, but the part that matters is a person saying it and standing behind it. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Conduct needs assessments to identify document management requirements of departments or end users.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 40 out of 100 (33–47 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Finding out what departments really need means asking them and reading between the lines.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Conferring with users
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at users, but the part that matters is a person saying it and standing behind it. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Confer with users to analyze, configure, or troubleshoot applications.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 40 out of 100 (33–47 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Working out what a user actually needs happens through conversation with them.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Assisting users in formulating Geographic Information Systems
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at users, but the part that matters is a person saying it and standing behind it. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 3 · Core
Source: “Assist users in formulating Geographic Information Systems (GIS) requirements or understanding the implications of alternatives.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 40 out of 100 (33–47 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Helping someone pin down what they want and see the trade-offs is a live discussion.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Training staff on and overseeing the use of, information security standards, policies and best practices
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at staff, but the part that matters is a person saying it and standing behind it. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Train staff on, and oversee the use of, information security standards, policies, and best practices.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 40 out of 100 (33–47 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Materials can be drafted, but training staff and keeping them to it happens between people.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Designing and verifying cryptographic protocols to protect private information
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at cryptographic protocols, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Design and verify cryptographic protocols to protect private information.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 40 out of 100 (33–47 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over.
The rating behind it: Getting cryptography right is unforgiving specialist work where a small mistake breaks everything.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Directing the installation of operating systems
staying human
The ratings behind this row put the installation of operating systems well outside what today's tools can do on their own.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Direct the installation of operating systems, network or application software, or computer or network hardware.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 37 out of 100 (30–44 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Directing an install means someone on site with the hardware and a person keeping the work on track.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Coordinating recruitment or selection of project personnel
staying human
The value here is that a specific person handles recruitment and stands behind it. That is earned, not computed.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Coordinate recruitment or selection of project personnel.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 35 out of 100 (28–42 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Sifting applications is easy, but choosing who joins a team rests on judgement about people.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Assigning duties, responsibilities and spans of authority to project personnel
staying human
The value here is that a specific person handles duties, responsibilities and spans of authority and stands behind it. That is earned, not computed.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Assign duties, responsibilities, and spans of authority to project personnel.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 35 out of 100 (28–42 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Handing out duties and authority is a decision people accept because of who makes it.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Adhering to legal policies and procedures related to handling digital media
staying human
The rules require a named, qualified person to answer for legal policies, and that person cannot be a piece of software.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Adhere to legal policies and procedures related to handling digital media.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 32 out of 100 (25–39 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; someone qualified has to answer for it.
The rating behind it: Software can state the rules, but handling evidence lawfully is done by a trained, accountable person.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Performing ongoing hardware and software maintenance operations
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: hardware, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Perform ongoing hardware and software maintenance operations, including installing or upgrading hardware or software.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 29 out of 100 (22–36 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Software upgrades are remote, but hardware maintenance means hands in the rack.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Directing the analysis, development and operation of complete computer systems
staying human
The value here is that a specific person handles the analysis and stands behind it. That is earned, not computed.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Direct the analysis, development, and operation of complete computer systems.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 28 out of 100 (21–35 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Directing a whole programme of work is about steering people and decisions, not producing a document.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Monitoring the performance of project team members
staying human
The value here is that a specific person handles the performance of project team members and stands behind it. That is earned, not computed.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Monitor the performance of project team members, providing and documenting performance feedback.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 28 out of 100 (21–35 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Performance feedback lands because a specific manager gives it, and the useful evidence is not all written down.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 3/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Duplicating digital evidence to use for data recovery and analysis procedures
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: digital evidence, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Duplicate digital evidence to use for data recovery and analysis procedures.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 28 out of 100 (21–35 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.
The rating behind it: Copying is automated, but the drives are physical and a responsible examiner must vouch for the copy.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Discussing and planning systems with solution architects
staying human
The value here is that a specific person handles systems and stands behind it. That is earned, not computed.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Discuss and plan systems with solution architects, system engineers, or cybersecurity experts to meet customer requirements.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 28 out of 100 (21–35 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Planning a system with architects and security people is a live discussion where agreement is the output.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Discussing data needs with engineers
staying human
The value here is that a specific person handles data needs and stands behind it. That is earned, not computed.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Discuss data needs with engineers, product managers, or data scientists to identify blockchain requirements.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 28 out of 100 (21–35 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Pinning down what other teams actually need happens through conversation.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Directing or coordinating activities of project personnel
staying human
The value here is that a specific person handles activities of project personnel and stands behind it. That is earned, not computed.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Direct or coordinate activities of project personnel.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 23 out of 100 (16–30 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Directing a team is about people responding to a person, not a document being produced.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Preserving and maintaining digital forensic evidence for analysis
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: digital forensic evidence, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Preserve and maintain digital forensic evidence for analysis.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 22 out of 100 (15–29 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.
The rating behind it: Forensic methods are documented, but devices and exhibits must be physically handled under strict rules.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Discussing security solutions with information technology teams or management
staying human
The value here is that a specific person handles security solutions and stands behind it. That is earned, not computed.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Discuss security solutions with information technology teams or management.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 21 out of 100 (14–28 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Discussing security options with IT or managers is a conversation, though the options can be prepared.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Negotiating with project stakeholders or suppliers to obtain resources or materials
staying human
The value here is that a specific person handles project stakeholders and stands behind it. That is earned, not computed.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Negotiate with project stakeholders or suppliers to obtain resources or materials.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 18 out of 100 (11–25 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Negotiation turns on a live relationship with the other side and on what each will privately accept.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 3/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Meeting with clients to discuss topics
staying human
The value here is that a specific person handles clients and stands behind it. That is earned, not computed.
importance 4 · Core
Source: “Meet with clients to discuss topics such as technical specifications, customized solutions, or operational problems.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 17 out of 100 (10–24 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: A client meeting works because two people talk it through, and much of what matters is unwritten.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Assessing the physical security of servers
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: the physical security of servers, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Assess the physical security of servers, systems, or network devices to identify vulnerability to temperature, vandalism, or natural disasters.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 14 out of 100 (7–21 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Judging whether a server room is safe from heat, flooding or break-ins means walking round it.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Writing reports, sign affidavits or give depositions for legal proceedings
staying human
The rules require a named, qualified person to answer for reports, sign affidavits or give depositions, and that person cannot be a piece of software.
importance not published
O*NET hasn't yet published importance ratings for this occupation's tasks, so the ordering here is ours, not theirs.
Source: “Write reports, sign affidavits, or give depositions for legal proceedings.” (O*NET task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 13 out of 100 (9–17 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; someone qualified has to answer for it.
The rating behind it: An affidavit or deposition is a sworn statement by a named person, which only a human can give.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 4/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

What this job pays, and how many people do it

Median pay: $116,580a year, the middle of the range, so half earn more and half earn less.bls-oews, 2025 · May 2025 estimates (national_M2025_dl.xlsx)
How we know this
Source: bls-oews
Reference period: May 2025 estimates (national_M2025_dl.xlsx)
Rounding: Shown as published.
People doing this job: 435,370in the US, 2025.bls-oews · May 2025 estimates (national_M2025_dl.xlsx)

What is deliberately not here: a forecast of how many of these jobs exist in ten years. Where an official projection exists for a market we publish it with its vintage; where it does not, we leave the space empty rather than borrow the other country’s number.

Why this is shifting

The reason is boringly specific. Most of what is shifting here is reading one thing and writing another: system operation in, a record out. The rows above are exactly that shape: monitoring system operation to detect potential problems and producing data layers, maps, tables or reports. What it cannot do is be trusted in person, which is what project personnel runs on: someone specific doing it and standing behind it. Which is why this page talks about your tasks changing, not your job ending.

Your move

Over a pint: what I’d tell you if you were my friend

The exposed part of your job is the biggest part, and I am not going to dress that up: monitoring system operation to detect potential problems is work today's tools do quickly and cheaply, and that is not coming back.

So, given all that: 70% of this job's task weight sits in rows the software is already learning, 21% in rows that change shape rather than disappear, and 9% in rows it is nowhere near. That is the position, measured across 215 scored tasks. It is not a forecast about you.

What you have that the software does not is conferring with project personnel to identify and resolve problems, plus the years of knowing when something looks wrong before you can say why. That is the raw material for everything below.

This week: one thing

Sit on the machine's side of the desk. Pick one real piece of system operation you would normally do yourself, let whatever software you already have take the first pass at it, and then go through what it produced and write down every single thing it got wrong. One evening this week. Do not fix anything yet. Just catch it.

What you end up holding: a written list of the machine’s mistakes, in your handwriting
How long it takes: an evening, or an hour if you pick one job rather than one client

If you can’t run software on your employer’s or your clients’ data: Do the same hunt on paper. Take one printed piece of system operation, work through it the way you always do, and mark every point where you made a call rather than followed a rule. Same evening, same list, nothing to log into and nobody to ask permission from. That list is the same artifact: it is the judgment written down.

Over the next 90 days

Change one sentence about what you do. Not on a CV. Out loud, to whoever pays you. From “my job is monitoring system operation to detect potential problems” to “I check what the software does and tell you what it means.” Your error list from this week is what makes that sentence true instead of a claim, so use it: show it once, to one person, inside the next ninety days. Same skills, priced as judgment rather than as typing.

Over the next 12 months

Walk toward the end of this job that answers for things, and get it recognised. Pick the one part of conferring with project personnel to identify and resolve problems you are already best at, and spend the year making it formal: a qualification, a named responsibility, a specialism people ask for by name. Price it honestly: that is evenings, it is months rather than weeks, and the seats are competitive because everyone in your position is looking at the same door. Before you pay for anything, use CareerOneStop - Find local training. It is free, it is the Labor Department's own service, and it is listed below with the rest of the free routes.

The roads out of here, and why I am not sending you down them

I looked at the obvious moves out of this job, and here is what I found.

I checked the 12 nearest US occupations to computer occupations, all other (nearest by the work that AI is not taking, not by job title), and none of them survived. The closest was computer network architects: only about 4% of its durable work is work you already do. I am not going to pretend that is comfortable news: 70% of your own task list is already in the top exposure band. But the answer on this evidence is not a sideways jump into a job with the same problem. It is to walk toward the end of this one that answers for things. “manage project execution to ensure adherence to budget, schedule, and scope” is the part that stays with a person, and spending a year getting formally recognised for it beats a standing start somewhere else.

How that was checked: this job was compared against all 830 US occupations in this release on their official task statements, and the 12 nearest were examined one by one. A move that turns on an industry, an employer or a qualification rather than on the work itself will not show up in a check like that. And this release carries no licence register, so anything you are weighing needs that looked up separately.

3 moves I checked and rejected

These are the obvious-looking jumps. They are here with their reasons rather than quietly dropped, because the ones that fail are worth knowing about. It is one less thing to turn over at night.

Computer Network Architects
Why it looked obvious: It came up as a near neighbour on the work AI is not taking: you already keep abreast of developments in document management technologies and techniques by reviewing current…, and their equivalent is to keep abreast of changes in industry practices and emerging telecommunications technology by reviewing…. Across both published task lists that is about 4% of the durable work in that job.
Why I am not recommending it: Almost none of it is work you already do: about 4% of the durable side of that job. That is a different job, not a next step.
Look at that job’s page anyway →
Business Operations Specialists, All Other
Why it looked obvious: It came up as a near neighbour on the work AI is not taking: you already conduct investigations of information security breaches to identify vulnerabilities and evaluate the damage, and their equivalent is to conduct security audits to identify potential vulnerabilities related to physical security or staff…. Across both published task lists that is about 3% of the durable work in that job.
Why I am not recommending it: Almost none of it is work you already do: about 3% of the durable side of that job. That is a different job, not a next step. I will not move you off one melting floe onto another: 60% of its own task list already scores in the top exposure band (62/100 in this release), so the same software is eating it. It is a pay cut, in those words: $83,050 against your $116,580, 28.8% less (OEWS May 2025 (both)). Retraining to earn less is a decision, not advice.
Look at that job’s page anyway →
Computer Network Support Specialists
Why it looked obvious: It came up as a near neighbour on the work AI is not taking: you already direct the installation of operating systems, network or application software, or computer or…, and their equivalent is to train users in procedures related to network applications software or related systems. Across both published task lists that is about 2% of the durable work in that job.
Why I am not recommending it: Almost none of it is work you already do: about 2% of the durable side of that job. That is a different job, not a next step. I will not move you off one melting floe onto another: 66% of its own task list already scores in the top exposure band (66/100 in this release), so the same software is eating it. It is a pay cut, in those words: $76,220 against your $116,580, 34.6% less (OEWS May 2025 (both)). Retraining to earn less is a decision, not advice.
Look at that job’s page anyway →

What I’d stop worrying about

A friend tells you what not to spend fear on. This is that list.

The headline number you read somewhere
The big “X% of jobs” figures are about the whole economy, not about you. The number that describes your job is on this page: 70% of its task weight, across 215 scored tasks. Every row behind it is printed above with the source. Check ours; ignore theirs.
“It’s too late for me to become something else”
You are not starting from zero, and the page shows why: conferring with project personnel to identify and resolve problems is work the software cannot do and you already do it. The move above is a repricing of what you know, not a new career. Nobody who has just left college has that.
“I should learn to code”
Almost certainly not. The value in your job is moving toward checking, deciding and answering for the output, not toward writing the software. A weekend of Python will not change your position; the error list from this week will.
The “obvious” next job everyone suggests
I checked the obvious moves and most of them did not survive. The reasons are printed with the routes above, including the pay and the gate. A move that fails on the numbers is worth knowing about so you can stop turning it over at night.

You are reading the United States figures

The United Kingdom splits this work across more than one official group, of which Cyber security professionals is the closest. The pay and employment figures are not directly comparable, and we do not average them together.

Switch to the United Kingdom page →partial match

The other groups this work is counted across:

IT quality and testing professionals

In UK official statistics this job is counted as Cyber security professionals and IT quality and testing professionals. Pay is shown separately for each of those groups (medians cannot be averaged together), while the task list and the scores on this page are for this group only.

Your route through this

Where to go next, and what it costs

Free, and complete

The moves above cost nothing. These are the real services that go with them: public, government-funded, and free at the point of use. Nothing on this page is behind an email address or a payment.

Anywhere in the US:
CareerOneStop - Find local training
Search what's running near you, from the Labor Department's own database, before anyone sells you a course.
Free to search; individual programs vary, and some are funded
Anywhere in the US:
American Job Center locator
An American Job Center will sit down with you for free. Find yours by ZIP code.
Free
- CareerOneStop local help hub
Anywhere in the US:
CareerOneStop - Licensed occupations finder
Check what your state actually requires before you pay for anything.
Free
Anywhere in the US:
CareerOneStop
Free

No Space for this job, but one for what is happening to it

Nothing Collab365 runs is built for computer occupations / all other, and we are not going to point you at the nearest one and call it a fit.

There is one that is not about a job title at all. The AI Authority is about being the person who directs these tools at work rather than the person they get compared to. That is worth saying here, because 70% of the work on this page is already inside what they can do.

Try The AI Authority free →

7 days free, no card needed. Explore up to 2 Spaces before you choose a plan: you pick a plan later, not now.

The AI Authority is a general community about working with AI, not a course for computer occupations / all other. You do not need it to act on anything here: the moves above cost nothing and stand on their own. The data on this page is the same either way.

Noted, and thank you. We’ll email you if a Space for computer occupations / all other launches. Nothing else.

That did not look like an email address, so nothing was saved. Have another go below.

We could not save that. The fault is ours, not yours, and your address was not stored. Please try again later.

No Space for computer occupations / all other yet. Should there be one?

Collab365 Spaces is built by the same people as this site. We find the problems that AI and automation are creating inside one kind of work, then solve them as short courses, briefings and Blueprints. Each Space is the community too, so the research and the people doing your job are in the same place.

What a Space actually is, in full

Collab365 launches new communities where the need is real. If one for computer occupations / all other existed, with researched problems, courses and people in the same boat, would you want in?

Your email

We use your email address for one thing: to tell you if a Space for computer occupations / all other launches. We never sell it, never use it for unrelated marketing, and every email has a one-click unsubscribe. Our privacy policy has the full version.

This unlocks nothing. Every figure, every row and every step on this page is already yours, whether you fill this in or not.

No deadline on any of this. The page will still be here, and the data is refreshed on a published schedule rather than when someone wants a headline.

Questions people ask about this job

Will AI replace Computer Occupations, All Other?: Not as a job, but it is already doing parts of the work. Across the 215 official task statements scored for Computer Occupations, All Other (United States, SOC 15-1299), 70% of the importance-weighted core work is made of tasks today's AI could already do most of. The overall exposure score is 66 out of 100 (range 59–73, band: high). That is a statement about tasks, not about headcount: this measures what AI could do, not whether any employer adopts it, whether the law allows it, or whether doing the routine parts faster creates more demand for the human parts. Figures are from release 2026-q4.1.
Which tasks in “Computer Occupations, All Other” can AI already do?: The highest-scoring tasks in release 2026-q4.1 are: “Write and execute scripts to automate tasks, such as parsing large data files” (100/100, very high); “Document design specifications, installation instructions, and other system-related information” (93/100, very high); “Monitor system operation to detect potential problems” (93/100, very high). Each score comes from five published 0–4 ratings turned into a number by a published formula, and each carries the model's one-sentence reason on the page.
Which tasks in “Computer Occupations, All Other” stay human?: About 9% of this job's task weight sits in work that scores low for AI exposure. The lowest-scoring tasks in release 2026-q4.1 are: “Write reports, sign affidavits, or give depositions for legal proceedings” (13/100, minimal); “Assess the physical security of servers, systems, or network devices to identify vulnerability to temperature, vandalism, or natural disasters” (14/100, minimal); “Meet with clients to discuss topics such as technical specifications, customized solutions, or operational problems” (17/100, minimal). Low scores usually mean the task needs a body in a room, a legally accountable human, or trust built in real time. Those are the three things the scoring rubric treats as gates rather than obstacles.
What should someone working in “Computer Occupations, All Other” do about AI?: Start from the ledger rather than the headline: 70% of this job's weighted core work is exposed, and roughly 9% is not. The practical move is to spend more of your week on the tasks that score low, the ones above, and to get fluent at directing AI through the tasks that score high, because those are the parts that change whether or not you are ready for them. This page does not predict your job, and nothing here is career advice tailored to you: the score describes the occupation, not the person.
How is the AI exposure score for Computer Occupations, All Other calculated?: Each official task statement for the occupation is rated on five published 0–4 dimensions (output replicability, physical embodiment, licensed accountability, real-time human trust, and data availability) by claude-opus-5 using scoring prompt task_scoring_v1.0. The model never writes the score; a published formula turns the five ratings into a 0–100 number, so every score can be recomputed by hand. The occupation figure is the importance-weighted mean across 215 scored tasks. The prompt, the rubric, the formula and the full dataset are published at https://futureproof.collab365.com/method and https://futureproof.collab365.com/data/2026-q4.1 under CC BY 4.0.

Where these numbers come from

Worth knowing about these figures

The match between this job and its counterpart in the other country is partial, so the two pages count slightly different groups of people.
22 of this occupation's scored task statements carry a score that was measured under a different occupation's context, because the statement is shared between jobs and has only been scored once so far. Each one names the occupation it was measured under in the free routes below; none is presented as a measurement for this job.
Task clusters are not derived in this release, so the task-cluster field is empty and no Collab365 Space routing is attached to this occupation yet.

Task statements: onet-dbProcessing: catalogue-bridge → onet-im-rt-weighting → task-scoring → score-aggregation
Task weights: onet-db (im-rt-with-imputed)
Scores: Rubric task_scoring_v1.0, model claude-opus-5, computed 2026-08-05.
Pay and employment: bls-oews (May 2025 estimates (national_M2025_dl.xlsx))bls-oews (May 2025 estimates (national_M2025_dl.xlsx))

Figures on this page come from release 2026-q4.1, published 2026-08-05. Every release keeps its own permanent address, so a figure you cite in March is still there, unchanged, in November.

The plain-English wording on this page is assembled directly from the task statements and the published ratings, not written by hand for this occupation. That is why it is specific, and it is also why we say so.

The routes and free resources further up are today’s, not the release’s (last reviewed 2026-08-05). A route is an offer, not a historical fact, so it moves on its own clock.

How we score a job Download this release Look up another job

Using these figures?

Cite this

Everything on this site is published under CC BY 4.0. Quote it, chart it, sell something built on it. Just say where it came from, and cite the dated release rather than the site, so the figure you quote stays checkable.

Plain text

Collab365 (2026). Collab365 Futureproof: task-level AI exposure for US and UK occupations, release 2026-q4.1 (methodVersion 2.0.0, promptVersion task_scoring_v1.0). https://futureproof.collab365.com/data/2026-q4.1. Licensed CC BY 4.0. Built with O*NET data (USDOL/ETA, CC BY 4.0); ONS data (Open Government Licence v3.0); GAISI task framework (arXiv:2507.22748, MIT); BLS data (public domain).

BibTeX

@misc{collab365futureproof2026q41,
  title        = {Collab365 Futureproof: task-level AI exposure for US and UK occupations, release 2026-q4.1},
  author       = {{Collab365}},
  year         = {2026},
  url          = {https://futureproof.collab365.com/data/2026-q4.1},
  note         = {Release 2026-q4.1, methodVersion 2.0.0, promptVersion task_scoring_v1.0, CC BY 4.0}
}

Permalink

https://futureproof.collab365.com/data/2026-q4.1

Data as of release 2026-q4.1, published 2026-08-05. Releases never change after publication; when the figures move, a new dated release is published beside this one and this one stays exactly where it is.