Will AI replace Biological scientists?

Not as a job, but it is already doing parts of the work. Across the 326 official task statements scored for Biological scientists (United Kingdom, SOC 2112), 20% of the importance-weighted core work is made of tasks today's AI could already do most of. The overall exposure score is 34 out of 100 (range 28–41, band: low). That is a statement about tasks, not about headcount: this measures what AI could do, not whether any employer adopts it, whether the law allows it, or whether doing the routine parts faster creates more demand for the human parts. Figures are from release 2026-q4.1.

Which tasks in “Biological scientists” can AI already do?

The highest-scoring tasks in release 2026-q4.1 are: “Programme and use computers to store, process, and analyse data” (100/100, very high); “Catalogue findings accurately to support agricultural research” (93/100, very high); “Compile reports, charts, or graphs that describe and interpret findings of analyses” (93/100, very high). Each score comes from five published 0–4 ratings turned into a number by a published formula, and each carries the model's one-sentence reason on the page.

Which tasks in “Biological scientists” stay human?

About 61% of this job's task weight sits in work that scores low for AI exposure. The lowest-scoring tasks in release 2026-q4.1 are: “Operate video recorders for visual data collection” (0/100, minimal); “Store specimens in appropriate conditions” (0/100, minimal); “Rehabilitate and release animals back into their natural environment” (0/100, minimal). Low scores usually mean the task needs a body in a room, a legally accountable human, or trust built in real time. Those are the three things the scoring rubric treats as gates rather than obstacles.

What should someone working in “Biological scientists” do about AI?

Start from the ledger rather than the headline: 20% of this job's weighted core work is exposed, and roughly 61% is not. The practical move is to spend more of your week on the tasks that score low, the ones above, and to get fluent at directing AI through the tasks that score high, because those are the parts that change whether or not you are ready for them. This page does not predict your job, and nothing here is career advice tailored to you: the score describes the occupation, not the person.

How is the AI exposure score for Biological scientists calculated?

Each official task statement for the occupation is rated on five published 0–4 dimensions (output replicability, physical embodiment, licensed accountability, real-time human trust, and data availability) by claude-opus-5 using scoring prompt task_scoring_v1.0. The model never writes the score; a published formula turns the five ratings into a 0–100 number, so every score can be recomputed by hand. The occupation figure is the importance-weighted mean across 326 scored tasks. The prompt, the rubric, the formula and the full dataset are published at https://futureproof.collab365.com/method and https://futureproof.collab365.com/data/2026-q4.1 under CC BY 4.0.

UK dataswitch to US

Biological scientists

identifying the aetiology, pathogenesis, morphological change and clinical significance of diseases, monitoring wildlife populations to assess impacts of forestry operations and examining animals or crop specimens to determine the presence of diseases or problems. If that's your week, this page is about your job.

The honest answer

AI is already taking a real slice of the routine work here: formulating recommendations based on research findings. That is a slice of tasks, not of you.

Your move: what you can actually do about this ↓

Where the work sits, by task weight

shifting to AI: 20%
changing shape: 19%
staying human: 61%

These bars are tasks changing hands, not people being counted out. The ledger below shows which.

Whole-job exposure score 34 out of 100 (28–41 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, across 326 scored tasks. The number is the support for the sentence above it, not a headline about anyone’s future.

How we know this

What is measured: Every published task statement for biological scientists is rated on five dimensions: can a model produce the output, does the work need a body in a room, does it need a legally accountable person, does it depend on a person being trusted in the moment, and how much data exists. A published formula turns those five ratings into the score; the model never writes the number.

How the bar is built: Each task’s share of the bar is its published importance weight, so a task you do all day counts for more than one you do twice a year.

Release: 2026-q4.1, scores computed 2026-08-04. Read the full method.

That slice is not coming back; the core of the job, collecting samples from animals, plants or products, stays yours. New tools, same person answering for it.

Your week, as this page understands it

Biological scientists examine and investigate the morphology, structure, and physical characteristics of living organisms, including their inter-relationships, environments and diseases. The job title says “biological scientists”. The real job is the part underneath: collecting samples from animals, plants or products. That is the thing someone has to be right about.

The exposed part of this job is specific, and we won’t pretend it is coming back. But biological scientists is not one task. It is 326 scored ones, and they are nowhere near equally exposed. The most durable of them, on this evidence, is collecting samples from animals, plants or products, and the ledger below shows exactly why.

Where the work sits, by task weight

shifting to AI: 20%
changing shape: 19%
staying human: 61%

These bars are tasks changing hands, not people being counted out. The ledger below shows which.

How we know this

How the bar is built: Each task’s share of the bar is its published importance weight, so a task you do all day counts for more than one you do twice a year.

Release: 2026-q4.1, scores computed 2026-08-04. Read the full method.

Your job, task by task

These are the official task statements for this occupation, in plain English, sorted by what the evidence says is happening to each one. The official wording sits under every line so you can check the rewrite against it.

One task scored differently between repeat runs, so its range on this page is wider. We would rather show the wobble than hide it.
66 of this occupation's scored task statements carry a score that was measured under a different occupation's context, because the statement is shared between jobs and has only been scored once so far. Each one names the occupation it was measured under in the free routes below; none is presented as a measurement for this job.
Task clusters are not derived in this release, so the task-cluster field is empty and no Collab365 Space routing is attached to this occupation yet.

Shifting to AI

72 tasks

Tasks today’s tools can already do most of. This is the part we will not soften: where these rows are the bulk of your week, the week changes.

Studying animal characteristics, origin, interrelationships, classification, life histories, diseases, development, genetics and distribution
This is reading one thing and writing another: animal characteristics, origin, interrelationships, classification, life histories, diseases in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 80 · 2112/02, 2112/07
Source: “Study animal characteristics including origin, interrelationships, classification, life histories, diseases, development, genetics, and distribution.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 62 out of 100 (55–69 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Animal biology is documented in vast detail, so software can pull the picture together well.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 4/4.
Formulating recommendations based on research findings
This is reading one thing and writing another: recommendations in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 85 · 2112/04, 2112/06
Source: “Formulate recommendations based on research findings.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (71–79 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Turning findings into clear recommendations is written reasoning software produces well once the results are in hand.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Creating chemical, biological and organic treatment plans to promote healthy crops
This is reading one thing and writing another: chemical, biological and organic treatment plans in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 75 · 2112/01, 2112/03
Source: “Create chemical, biological and organic treatment plans to promote healthy crops.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 66 out of 100 (59–73 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Treatment plans follow published product data and crop rules, though a qualified adviser signs off the recommendation.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Analysing and interpreting data to draw conclusions
This is reading one thing and writing another: data in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 90 · 2112/06
Source: “Analyse and interpret data to draw conclusions.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (71–79 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Analysing data and drawing conclusions is desk work that software already does well, though a person still checks the reasoning.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Changing shape

57 tasks

Tasks where the machine takes the producing and a person keeps the checking, the deciding, or the answering-for-it. For most jobs this is the biggest group, and it is where "transformation, not termination" is literally visible.

Publishing scientific papers detailing research findings
The software now makes the first pass at scientific papers detailing research findings, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 65 · 2112/01, 2112/02, 2112/03, 2112/06, 2112/07
Source: “Publish scientific papers detailing research findings.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 50 out of 100 (43–57 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Software drafts strong text, but the findings, the argument and the named responsibility for a paper stay with the researcher.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Analysing characteristics of animals to identify and classify them
The software now makes the first pass at characteristics of animals, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 80 · 2112/02, 2112/07
Source: “Analyse characteristics of animals to identify and classify them.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 56 out of 100 (49–63 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Classification keys and reference collections are well documented, though specimens are usually examined in person.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Organising laboratory work to ensure efficient workflow and accurate results
The software now makes the first pass at laboratory work, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 85 · 2112/04, 2112/05
Source: “Organise laboratory work to ensure efficient workflow and accurate results.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 56 out of 100 (49–63 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Planning laboratory workflow and scheduling is organising work software does well.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Staying human

197 tasks

Tasks that stay with a person, because they happen in the physical world, because the rules need someone accountable, or because the value is that a specific person does them.

Examining biological specimens under a microscope
This work happens in the physical world: biological specimens under a microscope, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 75 · 2112/04, 2112/05, 2112/07
Source: “Examine biological specimens under a microscope.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 13 out of 100 (6–20 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Image software reads slides well, but the specimen still has to be prepared and put under the microscope.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Collecting samples from animals, plants or products
This work happens in the physical world: samples, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 80 · 2112/01, 2112/02, 2112/04
Source: “Collect samples from animals, plants, or products.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Collecting a sample means physically going and taking it.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Verballying communicate research findings to the scientific community
This work happens in the physical world: communicate research findings, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 2112/02, 2112/03, 2112/07
Source: “Verbally communicate research findings to the scientific community, producers, and the public.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 26 out of 100 (19–33 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: The words prepare easily, but explaining findings to an audience happens face to face.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

Show the other 316 tasks

Programming and using computers
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: computers in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 70 · 2112/02
Source: “Programme and use computers to store, process, and analyse data.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 100 out of 100 (96–100 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Writing code to store and analyse data is one of the clearest strengths of current software.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 4/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 4/4.
Cataloguing findings accurately to support agricultural research
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: findings in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 70 · 2112/01
Source: “Catalogue findings accurately to support agricultural research.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 93 out of 100 (89–97 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Recording research findings in an orderly, searchable form is routine data work software does very reliably.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 4/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Compiling reports, charts or graphs that describe and interpret findings of analyses
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: reports, charts or graphs in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 70 · 2112/01
Source: “Compile reports, charts, or graphs that describe and interpret findings of analyses.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 93 out of 100 (89–97 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Building charts and write-ups from analysis results is largely automated already.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 4/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Completing documentation related to research findings
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: documentation in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 65 · 2112/01
Source: “Complete documentation related to research findings.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 93 out of 100 (89–97 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Writing up research documentation from results is a task software completes to a standard scientists accept.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 4/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Preparing data summaries to document research findings
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: data summaries in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 65 · 2112/01
Source: “Prepare data summaries to document research findings.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 93 out of 100 (89–97 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Turning results into clear data summaries is one of the things software does most reliably.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 4/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Analysing data on plants, animals and environmental conditions
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: data in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 85 · 2112/02
Source: “Analyse data on plants, animals and environmental conditions.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 93 out of 100 (89–97 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Analysing biological and environmental datasets is a core strength of current software.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 4/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Analysing yields, operational costs and financial returns of horticultural operations
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: yields, operational costs and financial returns of horticultural in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 70 · 2112/03
Source: “Analyse yields, operational costs and financial returns of horticultural operations.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 93 out of 100 (89–97 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Working out yields, costs and returns is spreadsheet analysis software does accurately.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 4/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Educating users through leaflets and websites to share plant science knowledge
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: users in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 60 · 2112/03
Source: “Educate users through leaflets and websites to share plant science knowledge.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 93 out of 100 (89–97 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Producing leaflets and web pages that explain plant science is content writing software does very well.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 4/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Maintaining databases of biological data for research and analysis purposes
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: databases of biological data in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 75 · 2112/04
Source: “Maintain databases of biological data for research and analysis purposes.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 93 out of 100 (86–100 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Maintaining a research database is routine, systematic work software handles well.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 4/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Generating reports about work
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: reports in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 75 · 2112/06
Source: “Generate reports about work for colleagues, partners, and clients.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 93 out of 100 (89–97 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Writing up work for colleagues and clients is straightforward document work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 4/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Manipulating large sets of data using statistical software to prepare for analysis
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: large sets of data in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 80 · 2112/07
Source: “Manipulate large sets of data using statistical software to prepare for analysis.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 93 out of 100 (89–97 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Manipulating large datasets in statistical software is routine, scripted work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 4/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Keeping up to date with environmental matters
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: to date in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 65 · 2112/01
Source: “Keep up to date with environmental matters, and be aware of policy and developments in this area.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 83 out of 100 (76–90 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Tracking policy changes and summarising what matters is a search-and-summarise job current tools do very well.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 4/4.
Studying the principles of biology to understand the life processes of plants and animals
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: the principles of biology in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 85 · 2112/02
Source: “Study the principles of biology to understand the life processes of plants and animals.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 83 out of 100 (79–87 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Reading and making sense of biological principles is knowledge work with enormous published literature behind it.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 4/4.
Translating scientific literature ideas into new breeding problem solutions
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: scientific literature ideas in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 75 · 2112/03
Source: “Translate scientific literature ideas into new breeding problem solutions.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 83 out of 100 (79–87 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Reading the literature and pulling ideas into new approaches is desk work with a huge published base behind it.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 4/4.
Defining research aims and objectives
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: research aims in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 65 · 2112/03
Source: “Define research aims and objectives.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 83 out of 100 (79–87 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Framing research aims and objectives is writing work with abundant published examples to draw on.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 4/4.
Staying informed about current research and development trends
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: informed in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 65 · 2112/03
Source: “Stay informed about current research and development trends.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 83 out of 100 (76–90 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Keeping across published research is exactly what software is good at, since the literature is public and abundant.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 4/4.
Preparing lectures on molecular biology
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: lectures in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 80 · 2112/04
Source: “Prepare lectures on molecular biology, marine biology, and botany for undergraduate or postgraduate students.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 83 out of 100 (79–87 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: These biology topics are extensively documented, so AI produces good lecture material to refine.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 4/4.
Investigating new technologies to advance microbiological research
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: new technologies in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 75 · 2112/04
Source: “Investigate new technologies to advance microbiological research.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 83 out of 100 (79–87 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Scanning and appraising new research technologies is literature work software does quickly and well.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 4/4.
Preparing reports, manuscripts or meeting presentations
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: reports, manuscripts or meeting presentations in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 75 · 2112/04
Source: “Prepare reports, manuscripts, or meeting presentations.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 83 out of 100 (76–90 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Software drafts reports and presentations strongly, though a scientific manuscript still needs real expert editing.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 4/4.
Designing experiments for research purposes
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: experiments in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 80 · 2112/06
Source: “Design experiments for research purposes.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 83 out of 100 (76–90 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Experimental design follows well-published principles software applies competently.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 4/4.
Researching and collating scientific data
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: scientific data in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 75 · 2112/06
Source: “Research and collate scientific data.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 83 out of 100 (79–87 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Searching the literature and pulling findings together is one of the things software is fastest at.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 4/4.
Conducting literature reviews to support research projects or academic studies
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: literature reviews in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 75 · 2112/07
Source: “Conduct literature reviews to support research projects or academic studies.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 83 out of 100 (76–90 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Literature reviewing is reading and summarising at scale, which software does quickly, though citations need checking.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 4/4.
Using geographical information systems, GIS) for spatial data analysis
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: geographical information systems, gis) in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 75 · 2112/07
Source: “Use geographical information systems (GIS) for spatial data analysis.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 83 out of 100 (79–87 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Spatial analysis in mapping software follows documented methods and is strongly supported by automated tools.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 4/4.
Developing educational materials for the public
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: educational materials in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 70 · 2112/07
Source: “Develop educational materials for the public.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 83 out of 100 (76–90 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Public information and teaching materials are well supported by AI, with plenty of published examples to draw on.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 4/4.
Researching animal selection and breeding practices to improve production efficiency
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: animal selection in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 70 · 2112/07
Source: “Research animal selection and breeding practices to improve production efficiency.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 83 out of 100 (79–87 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Researching breeding and selection practice is literature work with abundant published evidence.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 4/4.
Analysing trial data to draw conclusions in fields
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: trial data in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 75 · 2112/02
Source: “Analyse trial data to draw conclusions in fields such as crop production or medical research.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 81 out of 100 (77–85 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Drawing conclusions from trial data is statistics, which software does quickly and accurately.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 4/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Maintaining detailed records throughout the research and development cycle
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: detailed records throughout the research in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 65 · 2112/03
Source: “Maintain detailed records throughout the research and development cycle.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 81 out of 100 (77–85 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Keeping full, orderly records through a research project is exactly what software does reliably.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 4/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Verifying assigned financial, physical and human resources are used as planned in research or development projects
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: assigned financial, physical and human resources in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 85 · 2112/04
Source: “Verify assigned financial, physical, and human resources are used as planned in research or development projects.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 81 out of 100 (77–85 allowing for uncertainty): very high exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Checking that budget, kit and people were used as planned is straightforward reconciliation work for software.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 4/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Preparing technical and operational reports for internal and external stakeholders
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: technical and operational reports in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 60 · 2112/03
Source: “Prepare technical and operational reports for internal and external stakeholders.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 79 out of 100 (72–86 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Turning technical findings into reports for different audiences is writing work software does very well.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 4/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Analysing data patterns to form insights and making policy recommendations
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: data patterns in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 75 · 2112/01
Source: “Analyse data patterns to form insights and make policy recommendations.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (71–79 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Finding patterns in data and drawing out recommendations is core analysis work software does well.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Incorporating soil science knowledge into aspects of land management and ecosystems
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: soil science knowledge in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 75 · 2112/01
Source: “Incorporate soil science knowledge into aspects of land management and ecosystems.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Applying soil science to land management questions is written analysis software handles well.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Planning biological research programmes for various sectors
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: biological research programmes in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 80 · 2112/02
Source: “Plan biological research programmes for various sectors.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Designing a research programme is written planning work software drafts to a usable standard.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Preparing study reports to inform on environmental issues
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: study reports in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 75 · 2112/02
Source: “Prepare study reports to inform on environmental issues.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Writing up environmental findings into a study report is drafting work software does well.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Developing methods for soil conservation or management applicable by farmers or forestry companies
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: methods in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 80 · 2112/03
Source: “Develop methods for soil conservation or management applicable by farmers or forestry companies.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Developing soil conservation methods from published evidence is written technical work software supports well.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Staying informed about developments in specialist areas and land-based sectors
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: informed in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 70 · 2112/03
Source: “Stay informed about developments in specialist areas and land-based sectors.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Keeping up with sector developments is reading and summarising, which software does quickly and well.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Considering proposed changes to existing public amenities and leisure locations and assessing their potential benefits
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: proposed changes in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 60 · 2112/03
Source: “Consider proposed changes to existing public amenities and leisure locations and assess their potential benefits.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Weighing up proposed changes to public amenities is written appraisal work software drafts well.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Designing planting schemes for gardens and leisure areas
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: schemes in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 60 · 2112/03
Source: “Design planting schemes for gardens and leisure areas.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Planting schemes are drawn from well-published plant data and can be drafted to a good standard.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Designing supply chain systems for efficient processing
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: chain systems in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 55 · 2112/03
Source: “Design supply chain systems for efficient processing, storage, and transport.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Designing processing, storage and transport flows is modelling and planning work software does well.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Predicting the cost of botanical and horticultural research work
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: the cost of botanical in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 55 · 2112/03
Source: “Predict the cost of botanical and horticultural research work.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Costing a research programme is budgeting arithmetic software handles well from past project data.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Preparing reports detailing research or project outcomes
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: reports detailing research in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 85 · 2112/04
Source: “Prepare reports detailing research or project outcomes.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Writing up research or project outcomes is structured drafting software does to a usable standard.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Analysing and interpreting data, using specialist software programs
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: data in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 80 · 2112/04
Source: “Analyse and interpret data, using specialist software programs.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (71–79 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Working through data in specialist software is exactly the kind of analysis computers do quickly and consistently.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Documenting and sharing research findings to contribute to scientific knowledge
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: research findings in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 70 · 2112/05
Source: “Document and share research findings to contribute to scientific knowledge.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (71–79 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Writing up and circulating findings is document work software drafts to a good standard once the results exist.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Drawing up proposals for future developmental tests
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: proposals in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 75 · 2112/06
Source: “Draw up proposals for future developmental tests.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Writing proposals for future tests is structured technical drafting software does well.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Using computer modelling software to analyse data and predict outcomes for specific scenarios
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: computer modelling software in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 70 · 2112/07
Source: “Use computer modelling software to analyse data and predict outcomes for specific scenarios.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (71–79 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Running modelling software to analyse data and predict outcomes is core computer work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Interpreting findings to recommend alternative operating conditions for industry
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: findings in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 60 · 2112/07
Source: “Interpret findings to recommend alternative operating conditions for industry.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 75 out of 100 (68–82 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Turning findings into recommended operating conditions is technical analysis and writing software does well.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Informing and responding to the public regarding wildlife and conservation issues
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: the public regarding wildlife in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 70 · 2112/07
Source: “Inform and respond to the public regarding wildlife and conservation issues, such as plant identification, hunting regulations, and nuisance wildlife.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 70 out of 100 (63–77 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Public questions about wildlife and regulations have well documented answers software can supply quickly.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 4/4.
Recording experimental and researching data in laboratory logs
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: experimental in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 70 · 2112/01
Source: “Record experimental and research data in laboratory logs.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 69 out of 100 (65–73 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Recording experimental data in logs is structured entry that software already handles.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 4/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Designing and developing soil resource management plans
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: soil resource management plans in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 70 · 2112/01
Source: “Design and develop soil resource management plans.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 66 out of 100 (59–73 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Soil management plans follow documented methods that software can draft, with a specialist approving them.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Scheduling pest or weed control applications
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: pest in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 70 · 2112/01
Source: “Schedule pest or weed control applications.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 66 out of 100 (59–73 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Scheduling treatments against weather and crop stage is planning work software does well, with a qualified sign-off.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Designing and scheduling trials for research purposes
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: trials in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 70 · 2112/02
Source: “Design and schedule trials for research purposes.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 66 out of 100 (59–73 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Designing and scheduling trials follows well documented statistical practice software applies well.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Reviewing land use classification reports for adherence to policies and scientific standards
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: land use classification reports in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 60 · 2112/02
Source: “Review land use classification reports for adherence to policies and scientific standards.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 66 out of 100 (59–73 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Checking a report against written policies and standards is document work software does well.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Reviewing recreational development proposals for accuracy and adequacy
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: recreational development proposals in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 55 · 2112/02
Source: “Review recreational development proposals for accuracy and adequacy.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 66 out of 100 (59–73 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Reviewing proposals for accuracy against set criteria is exactly the sort of checking software handles.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Planning waste management programmes for composting or farming
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: waste management programmes in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 70 · 2112/03
Source: “Plan waste management programmes for composting or farming.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 66 out of 100 (59–73 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Waste management programmes follow published regulations and standard designs software can draft.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Maintaining accurate records of laboratory work and results
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: accurate records of laboratory work in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 70 · 2112/04
Source: “Maintain accurate records of laboratory work and results.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 66 out of 100 (59–73 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Lab records are structured entries that software captures and tidies, though someone must record what actually happened at the bench.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Assisting colleagues in interpreting specific test results
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: colleagues in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 80 · 2112/05
Source: “Assist colleagues in interpreting specific test results.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 66 out of 100 (59–73 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Explaining what a result means against reference values is well-documented reasoning software supports well.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Providing patient clinical data to assist pathologists in pathology reports
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: patient clinical data in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 80 · 2112/05
Source: “Provide patient clinical data to assist pathologists in pathology reports.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 66 out of 100 (59–73 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Pulling together a patient record for the pathologist is information handling software does well, and the report itself is written elsewhere.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Designing scientific experiments and collating findings to advance medical research
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: scientific experiments in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 70 · 2112/05
Source: “Design scientific experiments and collate findings to advance medical research.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 66 out of 100 (59–73 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Experimental design and pulling findings together is documented methodology software applies well.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Designing controlled experiments to study drug activity
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: controlled experiments in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 85 · 2112/06
Source: “Design controlled experiments to study drug activity.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 66 out of 100 (59–73 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Designing a controlled drug study follows well documented statistical practice software applies well.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Contributing expertise to preparing technical documents for clinical trials
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: expertise in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 80 · 2112/06
Source: “Contribute expertise to preparing technical documents for clinical trials, including study synopses, pharmacology plans, protocols, and regulatory submissions.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 66 out of 100 (59–73 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Trial documents follow strict published templates, so software drafts them well and the sponsor approves them separately.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Developing parasite and disease control strategies for animals
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: parasite in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 80 · 2112/07
Source: “Develop parasite and disease control strategies for animals.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 66 out of 100 (59–73 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Disease and parasite control strategies follow well documented veterinary science software can assemble.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Issuing recommendations based on scientific reports
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: recommendations in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 75 · 2112/07
Source: “Issue recommendations based on scientific reports.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 66 out of 100 (59–73 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Turning scientific findings into clear recommendations is written work software drafts to a usable standard.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Evaluating and updating conservation management plans and statements of significance
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: conservation management plans in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 70 · 2112/07
Source: “Evaluate and update conservation management plans and statements of significance.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 66 out of 100 (59–73 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Reviewing and updating conservation plans is document work software drafts well, with a specialist approving it.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Reporting environmental issues to the council and relevant authorities
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: environmental issues in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 65 · 2112/07
Source: “Report environmental issues to the council and relevant authorities.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 66 out of 100 (59–73 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Reporting an environmental issue to the authorities follows set forms and wording software can produce.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Addressing enquiries from other organisations promptly
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: enquiries in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 60 · 2112/01
Source: “Address enquiries from other organisations promptly.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 64 out of 100 (57–71 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Answering routine enquiries from other bodies is documented, repeatable correspondence.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Submitting tenders for consultancy work in agricultural science
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: tenders in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 60 · 2112/01
Source: “Submit tenders for consultancy work in agricultural science.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 64 out of 100 (57–71 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Tenders follow set formats and repeat much the same content, so software drafts them to a usable standard.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Optimising processes to achieve cost efficiency and productivity
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: processes in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 75 · 2112/04
Source: “Optimise processes to achieve cost efficiency and productivity.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 64 out of 100 (57–71 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Spotting waste and cost savings in process data is analytical work software does well, with the engineer testing practicality.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Planning the department's workload as part of managerial responsibilities
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: the department's workload in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 60 · 2112/05
Source: “Plan the department's workload as part of managerial responsibilities.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 64 out of 100 (57–71 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Planning who does what and when is scheduling work that software handles well, with a manager settling the awkward cases.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Studying nitrogen fertiliser application methods to satisfy crop needs and minimise environmental impact
shifting to AI
This is reading one thing and writing another: nitrogen fertiliser application methods in, a record out. That is the shape today's tools are built for.
importance 80 · 2112/01
Source: “Study nitrogen fertiliser application methods to satisfy crop needs and minimise environmental impact.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 62 out of 100 (55–69 allowing for uncertainty): high exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Fertiliser rates and their environmental effects are heavily published, so software can weigh the options well.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 4/4.
Making bids for research funding in education posts
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at bids, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 55 · 2112/01
Source: “Make bids for research funding in education posts.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 58 out of 100 (51–65 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Software drafts useful sections of a funding bid, but a competitive research case still needs heavy expert rewriting.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Writing grant proposals to obtain funding for research
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at grant proposals, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 60 · 2112/02, 2112/06
Source: “Write grant proposals to obtain funding for research.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 58 out of 100 (51–65 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Grant writing follows well-known formats, so software gives a solid draft that the researcher must sharpen.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Producing maps of soil types and their distribution
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at maps of soil types, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 70 · 2112/01, 2112/03
Source: “Produce maps of soil types and their distribution.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 56 out of 100 (49–63 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Mapping software turns survey points into soil maps quickly, though the survey itself is done on the ground.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Using new technology to track plant growth and changes in environmental conditions
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at new technology, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 70 · 2112/01
Source: “Use new technology to track plant growth and changes in environmental conditions.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 56 out of 100 (49–63 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Sensor and imaging data on plant growth is exactly the kind of information software reads well.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Keeping records documenting animal health
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at records documenting animal health, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 60 · 2112/01
Source: “Keep records documenting animal health, diet, or behaviour.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 56 out of 100 (52–60 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Keeping health, diet and behaviour records is form-filling software handles well once the observations are made.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Formulating solutions for horticultural and landscaping challenges
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at solutions, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 80 · 2112/03
Source: “Formulate solutions for horticultural and landscaping challenges.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 56 out of 100 (49–63 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Diagnosing and solving common horticultural problems draws on well-documented knowledge.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Evaluating new composting methods to enhance agricultural sustainability
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at new composting methods, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 75 · 2112/03
Source: “Evaluate new composting methods to enhance agricultural sustainability.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 56 out of 100 (49–63 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Comparing composting methods against published evidence and trial data is analysis software does well.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Planning and organising trials to assess the effectiveness of solutions
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at trials, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 75 · 2112/03
Source: “Plan and organise trials to assess the effectiveness of solutions.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 56 out of 100 (49–63 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Designing and organising a trial is planning work software drafts well, though the trial runs in the real world.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Addressing enquiries from farmers, agronomists and other professionals promptly
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at enquiries, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 70 · 2112/03
Source: “Address enquiries from farmers, agronomists, and other professionals promptly.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 56 out of 100 (49–63 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Answering technical questions from farmers and agronomists draws on well documented knowledge software can supply quickly.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Evaluating forage plant varieties to select those best suited for specific ranges
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at forage plant varieties, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 70 · 2112/03
Source: “Evaluate forage plant varieties to select those best suited for specific ranges.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 56 out of 100 (49–63 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Comparing forage varieties against published performance data is analysis software handles well.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Assisting clients in meeting legislative regulations on quality
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at clients, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 60 · 2112/03
Source: “Assist clients in meeting legislative regulations on quality, hygiene, and employment.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 56 out of 100 (49–63 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Explaining what quality, hygiene and employment rules require is reading published regulations, which software does well.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Assessing the impact of microbes in foods
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at the impact of microbes, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 85 · 2112/04
Source: “Assess the impact of microbes in foods, crops, and soils.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 56 out of 100 (49–63 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: The science on microbes in food, crops and soil is well documented, so software can assess it well.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Planning clinical trials for new products
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at clinical trials, but someone has to be answerable for the result, and it cannot be the software. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 75 · 2112/04, 2112/06
Source: “Plan clinical trials for new products.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 56 out of 100 (49–63 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; someone qualified has to answer for it.
The rating behind it: Trial designs follow published templates software drafts well, though qualified people must own the plan that patients rely on.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Reviewing case investigation reports to assess cases
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at case investigation reports, but someone has to be answerable for the result, and it cannot be the software. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 70 · 2112/05
Source: “Review case investigation reports to assess cases.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 56 out of 100 (49–63 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; someone qualified has to answer for it.
The rating behind it: Reviewing case reports against set criteria is document work software handles, with a specialist responsible.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Studying the effects of drugs on human health
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at the effects of drugs, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 90 · 2112/06
Source: “Study the effects of drugs on human health.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 56 out of 100 (49–63 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Studying drug effects is largely reading and analysing published and trial data, which AI does well.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Advising on the design of clinical pharmacology trials
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at the design of clinical pharmacology trials, but someone has to be answerable for the result, and it cannot be the software. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 85 · 2112/06
Source: “Advise on the design of clinical pharmacology trials, focusing on study objectives, design, and endpoints.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 56 out of 100 (49–63 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; someone qualified has to answer for it.
The rating behind it: Trial design follows published regulatory guidance software can apply, with a qualified scientist accountable.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Assisting in preparing the clinical pharmacology components for a new medicinal product licence application
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at preparing the clinical pharmacology components, but someone has to be answerable for the result, and it cannot be the software. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 80 · 2112/06
Source: “Assist in preparing the clinical pharmacology components for a new medicinal product licence application.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 56 out of 100 (49–63 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; someone qualified has to answer for it.
The rating behind it: Licence application sections follow strict published formats that software drafts well, with a qualified sign-off.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Advising on handling hazardous substances to prevent occupational diseases
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at handling hazardous substances, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 75 · 2112/06
Source: “Advise on handling hazardous substances to prevent occupational diseases.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 56 out of 100 (49–63 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Rules on hazardous substances are published and detailed, so software drafts sound advice that an expert checks for the site.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Assessing product designs for safety
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at product designs, but someone has to be answerable for the result, and it cannot be the software. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 70 · 2112/06
Source: “Assess product designs for safety.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 56 out of 100 (49–63 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; someone qualified has to answer for it.
The rating behind it: Safety assessment follows published standards software can apply, with a qualified specialist accountable.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Determining genetic composition of animal populations and heritability of traits
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at genetic composition of animal populations, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 90 · 2112/07
Source: “Determine genetic composition of animal populations and heritability of traits, using principles of genetics.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 56 out of 100 (49–63 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Genetics calculations on population data are exactly the kind of analysis software does well.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Studying nutritional requirements of animals and nutritive values of animal feed materials
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at nutritional requirements of animals, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 85 · 2112/07
Source: “Study nutritional requirements of animals and nutritive values of animal feed materials.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 56 out of 100 (49–63 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Feed composition and nutritional requirements are heavily documented, so software can pull together and compare the evidence well.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Developing improved feeding practices for animals
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at improved feeding practices, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 75 · 2112/07
Source: “Develop improved feeding practices for animals.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 56 out of 100 (49–63 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Feeding practice is well documented and mostly a calculation, which software does well.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Assessing how environmental conditions affect the quantity of animal products
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at how environmental conditions affect the quantity of animal, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 70 · 2112/07
Source: “Assess how environmental conditions affect the quantity of animal products.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 56 out of 100 (49–63 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Linking environmental conditions to output is data analysis software does well from farm records.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Planning planting programmes with local council officers
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at programmes, but the part that matters is a person saying it and standing behind it. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 65 · 2112/03
Source: “Plan planting programmes with local council officers.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 53 out of 100 (46–60 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: The planting plan is easy to draft, but agreeing it with council officers happens in meetings.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Standardising drug dosages according to medical guidelines
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at drug dosages, but someone has to be answerable for the result, and it cannot be the software. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 85 · 2112/06
Source: “Standardise drug dosages according to medical guidelines.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 52 out of 100 (45–59 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; someone qualified has to answer for it.
The rating behind it: Dosing guidelines are fully published, but setting a standard dose is a decision only a qualified professional can make.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 3/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 4/4.
Developing pest management and controlling measures using scientific methods
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at pest management, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 75 · 2112/02
Source: “Develop pest management and control measures using scientific methods.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 49 out of 100 (42–56 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Control methods are well documented, though a qualified specialist must stand behind the recommendation.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Investigating environmental impacts of potential water use to enhance conditions or outputs
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at environmental impacts of potential water, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 70 · 2112/02
Source: “Investigate environmental impacts of potential water use to enhance conditions or outputs.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 49 out of 100 (42–56 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Assessing water use impacts is largely modelling and desk analysis, with a qualified specialist responsible.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Investigating environmental impacts of land use to improve conditions or increase crop yields
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at environmental impacts of land, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 65 · 2112/02
Source: “Investigate environmental impacts of land use to improve conditions or increase crop yields.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 49 out of 100 (42–56 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Land use impact assessment is mostly desk analysis of data, with a qualified specialist accountable for it.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Documenting specimens by verifying patients' and specimens' information
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at specimens, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 85 · 2112/05
Source: “Document specimens by verifying patients' and specimens' information.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 49 out of 100 (42–56 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Matching a sample to the right patient record is checking work software does reliably, with the sample physically to hand.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Evaluating adherence to environmental permits in zoological settings
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at adherence, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 65 · 2112/07
Source: “Evaluate adherence to environmental permits in zoological settings.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 49 out of 100 (42–56 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Checking activity against the wording of a permit is document comparison software does well.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Developing recommendations for landowners to maintain or restore environmental conditions
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at recommendations, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 65 · 2112/03
Source: “Develop recommendations for landowners to maintain or restore environmental conditions.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 48 out of 100 (41–55 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Recommendations for restoring land follow documented practice, so software drafts them to a usable standard.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Supporting and advising clinical staff to help them choose the correct tests
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at clinical staff, but someone has to be answerable for the result, and it cannot be the software. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 85 · 2112/05
Source: “Support and advise clinical staff to help them choose the correct tests.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 48 out of 100 (41–55 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; someone qualified has to answer for it.
The rating behind it: Advising clinicians on which test to request draws on well documented guidance software can supply.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Allocating tasks to ensure adequate performance of laboratory activities
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at tasks, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 75 · 2112/05
Source: “Allocate tasks to ensure adequate performance of laboratory activities.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 48 out of 100 (41–55 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Allocating work across a lab team is scheduling against skills and workload, which software does well.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Educating colleagues in the use and limitations of each diagnostic investigation
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at colleagues, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 75 · 2112/05
Source: “Educate colleagues in the use and limitations of each diagnostic investigation.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 48 out of 100 (41–55 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Explaining what a test can and cannot show draws on documented evidence software can present clearly.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Writing pathology reports summarising analyses
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at pathology reports summarising analyses, but someone has to be answerable for the result, and it cannot be the software. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 90 · 2112/05
Source: “Write pathology reports summarising analyses, results, and conclusions.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 47 out of 100 (40–54 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; someone qualified has to answer for it.
The rating behind it: The report drafts easily from the findings, but only a registered practitioner can issue it.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 3/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Standardising methods of immunisation for effective disease prevention
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at methods of immunisation, but someone has to be answerable for the result, and it cannot be the software. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 80 · 2112/06
Source: “Standardise methods of immunisation for effective disease prevention.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 47 out of 100 (40–54 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; someone qualified has to answer for it.
The rating behind it: Immunisation schedules are well documented, but setting them is a decision reserved for qualified professionals.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 3/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Communicating test results to local and national government representatives
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at test results, but the part that matters is a person saying it and standing behind it. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 70 · 2112/02
Source: “Communicate test results to local and national government representatives.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 46 out of 100 (39–53 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: The briefing note is easy to draft, but explaining results to officials works better from a person they know.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Advising doctors, educators, researchers
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at doctors, educators, researchers, but the part that matters is a person saying it and standing behind it. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 80 · 2112/06
Source: “Advise doctors, educators, researchers, government health officials, and others on the medical applications of sciences, such as physics, biology, and chemistry, through consultation.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 46 out of 100 (39–53 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: The science is well documented, but consultation works through a trusted conversation with the person asking.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Ensuring non-experts understand clinical pharmacology data implications
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at non-experts understand clinical pharmacology data implications, but the part that matters is a person saying it and standing behind it. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 80 · 2112/06
Source: “Ensure non-experts understand clinical pharmacology data implications.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 46 out of 100 (39–53 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Software is good at plain-English explanations, though the conversation with non-experts still needs a person.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Developing health safety standards and public health improvement programmes by conferring with health departments
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at health safety standards, but the part that matters is a person saying it and standing behind it. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 75 · 2112/06
Source: “Develop health safety standards and public health improvement programmes by conferring with health departments, industry personnel, physicians, and others.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 46 out of 100 (39–53 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Standards and programmes draft well from published evidence, though agreeing them takes meetings with partners.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Studying the impact of environmental conditions like pollution on aquatic life
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at the impact of environmental conditions like pollution, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 70 · 2112/02
Source: “Study the impact of environmental conditions like pollution on aquatic life.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 43 out of 100 (36–50 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Studying pollution effects on aquatic life combines published science with fieldwork, so software can do much of the analysis.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Assessing the impact of horticultural spaces on the built environment and public
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at the impact of horticultural spaces, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 65 · 2112/03
Source: “Assess the impact of horticultural spaces on the built environment and public.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 43 out of 100 (36–50 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Software can summarise the evidence, but judging what a green space does for a place needs local knowledge.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Ordering diagnostic tests and analysing the results
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at diagnostic tests, but someone has to be answerable for the result, and it cannot be the software. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 85 · 2112/05
Source: “Order diagnostic tests and analyse the results.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 43 out of 100 (36–50 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; someone qualified has to answer for it.
The rating behind it: Choosing and reading tests is documented reasoning, though requesting them for a patient sits with an authorised clinician.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Making decisions based on an understanding of the organisational and the wider business market
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at decisions, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 60 · 2112/06
Source: “Make decisions based on an understanding of the organisational and the wider business market (e.g. legal, technical, environmental, political and economic).” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 43 out of 100 (36–50 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Software can lay out the options, but the decision leans on knowing this organisation and its market.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Planning bespoke and sustainable accommodation to ensure animal welfare
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at bespoke, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 75 · 2112/07
Source: “Plan bespoke and sustainable accommodation to ensure animal welfare, safety and security.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 43 out of 100 (36–50 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Designing housing that meets welfare needs is a planning job software can draft from documented standards.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Advising on crop husbandry and utilising precision farming tools for a range of crops
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at crop husbandry, but the deciding part still needs a person. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 80 · 2112/01, 2112/03
Source: “Advise on crop husbandry and utilise precision farming tools for a range of crops.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 42 out of 100 (35–49 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Precision farming data is exactly what software reads well, though UK crop advice needs a qualified adviser behind it.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Identifying the aetiology, pathogenesis, morphological change and clinical significance of diseases
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at the aetiology, pathogenesis, but someone has to be answerable for the result, and it cannot be the software. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 95 · 2112/05
Source: “Identify the aetiology, pathogenesis, morphological change, and clinical significance of diseases.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 42 out of 100 (35–49 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; someone qualified has to answer for it.
The rating behind it: The disease mechanisms are extensively documented, though a qualified specialist stands behind the interpretation.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Evaluating effects of medicines at various levels
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at effects of medicines, but someone has to be answerable for the result, and it cannot be the software. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 90 · 2112/06
Source: “Evaluate effects of medicines at various levels.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 42 out of 100 (35–49 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; someone qualified has to answer for it.
The rating behind it: Drug effects are heavily documented, so software can assess the evidence with a qualified specialist responsible.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Using global positioning systems, GPS) for location tracking
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at global positioning systems, gps), but part of it still happens in the physical world. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 80 · 2112/07
Source: “Use global positioning systems (GPS) for location tracking.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 41 out of 100 (34–48 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: The location data handles itself, but the trackers have to be deployed and retrieved in the field.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 4/4.
Presenting findings to clients to provide insights and recommendations
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at findings, but the part that matters is a person saying it and standing behind it. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 65 · 2112/03
Source: “Present findings to clients to provide insights and recommendations.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 40 out of 100 (33–47 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Findings can be written up by software, but presenting them to a client is personal work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Discussing laboratory findings with laboratories or investigators
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at laboratory findings, but the part that matters is a person saying it and standing behind it. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 80 · 2112/04
Source: “Discuss laboratory findings with laboratories or investigators.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 40 out of 100 (33–47 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Sorting out puzzling results is a back-and-forth conversation between people who know the samples and the methods.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Speaking with colleagues to share knowledge on pathology
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at colleagues, but the part that matters is a person saying it and standing behind it. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 75 · 2112/05
Source: “Speak with colleagues to share knowledge on pathology.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 40 out of 100 (33–47 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Sharing know-how with colleagues is a live conversation where the value is in the questions people ask each other.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Identifying and implementing change management initiatives to meet technical and organisational requirements
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at change management initiatives, but the part that matters is a person saying it and standing behind it. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 70 · 2112/06
Source: “Identify and implement change management initiatives to meet technical and organisational requirements, ensuring that the delivery of health and care intelligence is not compromised.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 40 out of 100 (33–47 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Change plans are easy to draft, but getting an organisation to adopt them depends on persuading colleagues.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Managing projects to meet budget and finance targets
changing shape
The software now makes the first pass at projects, but the part that matters is a person saying it and standing behind it. So the job becomes checking and deciding rather than producing.
importance 65 · 2112/06
Source: “Manage projects to meet budget and finance targets, considering wider commercial implications.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 40 out of 100 (33–47 allowing for uncertainty): partial exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Budgets and forecasts are easy to model, but steering a project to hit them depends on people and commercial judgement.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Advising farmers on land management and how to improve crop yields
staying human
The value here is that a specific person handles farmers and stands behind it. That is earned, not computed.
importance 85 · 2112/01, 2112/03
Source: “Advise farmers on land management and how to improve crop yields.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 39 out of 100 (32–46 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Yield and land management guidance is well documented, but farmers act on advice from someone who knows their fields.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Delivering presentations to scientific and non-scientific audiences
staying human
The value here is that a specific person handles presentations and stands behind it. That is earned, not computed.
importance 65 · 2112/01
Source: “Deliver presentations to scientific and non-scientific audiences.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 39 out of 100 (32–46 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Slides and scripts are drafted well by software, but standing up and holding a room is still done by a person.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Giving presentations on agricultural research findings
staying human
The value here is that a specific person handles presentations and stands behind it. That is earned, not computed.
importance 65 · 2112/01
Source: “Give presentations on agricultural research findings.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 39 out of 100 (32–46 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: The slides and script are easy to produce; standing up and holding a room of farmers is not.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Delivering verbal briefings and presentations to clients and wider audiences on research findings
staying human
The value here is that a specific person handles verbal briefings and stands behind it. That is earned, not computed.
importance 70 · 2112/03
Source: “Deliver verbal briefings and presentations to clients and wider audiences on research findings.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 39 out of 100 (32–46 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: The briefing can be written for you, but delivering it and answering the room is a person's job.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Regulating greenhouse conditions for optimal plant growth
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: greenhouse conditions, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 2112/01
Source: “Regulate greenhouse conditions for optimal plant growth.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 38 out of 100 (31–45 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Glasshouse climate control is already largely automated, though someone must be there to set and check it.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Collecting data and writing reports on biological research findings
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: data, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 80 · 2112/02
Source: “Collect data and write reports on biological research findings.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 38 out of 100 (31–45 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: The report writes well from the data, but collecting the data means being in the field or lab.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Conducting research in colleges, universities, museums and other research institutions
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: research, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 80 · 2112/02
Source: “Conduct research in colleges, universities, museums, and other research institutions.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 38 out of 100 (31–45 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Much research is now online, but some collections still have to be visited in person.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Analysing and assessing plant breeding in laboratory trials
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: plant, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 85 · 2112/03
Source: “Analyse and assess plant breeding in laboratory trials.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 38 out of 100 (31–45 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: The trial analysis is straightforward for software, but the plants have to be grown and assessed by hand.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Developing environmentally safe methods for controlling weeds
staying human
The ratings behind this row put safe methods well outside what today's tools can do on their own.
importance 75 · 2112/03
Source: “Develop environmentally safe methods for controlling weeds, crop diseases, and pests.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 38 out of 100 (31–45 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Software can propose safer control methods, but proving one works takes real testing and a qualified sign-off.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Investigating soil responses to management practices to assess use capabilities and productivity effects
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: soil responses, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 75 · 2112/03
Source: “Investigate soil responses to management practices to assess use capabilities and productivity effects.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 38 out of 100 (31–45 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: The analysis is straightforward, but measuring how soils respond means sampling the ground over time.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Investigating reasons for lapses in water quality
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: reasons, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 2112/03
Source: “Investigate reasons for lapses in water quality.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 38 out of 100 (31–45 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: The detective work on the data suits software, but tracing a water quality problem means sampling on site.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Supporting the infrastructure necessary for these supply chain systems
staying human
The ratings behind this row put this work well outside what today's tools can do on their own.
importance 60 · 2112/03
Source: “Support the infrastructure necessary for these supply chain systems.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 38 out of 100 (31–45 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Keeping supply chain systems running depends on knowing that particular operation, which is rarely written down.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Analysing data using complex equipment and measuring systems
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: data, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 85 · 2112/06
Source: “Analyse data using complex equipment and measuring systems.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 38 out of 100 (31–45 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: The analysis suits software, but the measurements come off equipment somebody has to operate.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Collecting data using computers, high technology measuring systems and sophisticated equipment
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: data, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 85 · 2112/06
Source: “Collect data using computers, high technology measuring systems, and sophisticated equipment.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 38 out of 100 (31–45 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Data handling is easy for software, but the readings are captured from real instruments in the lab.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Using terrestrial locomotor activity monitoring systems for movement studies
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: terrestrial locomotor activity monitoring systems, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 65 · 2112/07
Source: “Use terrestrial locomotor activity monitoring systems for movement studies.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 38 out of 100 (31–45 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: The movement data analyses easily, but the monitoring systems have to be set up and maintained physically.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Analysing and interpreting results from fine needle aspirations and polymerase chain reactions to diagnose conditions
staying human
The rules require a named, qualified person to answer for results, and that person cannot be a piece of software.
importance 95 · 2112/05
Source: “Analyse and interpret results from fine needle aspirations and polymerase chain reactions to diagnose conditions.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 35 out of 100 (28–42 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; someone qualified has to answer for it.
The rating behind it: Software reads these results well, but in the UK a registered practitioner must make the diagnosis.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 3/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Assigning or delegating responsibilities to department heads or managers
staying human
The value here is that a specific person handles responsibilities and stands behind it. That is earned, not computed.
importance 60 · 2112/05
Source: “Assign or delegate responsibilities to department heads or managers.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 35 out of 100 (28–42 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Software can suggest how to share out the work, but the decision and the conversation rest on knowing the people involved.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Managing and leading people projects within the organisation
staying human
The value here is that a specific person handles people projects within the organisation and stands behind it. That is earned, not computed.
importance 70 · 2112/06
Source: “Manage and lead people projects within the organisation.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 35 out of 100 (28–42 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Leading people projects is about steering colleagues and decisions rather than producing a document.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Evaluating effects of gases, pesticides, parasites and microorganisms at various levels
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: effects of gases, pesticides, parasites and microorganisms, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 2112/06
Source: “Evaluate effects of gases, pesticides, parasites, and microorganisms at various levels.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 33 out of 100 (26–40 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: The literature is strong, but establishing real effects means laboratory and field testing.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Advising Principal Investigators on suitable doses during clinical trials
staying human
The rules require a named, qualified person to answer for principal investigators, and that person cannot be a piece of software.
importance 85 · 2112/06
Source: “Advise Principal Investigators on suitable doses during clinical trials.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 31 out of 100 (24–38 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; someone qualified has to answer for it.
The rating behind it: Dose advice during a trial is a decision a qualified clinical pharmacologist must own.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 3/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Advising on the use of co-medications during clinical trials
staying human
The rules require a named, qualified person to answer for the use of co-medications during clinical trials, and that person cannot be a piece of software.
importance 80 · 2112/06
Source: “Advise on the use of co-medications during clinical trials.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 31 out of 100 (24–38 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; someone qualified has to answer for it.
The rating behind it: Advice on combining medicines in a trial must come from a qualified clinical pharmacologist.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 3/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Coordinating molecular or cellular research activities with scientists in other fields
staying human
The value here is that a specific person handles molecular and stands behind it. That is earned, not computed.
importance 70 · 2112/04
Source: “Coordinate molecular or cellular research activities with scientists in other fields.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 30 out of 100 (23–37 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Plans can be drafted, but coordinating research across fields runs on live discussion between scientists.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Consulting with doctors to interpret medical tests
staying human
The rules require a named, qualified person to answer for doctors, and that person cannot be a piece of software.
importance 85 · 2112/05
Source: “Consult with doctors to interpret medical tests.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 30 out of 100 (23–37 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; someone qualified has to answer for it; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Making sense of a test for a particular patient is a discussion between the lab and the doctor responsible for care.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Liaising with regulatory authorities to ensure compliance with local
staying human
The rules require a named, qualified person to answer for regulatory authorities, and that person cannot be a piece of software.
importance 85 · 2112/06
Source: “Liaise with regulatory authorities to ensure compliance with local, national, and international regulations and guidelines.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 30 out of 100 (23–37 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; someone qualified has to answer for it; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Correspondence can be drafted, but regulators expect a named, qualified person on the other end of the conversation.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Promoting best practice and ethical behaviour in line with regulatory policies
staying human
The value here is that a specific person handles best practice and stands behind it. That is earned, not computed.
importance 70 · 2112/07
Source: “Promote best practice and ethical behaviour in line with regulatory policies.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 30 out of 100 (23–37 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: The standards are written down, but persuading colleagues to follow them is personal.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Conducting fundraising activities as part of administrative duties in a zoo
staying human
The value here is that a specific person handles activities and stands behind it. That is earned, not computed.
importance 60 · 2112/07
Source: “Conduct fundraising activities as part of administrative duties in a zoo.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 30 out of 100 (23–37 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Appeals and applications draft well, but fundraising succeeds through relationships with real donors.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Studying soil, fertilisers and other factors which affect crop growth
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: soil, fertilisers and other factors, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 85 · 2112/01
Source: “Study soil, fertilisers and other factors which affect crop growth.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 29 out of 100 (22–36 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: The science is well documented, but studying soil and crops means sampling in fields and testing at the bench.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Assessing soil erosion from conservation tillage systems with mulch or ridge till systems
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: soil erosion, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 2112/01
Source: “Assess soil erosion from conservation tillage systems with mulch or ridge till systems.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 29 out of 100 (22–36 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Erosion models are well established, but assessing a real tillage system means inspecting the ground.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Developing improved measurement techniques for soil analysis
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: improved measurement techniques, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 2112/03
Source: “Develop improved measurement techniques for soil analysis.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 29 out of 100 (22–36 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Ideas for better measurement can be drafted, but improving a technique means testing it at the bench.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Studying the control of epidemics and antibiotic effects on microorganisms
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: the control of epidemics, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 85 · 2112/04
Source: “Study the control of epidemics and antibiotic effects on microorganisms.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 29 out of 100 (22–36 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: The literature is well documented, but studying antibiotic effects means culturing and testing organisms.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Investigating the relationship between organisms and disease
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: the relationship, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 80 · 2112/04, 2112/06
Source: “Investigate the relationship between organisms and disease.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 29 out of 100 (22–36 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Software reads the literature well, but establishing how an organism causes disease takes laboratory work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Researching bacteria characteristics to understand their impact on human and animal health
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: bacteria characteristics, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 80 · 2112/04
Source: “Research bacteria characteristics to understand their impact on human and animal health.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 29 out of 100 (22–36 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: The published science is easy to draw together, but characterising bacteria means culturing and testing them.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Evaluating new supplies and equipment to ensure operability in specific laboratory settings
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: new supplies, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 2112/04
Source: “Evaluate new supplies and equipment to ensure operability in specific laboratory settings.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 29 out of 100 (22–36 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Specifications are easy to compare, but checking equipment works in your own lab means trying it.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Developing new products and processes based on research findings
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: new products, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 85 · 2112/06
Source: “Develop new products and processes based on research findings.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 29 out of 100 (22–36 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Turning findings into a working product needs building and testing in the real world.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Investigating methods to increase the production scale of beneficial compounds
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: methods, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 85 · 2112/06
Source: “Investigate methods to increase the production scale of beneficial compounds.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 29 out of 100 (22–36 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Scale-up options can be modelled, but proving them means running the process physically.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Studying animal and human health and physiological processes
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: animal, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 2112/06
Source: “Study animal and human health and physiological processes.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 29 out of 100 (22–36 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Much of the literature work is deskbound, yet studying live physiology still means experiments someone has to run.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Planning land conservation programmes for industrial development projects
staying human
The ratings behind this row put land conservation programmes well outside what today's tools can do on their own.
importance 60 · 2112/03
Source: “Plan land conservation programmes for industrial development projects.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 28 out of 100 (21–35 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: mistakes that are cheap to catch.
The rating behind it: Conservation plans follow known methods, but what matters is the specific site, its wildlife and local negotiation.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Reporting to and advising clients in consultancy roles
staying human
The value here is that a specific person handles and advising clients and stands behind it. That is earned, not computed.
importance 65 · 2112/01
Source: “Report to and advise clients in consultancy roles.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 27 out of 100 (20–34 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: reading one thing and writing another; the same decision, made over and over; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Reports are easy to draft, but consultancy income rests on a client trusting the person giving the advice.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 3/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Organising and overseeing trials of new drugs and medicines
staying human
The rules require a named, qualified person to answer for trials of new drugs, and that person cannot be a piece of software.
importance 80 · 2112/04, 2112/06
Source: “Organise and oversee trials of new drugs and medicines, ensure quality control and secure approval for their use.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 27 out of 100 (20–34 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; someone qualified has to answer for it.
The rating behind it: Paperwork and quality checks can be drafted by software, but a trial of a new medicine needs named, qualified people answerable for it.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Liaising with professionals like ecologists and engineers in consultancy roles
staying human
The value here is that a specific person handles professionals like ecologists and stands behind it. That is earned, not computed.
importance 70 · 2112/01
Source: “Liaise with professionals like ecologists and engineers in consultancy roles.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 26 out of 100 (19–33 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Notes and summaries help, but working with ecologists and engineers depends on live professional discussion.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Making presentations and give seminars in education posts
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: presentations, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 2112/01
Source: “Make presentations and give seminars in education posts.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 26 out of 100 (19–33 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Slides and handouts are quick to prepare, but giving a seminar means being in front of the class.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Organising presentations and demonstrations for various stakeholders
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: presentations, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 2112/03
Source: “Organise presentations and demonstrations for various stakeholders.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 26 out of 100 (19–33 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: The materials are easy to prepare, but presenting to an audience means being there.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Providing scientific direction for project teams regarding the evaluation or handling of devices
staying human
The value here is that a specific person handles scientific direction and stands behind it. That is earned, not computed.
importance 85 · 2112/04
Source: “Provide scientific direction for project teams regarding the evaluation or handling of devices, medicines, or cells for in vitro and in vivo disease models.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 26 out of 100 (19–33 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Software can supply the evidence, but steering a project team depends on live judgement calls with colleagues.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Demonstrating best practices in pharmacology within the organisation
staying human
The value here is that a specific person handles best practices and stands behind it. That is earned, not computed.
importance 75 · 2112/06
Source: “Demonstrate best practices in pharmacology within the organisation.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 26 out of 100 (19–33 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Guidance is easy to write, but getting colleagues to change how they work happens person to person.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Developing methods to process foods
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: methods, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 85 · 2112/04
Source: “Develop methods to process foods, medicines, or chemical compounds.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 25 out of 100 (18–32 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Method development mixes documented chemistry with trial work that has to be run physically.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Developing detection systems for microbial contamination in healthcare settings
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: detection systems, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 80 · 2112/04
Source: “Develop detection systems for microbial contamination in healthcare settings.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 25 out of 100 (18–32 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: The design can be drafted, but a detection system has to be built and validated in a real setting.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Developing and testing new pathological techniques to improve diagnostic accuracy
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: new pathological techniques, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 85 · 2112/05
Source: “Develop and test new pathological techniques to improve diagnostic accuracy.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 25 out of 100 (18–32 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: New diagnostic techniques have to be built and validated at the bench, whatever the design work suggests.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Developing and testing new pharmacological techniques to improve drug efficacy
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: new pharmacological techniques, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 90 · 2112/06
Source: “Develop and test new pharmacological techniques to improve drug efficacy.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 25 out of 100 (18–32 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: New pharmacological techniques have to be built and tested physically, whatever the design work suggests.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Identifying substances or radiation to assess their impact on humans
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: substances, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 80 · 2112/06
Source: “Identify substances or radiation to assess their impact on humans, animals, plants, or ecosystems.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 25 out of 100 (18–32 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Identifying a substance and its effects usually means sampling and testing, not desk work alone.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Applying scientific knowledge to support and improve scientific and husbandry procedures
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: scientific knowledge, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 80 · 2112/07
Source: “Apply scientific knowledge to support and improve scientific and husbandry procedures.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 25 out of 100 (18–32 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: The science is documented, but improving husbandry procedures means working with the animals and staff.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Managing laboratory-based scientific projects, particularly during the winter months
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: laboratory-based scientific projects, particularly during the winter months, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 2112/03
Source: “Manage laboratory-based scientific projects, particularly during the winter months.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 24 out of 100 (17–31 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Plans and schedules can be drafted, but running a lab project means being in the building.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Overseeing animal care procedures to ensure health and welfare standards
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: animal care procedures, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 2112/07
Source: “Oversee animal care procedures to ensure health and welfare standards.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 24 out of 100 (17–31 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Checking that care standards are met means walking the site, though the standards themselves are written down.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Instructing college or university students in academic subjects
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: college, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 2112/02
Source: “Instruct college or university students in academic subjects.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 23 out of 100 (16–30 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Course material is easy to produce, but teaching students works through live sessions and questions.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 4/4.
Planning and overseeing the work of pathology staff
staying human
The rules require a named, qualified person to answer for the work of pathology staff, and that person cannot be a piece of software.
importance 70 · 2112/05
Source: “Plan and oversee the work of pathology staff, residents, and visiting pathologists.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 23 out of 100 (16–30 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; someone qualified has to answer for it; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Planning is straightforward, but leading pathology staff depends on professional judgement and working relationships.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Leading on the clinical pharmacology components of organisational interactions with Regulatory Agencies
staying human
The rules require a named, qualified person to answer for the clinical pharmacology components of organisational interactions, and that person cannot be a piece of software.
importance 80 · 2112/06
Source: “Lead on the clinical pharmacology components of organisational interactions with Regulatory Agencies (e.g. the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency) to ensure that planned trials or studies are being conducted in a safe and effective manner.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 23 out of 100 (16–30 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; someone qualified has to answer for it; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Regulator dealings run on professional accountability and live negotiation, not documents alone.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Carrying out environmental impact assessments
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: environmental impact assessments, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 75 · 2112/03
Source: “Carry out environmental impact assessments.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 22 out of 100 (15–29 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.
The rating behind it: The report can be largely drafted, but the survey work happens on site and a competent expert must stand behind it.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Adapting procedures and tests for specimen analysis in medical laboratories
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: procedures, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 90 · 2112/05
Source: “Adapt procedures and tests for specimen analysis in medical laboratories.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 22 out of 100 (15–29 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.
The rating behind it: Adapting a test needs bench trials and validation, and lab accreditation requires a qualified scientist to own the change.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Developing new and refining existing tests for clinical investigations
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: new and refining existing tests, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 80 · 2112/05
Source: “Develop new and refine existing tests for clinical investigations.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 22 out of 100 (15–29 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.
The rating behind it: Refining a clinical test means running it repeatedly in the lab under qualified supervision.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Supervising land use activities and disease or insect control programmes
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: land use activities, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 2112/01
Source: “Supervise land use activities and disease or insect control programmes.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 21 out of 100 (14–28 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Programmes can be planned on paper, but overseeing land use and control work means being out on the site.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Maintaining effective relations with agencies and the public to develop information and interpret findings
staying human
The value here is that a specific person handles effective relations and stands behind it. That is earned, not computed.
importance 60 · 2112/02
Source: “Maintain effective relations with agencies and the public to develop information and interpret findings.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 21 out of 100 (14–28 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Keeping agencies and the public on side depends on relationships a named scientist maintains personally.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 3/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Directing biological laboratory activities
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: biological laboratory activities, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 75 · 2112/04
Source: “Direct biological laboratory activities.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 21 out of 100 (14–28 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Rotas and priorities can be drafted, but directing a working lab means being on the floor.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Implementing measures to prevent the spread of infectious diseases
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: measures, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 75 · 2112/04
Source: “Implement measures to prevent the spread of infectious diseases.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 21 out of 100 (14–28 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Infection control guidance is documented, but putting measures in place happens in real buildings with real people.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Overseeing product trials
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: product trials, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 75 · 2112/04
Source: “Oversee product trials.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 21 out of 100 (14–28 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Trial paperwork and analysis can be drafted by software, but running a product trial means being where the product is being used.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Leading complex communications with stakeholders as part of a multidisciplinary team
staying human
The value here is that a specific person handles complex communications and stands behind it. That is earned, not computed.
importance 70 · 2112/06
Source: “Lead complex communications with stakeholders as part of a multidisciplinary team.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 21 out of 100 (14–28 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Complex stakeholder communication works because a person is trusted to lead it.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 3/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Coordinating preventive programmes to control the outbreak of wildlife diseases
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: preventive programmes, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 80 · 2112/07
Source: “Coordinate preventive programmes to control the outbreak of wildlife diseases.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 21 out of 100 (14–28 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: A control programme can be planned on paper, but running it happens across real sites and populations.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Supervising agricultural research activities to improve crop yields
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: agricultural research activities, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 75 · 2112/01
Source: “Supervise agricultural research activities to improve crop yields.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 20 out of 100 (13–27 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Plans and schedules can be drafted, but supervising a research team means being there with them.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Creating innovative technology to advance microbiological research and applications
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: innovative technology, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 75 · 2112/04
Source: “Create innovative technology to advance microbiological research and applications.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 20 out of 100 (13–27 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Software suggests ideas, but building genuinely new laboratory technology takes physical development and testing.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Teaching medical and laboratory procedures to students and technicians
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: medical and laboratory procedures, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 75 · 2112/05, 2112/06
Source: “Teach medical and laboratory procedures to students and technicians.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 20 out of 100 (13–27 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Notes and demonstrations can be prepared, but teaching a laboratory procedure means standing at the bench with the learner.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Designing and carrying out specific scientific experiments to test hypotheses
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: specific scientific experiments, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 85 · 2112/07
Source: “Design and carry out specific scientific experiments to test hypotheses.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 20 out of 100 (13–27 allowing for uncertainty): low exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Experiments can be designed on paper, but carrying them out involves handling animals and equipment.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Locating and identifying pests or weeds for control operations
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: pests, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 75 · 2112/01
Source: “Locate and identify pests or weeds for control operations.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 19 out of 100 (12–26 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Software identifies pests and weeds from images very well, but someone has to be in the field finding them.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Recording environmental data from field samples to monitor the effectiveness of IPM practices
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: environmental data, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 75 · 2112/01
Source: “Record environmental data from field samples to monitor the effectiveness of IPM practices.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 19 out of 100 (12–26 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Logging and analysing the readings is easy for software; collecting them from field samples is not.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 3/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Maintaining working relationships and communicating effectively with internal and external stakeholders
staying human
The value here is that a specific person handles relationships and stands behind it. That is earned, not computed.
importance 65 · 2112/02
Source: “Maintain working relationships and communicate effectively with internal and external stakeholders.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 18 out of 100 (11–25 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Working relationships with stakeholders are built person to person over time.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 3/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Managing and overseeing laboratory work
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: laboratory work, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 80 · 2112/04, 2112/05
Source: “Manage and oversee laboratory work.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 18 out of 100 (11–25 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Running a lab means being present, sorting out equipment and people problems as they happen.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Diagnosing diseases using techniques, gross pathology, histology and cytology
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: diseases, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 95 · 2112/05
Source: “Diagnose diseases using techniques such as gross pathology, histology, and cytology.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 18 out of 100 (11–25 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.
The rating behind it: Slides are prepared and read by hand, and the diagnosis is legally a registered practitioner's decision.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 3/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Developing others through effective coaching
staying human
The value here is that a specific person handles this work and stands behind it. That is earned, not computed.
importance 70 · 2112/06
Source: “Develop others through effective coaching, mentoring, and training.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 18 out of 100 (14–22 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Coaching and mentoring work through a trusting relationship with a particular person.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 3/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Determining a final diagnosis by consulting with a pathologist when abnormal cells are found
staying human
The rules require a named, qualified person to answer for a final diagnosis, and that person cannot be a piece of software.
importance 90 · 2112/05
Source: “Determine a final diagnosis by consulting with a pathologist when abnormal cells are found.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 17 out of 100 (10–24 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: someone qualified has to answer for it.
The rating behind it: The final word on abnormal cells belongs to a registered pathologist, who is personally answerable for the diagnosis.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 0/4 · needs an accountable person 3/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Attending continuing education programmes to address and resolve laboratory issues
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: education programmes, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 2112/05
Source: “Attend continuing education programmes to address and resolve laboratory issues.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 17 out of 100 (10–24 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Attending training is something the person has to do themselves, because the learning has to land in their own head.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Training or mentoring early-career pharmacologists
staying human
The value here is that a specific person handles early-career pharmacologists and stands behind it. That is earned, not computed.
importance 75 · 2112/06
Source: “Train or mentor early-career pharmacologists.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 17 out of 100 (10–24 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Mentoring an early-career scientist works through an ongoing personal relationship.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 3/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Developing bioremediation processes to reduce pollution and protect the environment
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: bioremediation processes, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 75 · 2112/04
Source: “Develop bioremediation processes to reduce pollution and protect the environment.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 16 out of 100 (9–23 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Developing bioremediation processes is laboratory and field research.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Undertaking research to advance knowledge in specific fields
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: research, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 2112/05
Source: “Undertake research to advance knowledge in specific fields.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 16 out of 100 (9–23 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: New biological knowledge comes from bench and field experiments someone has to run, with software helping only around the edges.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Explaining and advising patients on the results of their tests
staying human
The rules require a named, qualified person to answer for patients, and that person cannot be a piece of software.
importance 70 · 2112/05
Source: “Explain and advise patients on the results of their tests.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 15 out of 100 (8–22 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: someone qualified has to answer for it; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Software can explain what a result means, but people want the news, and the reassurance, from a trusted clinician.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 3/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Managing medical laboratories
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: medical laboratories, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 2112/05
Source: “Manage medical laboratories.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 15 out of 100 (8–22 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Running a laboratory mixes documented management tasks with being present among staff and equipment.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Developing or testing medications, treatments or procedures to prevent or control disease or injury
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: medications, treatments or procedures, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 90 · 2112/06
Source: “Develop or test medications, treatments, or procedures to prevent or control disease or injury.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 15 out of 100 (8–22 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.
The rating behind it: Developing and testing treatments needs laboratory and clinical work, with qualified people answerable for anything given to patients.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Analysing soil samples in the laboratory
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: soil samples, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 80 · 2112/01
Source: “Analyse soil samples in the laboratory.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 14 out of 100 (7–21 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Reading the numbers is easy, but the soil has to be handled and put through the instruments by someone.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Conducting plant disease surveys
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: plant disease surveys, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 80 · 2112/01
Source: “Conduct plant disease surveys.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 14 out of 100 (7–21 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Software helps spot patterns in the results, but a disease survey means walking the crop and taking samples.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Carrying out tests on seeds to evaluate seed viability
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: tests, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 75 · 2112/01
Source: “Carry out tests on seeds to evaluate seed viability.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 14 out of 100 (7–21 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Counting germination is straightforward to record, but the seeds must be set up and checked by hand.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Determining the germination rates of seeds in specified areas
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: the germination rates of seeds, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 75 · 2112/01
Source: “Determine the germination rates of seeds in specified areas.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 14 out of 100 (7–21 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: The maths is trivial, but establishing germination rates means setting up and inspecting real seed.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Studying reactions of plants, animals and marine species to parasites
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: reactions of plants, animals and marine species, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 75 · 2112/02
Source: “Study reactions of plants, animals, and marine species to parasites.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 14 out of 100 (7–21 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Studying how species react to parasites means observing and testing living things directly.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Measuring properties of bodies of water
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: properties of bodies of water, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 2112/02
Source: “Measure properties of bodies of water, including levels, volume, and flow.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 14 out of 100 (7–21 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Levels and flows have to be measured at the water itself, even if the numbers are then processed automatically.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Identifying and selecting plants exhibiting desirable traits
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: plants exhibiting desirable traits, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 85 · 2112/03
Source: “Identify and select plants exhibiting desirable traits, based on natural genetic variation.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 14 out of 100 (7–21 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Selecting plants with the traits you want means inspecting real plants in the field or glasshouse.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Performing laboratory services for community environmental health programmes
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: laboratory services, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 85 · 2112/04
Source: “Perform laboratory services for community environmental health programmes.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 14 out of 100 (7–21 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Running lab services for public health work means handling and testing real samples.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Using other identification methods to test samples
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: other identification methods, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 80 · 2112/04
Source: “Use other identification methods to test samples.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 14 out of 100 (7–21 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Confirmatory tests on samples are carried out physically at the bench.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Assisting in identifying microbial organisms to advance microbiological research
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: identifying microbial organisms, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 75 · 2112/04
Source: “Assist in identifying microbial organisms to advance microbiological research.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 14 out of 100 (7–21 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Identifying organisms involves handling cultures and instruments, even where software helps match the results.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Monitoring microorganisms
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: microorganisms, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 75 · 2112/04
Source: “Monitor microorganisms.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 14 out of 100 (7–21 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Monitoring organisms means culturing and inspecting them, even if the readings are logged automatically.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Monitoring wildlife populations to assess impacts of forestry operations
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: wildlife populations, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 80 · 2112/07
Source: “Monitor wildlife populations to assess impacts of forestry operations.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 14 out of 100 (7–21 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Wildlife monitoring means surveys in the field, even though the analysis afterwards is straightforward.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Crossbreeding animals with existing strains to obtain new combinations of desirable characteristics
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: animals, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 75 · 2112/07
Source: “Crossbreed animals with existing strains to obtain new combinations of desirable characteristics.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 14 out of 100 (7–21 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Software can plan the crosses, but breeding animals means managing living stock.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Stocktaking plant populations to assess biodiversity
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: plant populations, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 2112/07
Source: “Stocktake plant populations to assess biodiversity.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 14 out of 100 (7–21 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Counting plant populations for a biodiversity check means surveying the site on foot.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Examining animals or crop specimens to determine the presence of diseases or problems
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: animals, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 80 · 2112/01
Source: “Examine animals or crop specimens to determine the presence of diseases or problems.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 13 out of 100 (6–20 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Image tools help identify disease, but the specimen has to be handled and examined.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Identifying degraded or contaminated soils
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: degraded, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 65 · 2112/03
Source: “Identify degraded or contaminated soils.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 13 out of 100 (6–20 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Contamination is confirmed by sampling the ground, even though the assessment is written up afterwards.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Monitoring and assessing environmental samples from a range of sources to detect pollutants
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: environmental samples, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 85 · 2112/04
Source: “Monitor and assess environmental samples from a range of sources to detect pollutants.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 13 out of 100 (6–20 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: The results are easy to interpret, but the samples must be collected and put through instruments.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Consulting with doctors to coordinate patient treatment plans
staying human
The rules require a named, qualified person to answer for doctors, and that person cannot be a piece of software.
importance 80 · 2112/05
Source: “Consult with doctors to coordinate patient treatment plans.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 13 out of 100 (6–20 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: someone qualified has to answer for it; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Treatment plans are agreed in conversation between clinicians who carry responsibility for the patient.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Ensuring the structure and purity of compounds
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: the structure, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 85 · 2112/06
Source: “Ensure the structure and purity of compounds are correct.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 13 out of 100 (6–20 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Confirming structure and purity means running the compound through instruments in the lab.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Identifying, monitoring and addressing invasive species and other threats
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: invasive species, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 80 · 2112/07
Source: “Identify, monitor and address invasive species and other threats.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 13 out of 100 (6–20 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Invasive species have to be found and dealt with on the ground.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Monitoring animal behaviour, welfare and population to ensure their well-
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: animal behaviour, welfare and population, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 75 · 2112/07
Source: “Monitor animal behaviour, welfare, and population to ensure their well-being.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 13 out of 100 (6–20 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Welfare and behaviour are judged by watching real animals day to day.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Working with other professionals and supporting staff
staying human
The value here is that a specific person handles other professionals and stands behind it. That is earned, not computed.
importance 75 · 2112/07
Source: “Work with other professionals and support staff.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 13 out of 100 (6–20 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Working alongside other professionals runs on personal relationships and give-and-take that software cannot stand in for.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 3/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Coordinating the transfer and relocation of animals within facilities
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: the transfer, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 2112/07
Source: “Coordinate the transfer and relocation of animals within facilities.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 13 out of 100 (6–20 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Moving animals between facilities is physical work with living creatures.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Organising and conducting field trials to find solutions to clients' problems
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: field trials, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 80 · 2112/01
Source: “Organise and conduct field trials to find solutions to clients' problems.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 12 out of 100 (5–19 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Trial designs can be drafted quickly, but running a field trial means being out in the plots all season.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Conducting medical research to control and cure diseases
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: medical research, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 75 · 2112/02
Source: “Conduct medical research to control and cure diseases.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 12 out of 100 (5–19 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.
The rating behind it: Medical research advances through experiments and trials that people run, with qualified oversight where patients are involved.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Taking an active role in relevant meetings during clinical trials
staying human
The value here is that a specific person handles an active role and stands behind it. That is earned, not computed.
importance 80 · 2112/06
Source: “Take an active role in relevant meetings during clinical trials.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 12 out of 100 (5–19 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Taking an active part in trial meetings means being in the room contributing judgement.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 1/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 3/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Managing wild animal populations through study and conservation practices
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: wild animal populations, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 75 · 2112/02, 2112/07
Source: “Manage wild animal populations through study and conservation practices.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 11 out of 100 (4–18 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: mistakes that are cheap to catch; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Managing wild populations means fieldwork and licensed intervention, not analysis alone.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Carrying out urine analysis as part of diagnostic procedures
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: urine analysis, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 85 · 2112/05
Source: “Carry out urine analysis as part of diagnostic procedures.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 11 out of 100 (4–18 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.
The rating behind it: Urine testing is done physically in the lab under professional oversight.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Examining cell samples to detect abnormalities in the colour
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: cell samples, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 85 · 2112/05
Source: “Examine cell samples to detect abnormalities in the colour, shape, or size of cellular components.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 11 out of 100 (4–18 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.
The rating behind it: Image software is genuinely good at spotting odd-looking cells, but slides still have to be prepared and read on a microscope.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Conducting clinical trials for medicine testing
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: clinical trials, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 95 · 2112/06
Source: “Conduct clinical trials for medicine testing.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 11 out of 100 (4–18 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.
The rating behind it: Trials on medicines need a qualified investigator legally answerable for them, plus people to run the visits and samples.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 3/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Performing experiments using mass spectrometers
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: experiments, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 2112/01
Source: “Perform experiments using mass spectrometers.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 10 out of 100 (3–17 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Running a mass spectrometer means preparing samples and operating the instrument in the lab.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Presenting agricultural techniques in demonstrations
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: agricultural techniques, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 2112/01
Source: “Present agricultural techniques in demonstrations.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 10 out of 100 (3–17 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: A demonstration works because people watch a technique done in front of them.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Supervising laboratory technicians in conducting experiments
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: laboratory technicians, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 65 · 2112/02, 2112/04
Source: “Supervise laboratory technicians in conducting experiments.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 10 out of 100 (3–17 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Supervising technicians at the bench means being present to see how the work is going.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Conducting research to develop energy crops with improved yield and environmental adaptability
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: research, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 2112/03
Source: “Conduct research to develop energy crops with improved yield and environmental adaptability.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 10 out of 100 (3–17 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Breeding better energy crops takes years of growing and testing real plants.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Conducting research on microorganisms' processes for producing antibodies
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: research, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 85 · 2112/04
Source: “Conduct research on microorganisms' processes for producing antibodies, vaccines, and hormones.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 10 out of 100 (3–17 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Research into how microbes make useful compounds happens at the bench with live cultures.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Investigating the use of bacteria to develop antibiotics
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: the use of bacteria, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 85 · 2112/04
Source: “Investigate the use of bacteria to develop antibiotics.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 10 out of 100 (3–17 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Screening bacteria for antibiotic potential is bench work with live organisms.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Observing action of microorganisms upon living tissues of plants and higher animals
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: action of microorganisms upon living tissues of plants, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 80 · 2112/04
Source: “Observe action of microorganisms upon living tissues of plants and higher animals.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 10 out of 100 (3–17 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Watching what microbes do to living tissue means work down a microscope.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Carrying out chemical analyses of substances
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: chemical analyses of substances, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 2112/04
Source: “Carry out chemical analyses of substances such as acids, alcohols, and enzymes.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 10 out of 100 (3–17 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: The analysis itself happens at the bench with real substances, though software can help plan it and read the numbers.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Developing assays that monitor cell characteristics
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: assays, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 2112/04
Source: “Develop assays that monitor cell characteristics.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 10 out of 100 (3–17 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Developing an assay means building and testing it physically with real cells.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Adhering to health and safety requirements in the workplace
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: health, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 2112/06
Source: “Adhere to health and safety requirements in the workplace.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 10 out of 100 (3–17 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Working safely is about how a person behaves in the building, not something software can do on their behalf.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Observing and researching animals in captivity and their natural habitats
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: animals, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 90 · 2112/07
Source: “Observe and research animals in captivity and their natural habitats.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 10 out of 100 (3–17 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Observing animals in captivity or the wild means being there watching them.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Delivering educational sessions in field or researching centre settings
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: educational sessions, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 80 · 2112/07
Source: “Deliver educational sessions in field or research centre settings.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 10 out of 100 (3–17 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Teaching sessions in the field or at a centre depend on being there with the group.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Adhering to standards of specimen collection to maintain effective laboratory operations
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: standards of specimen collection, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 2112/01, 2112/05
Source: “Adhere to standards of specimen collection to maintain effective laboratory operations.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 9 out of 100 (2–16 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Collecting and handling specimens correctly is physical work with the sample in front of you.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Maintaining and developing relationships with farmers
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: relationships, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 65 · 2112/01
Source: “Maintain and develop relationships with farmers, growers, and external bodies involved in carrying out actions arising from advisory decisions.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 9 out of 100 (2–16 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Long-term trust with growers and industry bodies is built person to person over years.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 3/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Identifying business or technical problems of horticultural clients on site
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: business, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 2112/03
Source: “Identify business or technical problems of horticultural clients on site.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 9 out of 100 (2–16 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Spotting what is going wrong on a client's site means walking it with them.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Managing, supporting and training technical and field staff
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: technical and field staff, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 55 · 2112/03
Source: “Manage, support and train technical and field staff.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 9 out of 100 (2–16 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Managing and developing staff works through personal relationships built over time.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 3/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Developing products, enzymes, vitamins, hormones and antimicrobials
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: products, enzymes, vitamins, hormones and antimicrobials, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 85 · 2112/04
Source: “Develop products such as enzymes, vitamins, hormones and antimicrobials.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 9 out of 100 (2–16 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Developing enzymes, vitamins or hormones means real laboratory production and testing.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Developing new microbiological products to improve health outcomes
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: new microbiological products, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 80 · 2112/04
Source: “Develop new microbiological products to improve health outcomes.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 9 out of 100 (2–16 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: New microbiological products are made and proven in the laboratory.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Overseeing technical personnel and postdoctoral fellows in conducting research projects
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: technical personnel, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 80 · 2112/04
Source: “Oversee technical personnel and postdoctoral fellows in conducting research projects.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 9 out of 100 (2–16 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Supervising researchers and postdocs is mentoring, which depends on a working relationship.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 3/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Diagnosing infections by conducting tests to detect antibodies in patients' immune systems
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: infections, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 2112/04, 2112/05
Source: “Diagnose infections by conducting tests to detect antibodies in patients' immune systems.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 9 out of 100 (2–16 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.
The rating behind it: The test is run by hand, and in the UK the diagnostic result must be issued by a registered practitioner.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 2/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 3/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Performing diagnostic tests involving gel electrophoresis
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: diagnostic tests involving gel electrophoresis, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 90 · 2112/05
Source: “Perform diagnostic tests involving gel electrophoresis, Southern blot analysis, and polymerase chain reaction analysis.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 9 out of 100 (2–16 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: These are hands-on bench procedures, and software can help read the results but cannot run the gel or the reaction.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Ensuring optimal patient care in collaboration with other healthcare professionals
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: optimal patient care, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 80 · 2112/05
Source: “Ensure optimal patient care in collaboration with other healthcare professionals.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 9 out of 100 (2–16 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Getting care right for a patient depends on judgement shared between qualified clinicians who know the case.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Testing medicines on cells in laboratory settings
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: medicines, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 85 · 2112/06
Source: “Test medicines on cells in laboratory settings.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 9 out of 100 (2–16 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Testing a compound on cells is pipetting and incubating in a lab, with only the analysis afterwards done at a desk.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Supervising and coordinating activities of technicians and technical assistants
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: activities of technicians, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 75 · 2112/06
Source: “Supervise and coordinate activities of technicians and technical assistants.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 9 out of 100 (5–13 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Supervising technicians is a person-to-person job built on knowing their work, though task lists can be drafted automatically.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 3/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Monitoring and supporting volunteers in their tasks
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: volunteers, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 2112/07
Source: “Monitor and support volunteers in their tasks.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 9 out of 100 (5–13 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Keeping volunteers going takes noticing how they are doing and encouraging them in person.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 3/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Attending conferences, seminars and training sessions to stay informed about field developments
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: conferences, seminars and training sessions, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 65 · 2112/01
Source: “Attend conferences, seminars, and training sessions to stay informed about field developments.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 8 out of 100 (1–15 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Attending conferences and training is about being there and meeting people in the field.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Conducting laboratory analyses of samples to detect disease
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: laboratory analyses of samples, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 80 · 2112/04
Source: “Conduct laboratory analyses of samples to detect disease.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 8 out of 100 (1–15 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.
The rating behind it: Testing samples for disease is bench work with instruments, and the result must be released by properly registered lab staff.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Inspecting food products and processing procedures to determine whether products are safe to eat
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: food products, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 80 · 2112/04
Source: “Inspect food products and processing procedures to determine whether products are safe to eat.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 8 out of 100 (1–15 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.
The rating behind it: Deciding whether food is safe means looking, smelling and sampling on the premises, which needs a person there.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Developing new medical treatments using microbiology techniques
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: new medical treatments, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 75 · 2112/04
Source: “Develop new medical treatments using microbiology techniques.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 8 out of 100 (1–15 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.
The rating behind it: New treatments are developed through laboratory work under strict professional oversight.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Inspecting specimens to identify abnormal hormone conditions
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: specimens, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 85 · 2112/05
Source: “Inspect specimens to identify abnormal hormone conditions.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 8 out of 100 (1–15 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.
The rating behind it: Hormone testing is instrument work on real samples, with results released by properly qualified laboratory staff.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 2/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Supervising and teaching junior medical staff
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: junior medical staff, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 80 · 2112/05
Source: “Supervise and teach junior medical staff, depending on the post.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 8 out of 100 (1–15 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Teaching junior staff works through watching them, correcting them in the moment and building their confidence.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 3/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Conducting chemical experiments to develop new compounds or products
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: chemical experiments, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 90 · 2112/06
Source: “Conduct chemical experiments to develop new compounds or products.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 8 out of 100 (4–12 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Running chemical experiments means handling substances and equipment at the bench.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Protecting endangered land and marine plants and animals
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: endangered land, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 80 · 2112/02
Source: “Protect endangered land and marine plants and animals.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 7 out of 100 (0–14 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Protecting rare species happens on the ground, and much of what works is local knowledge nobody has written down.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Inventing new sterilisation products for medical equipment
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: new sterilisation products, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 85 · 2112/04
Source: “Invent new sterilisation products for medical equipment.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 7 out of 100 (0–14 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Inventing a new sterilisation product means formulating and testing it physically.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Giving presentations to schools and community groups
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: presentations, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 75 · 2112/07
Source: “Give presentations to schools and community groups.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 7 out of 100 (3–11 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Presenting to a school or community group means standing in front of them.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Conducting routine laboratory tests on fluid and tissue samples
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: routine laboratory tests, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 90 · 2112/05
Source: “Conduct routine laboratory tests on fluid and tissue samples, including cervical smear tests, to detect abnormalities.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 6 out of 100 (0–13 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it.
The rating behind it: Screening tests are bench work, and in the UK the result may only be reported by properly registered laboratory staff.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 3/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Liaising with and visiting other scientists
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: and visiting other scientists, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 2112/03
Source: “Liaise with and visit other scientists, commercial breeders and funding bodies.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 4 out of 100 (0–11 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Visiting scientists, breeders and funders is about being there and being known.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 3/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Acting as an expert witness during legal proceedings
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: an expert witness during legal proceedings, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 2112/05
Source: “Act as an expert witness during legal proceedings.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 4 out of 100 (0–11 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, medium confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: A report can be drafted with help, but the court needs a named expert who personally attends and answers for the opinion.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 1/4 · needs a body in a room 3/4 · needs an accountable person 3/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Giving evidence in court
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: evidence, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 2112/05
Source: “Give evidence in court.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 1 out of 100 (0–5 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Evidence in court must be given on oath by the named person who did the work, and nothing can stand in for them.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 2/4 · needs an accountable person 4/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Collecting soil samples from various environments during fieldwork
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: soil samples, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 75 · 2112/01
Source: “Collect soil samples from various environments during fieldwork.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Taking soil samples in the field is physical outdoor work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Measuring potential hydrogen, pH) levels with pH meters in tests
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: potential hydrogen, ph) levels, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 75 · 2112/01
Source: “Measure potential hydrogen (pH) levels with pH meters in tests.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Taking a pH reading means holding the meter in the sample.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Preparing laboratory solutions, cultures and specimens for analysis
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: laboratory solutions, cultures and specimens, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 75 · 2112/01
Source: “Prepare laboratory solutions, cultures, and specimens for analysis.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Preparing solutions and cultures is physical bench work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Setting up laboratory or field equipment as required for site testing
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: laboratory, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 75 · 2112/01
Source: “Set up laboratory or field equipment as required for site testing.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Setting equipment up on site or in the lab is physical work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Utilising air samplers in laboratory or field tests
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: air samplers, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 75 · 2112/01
Source: “Utilise air samplers in laboratory or field tests.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Running an air sampler means physically deploying and collecting it.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Employing nitrogen determination apparatus for testing
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: nitrogen determination apparatus, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 2112/01
Source: “Employ nitrogen determination apparatus for testing.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Running nitrogen determination apparatus is bench work with your hands.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Measuring chemicals or compounds in accordance with detailed instructions or formulas
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: chemicals, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 70 · 2112/01
Source: “Measure chemicals or compounds in accordance with detailed instructions or formulas.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Weighing out chemicals to a formula is hands-on work at the bench.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Travelling to different project sites to conduct field research and data collection
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: different project sites, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 65 · 2112/01
Source: “Travel to different project sites to conduct field research and data collection.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Travelling to sites to gather field data is physical work away from a desk.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Constructing and maintaining standard laboratory equipment
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: standard laboratory equipment, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 2112/01
Source: “Construct and maintain standard laboratory equipment such as centrifuges and titrators.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Building and repairing lab equipment needs hands on the machines.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Maintaining agricultural facilities, equipment and tools for operational readiness
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: agricultural facilities, equipment and tools, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 60 · 2112/01
Source: “Maintain agricultural facilities, equipment, and tools for operational readiness.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Keeping farm buildings, equipment and tools working is hands-on maintenance.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Harvesting crops as part of crop production duties
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: crops, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 50 · 2112/01
Source: “Harvest crops as part of crop production duties.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Harvesting a crop is physical outdoor labour.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Maintaining cuttings of plants in a nursery
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: cuttings of plants, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 50 · 2112/01
Source: “Maintain cuttings of plants in a nursery.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Looking after nursery cuttings is daily hands-on plant care.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 1/4.
Conducting laboratory or field experiments with plants
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: laboratory, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 85 · 2112/03
Source: “Conduct laboratory or field experiments with plants, animals, insects, diseases, and soils.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–7 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence, and it moved between repeat runs, so the range is widened.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Running experiments with plants, animals and soils is hands-on laboratory and field work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Conducting experiments investigating how soil forms
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: experiments investigating how soil forms, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 80 · 2112/03
Source: “Conduct experiments investigating how soil forms, changes, or interacts with land-based ecosystems or living organisms.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Soil formation experiments are set up and run physically.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Producing virus-free plants by multiplying up
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: virus-free plants, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 75 · 2112/03
Source: “Produce virus-free plants by multiplying up.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Multiplying up clean plant stock is hands-on propagation work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Operating specialised equipment like electron microscopes and gas chromatographs for scientific analysis
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: specialised equipment like electron microscopes, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 85 · 2112/04
Source: “Operate specialised equipment like electron microscopes and gas chromatographs for scientific analysis.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Operating an electron microscope or gas chromatograph is hands-on instrument work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Carrying out infection control procedures
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: infection control procedures, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 80 · 2112/04
Source: “Carry out infection control procedures.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Infection control is done with hands, cleaning, equipment and protective kit in the actual space.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 1/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Cultivating microbial organisms for study
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: microbial organisms, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 80 · 2112/04
Source: “Cultivate microbial organisms for study.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Growing microbial cultures is hands-on laboratory work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Following regular sampling schedules within a specific environment
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: regular sampling schedules within a specific environment, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 80 · 2112/04
Source: “Follow regular sampling schedules within a specific environment.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Going out and taking samples on schedule is physical work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Processing and analysing biological samples to advance microbiological research
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: biological samples, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 80 · 2112/04
Source: “Process and analyse biological samples to advance microbiological research.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Preparing and running biological samples is bench work with your hands.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Conducting DNA sequencing as per laboratory protocols
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: DNA, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 75 · 2112/04
Source: “Conduct DNA sequencing as per laboratory protocols.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Running DNA sequencing to protocol is hands-on laboratory work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Purifying RNA according to laboratory protocols
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: RNA, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 75 · 2112/04
Source: “Purify RNA according to laboratory protocols.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Purifying RNA at the bench is manual laboratory work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Carrying out post-mortems to determine causes of deaths
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: post-mortems, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 95 · 2112/05
Source: “Carry out post-mortems to determine causes of deaths.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Carrying out a post-mortem is physical work on the body.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Obtaining specimens through biopsies or fine needle aspirations of superficial nodules
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: specimens, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 90 · 2112/05
Source: “Obtain specimens through biopsies or fine needle aspirations of superficial nodules.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Taking a biopsy or aspiration is a physical procedure on a patient.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Taking fine-needle aspiration cytology specimens in breast clinics
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: fine-needle aspiration cytology specimens, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 90 · 2112/05
Source: “Take fine-needle aspiration cytology specimens in breast clinics when required.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Taking a needle sample from a patient is a physical, clinical act performed by a trained professional in person.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 3/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Preparing cell samples by applying special staining techniques to differentiate cells or cell components
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: cell samples, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 85 · 2112/05
Source: “Prepare cell samples by applying special staining techniques to differentiate cells or cell components.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Staining a sample is hands-on bench work that produces a physical slide.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 1/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Delivering clinical care to patients as a histopathologist
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: clinical care, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 75 · 2112/05
Source: “Deliver clinical care to patients as a histopathologist.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Caring for patients directly requires a doctor physically with them.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 3/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Conducting regular ward rounds
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: regular ward rounds, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 50 · 2112/05
Source: “Conduct regular ward rounds.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: A ward round happens at the bedside, with patients and staff physically present.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 3/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 3/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Examining patients to assess their current condition and health
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: patients, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 50 · 2112/05
Source: “Examine patients to assess their current condition and health.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world; someone qualified has to answer for it; the value is that a specific person does it.
The rating behind it: Examining someone means being in the room with them, looking and touching, which software cannot do.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 3/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 2/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Processing and analysing biological samples to develop pharmaceutical products
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: biological samples, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 90 · 2112/06
Source: “Process and analyse biological samples to develop pharmaceutical products.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Preparing and running biological samples is hands-on laboratory work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Operating scientific instruments to separate and analysing products
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: scientific instruments, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 85 · 2112/06
Source: “Operate scientific instruments to separate and analyse products.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Operating separation and analysis instruments is hands-on bench work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Using flow cytometers to analyse cell populations
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: flow cytometers, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 85 · 2112/06
Source: “Use flow cytometers to analyse cell populations.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Running samples on a flow cytometer is hands-on instrument work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Operating, calibrating or maintaining equipment used in quantitative or qualitative analysis
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: equipment, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 80 · 2112/06
Source: “Operate, calibrate, or maintain equipment used in quantitative or qualitative analysis, such as spectrophotometers, calorimeters, flame photometers, or computer-controlled analysers.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Operating and calibrating analytical instruments needs hands on the equipment.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Using electron microscopy to analyse specimens
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: electron microscopy, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 80 · 2112/06
Source: “Use electron microscopy to analyse specimens.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Using an electron microscope is hands-on instrument work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Collecting biological samples from animals for research
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: biological samples, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 90 · 2112/07
Source: “Collect biological samples from animals for research.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Taking samples from animals is hands-on work with living creatures.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Collecting and dissecting animal specimens
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: animal specimens, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 85 · 2112/07
Source: “Collect and dissect animal specimens.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Collecting and dissecting specimens is physical laboratory work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Conducting animal-based studies and laboratory trials
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: animal-based studies, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 85 · 2112/07
Source: “Conduct animal-based studies and laboratory trials.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Running animal studies and laboratory trials is hands-on regulated work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Preparing biological and chemical specimens for laboratory analysis
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: biological, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 85 · 2112/07
Source: “Prepare biological and chemical specimens for laboratory analysis.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Preparing specimens is careful physical work with real samples.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Preparing and raising biological specimens for scientific study and observation in experiments
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: biological specimens, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 80 · 2112/07
Source: “Prepare and raise biological specimens for scientific study and observation in experiments.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Preparing and rearing specimens for study is hands-on laboratory work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Rehabilitating and releasing animals back into their natural environment
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: animals back, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 75 · 2112/07
Source: “Rehabilitate and release animals back into their natural environment.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Rehabilitating and releasing animals is hands-on care in the field.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 2/4.
Storing specimens in appropriate conditions
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: specimens, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 75 · 2112/07
Source: “Store specimens in appropriate conditions.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Storing specimens correctly is physical handling work.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.
Operating video recorders for visual data collection
staying human
This work happens in the physical world: video recorders, in a real place. Software cannot follow it there.
importance 65 · 2112/07
Source: “Operate video recorders for visual data collection.” (UK task statement)
How this row was scored
Exposure score: 0 out of 100 (0–4 allowing for uncertainty): minimal exposure, high confidence.
Why it sits in this group: the same decision, made over and over; work that happens in the physical world.
The rating behind it: Operating a camera to capture footage means someone holding it where the event is.
The five ratings: output a model can produce 0/4 · needs a body in a room 4/4 · needs an accountable person 0/4 · needs to be trusted in the moment 0/4 · how much data exists 3/4.

What this job pays, and how many people do it

Median pay: £45,400a year, before tax, the middle of the range, so half earn more and half earn less.ashe-t14, 2025 · ASHE 2025 provisional (reference April 2025)Provisional, because the ONS revises this figure in the autumn.
How we know this
Source: ashe-t14
Reference period: ASHE 2025 provisional (reference April 2025)
Rounding: Shown to the nearest £100. The exact published figure is in the downloadable dataset. We do not render pounds the survey cannot support.
People doing this job: 37,800in the UK, 2026.nomis-aps · Apr 2025-Mar 2026 (latest APS 12-month period)This headcount comes from a survey, not a census, so treat it as a good estimate rather than an exact count.

What is deliberately not here: a forecast of how many of these jobs exist in ten years. Where an official projection exists for a market we publish it with its vintage; where it does not, we leave the space empty rather than borrow the other country’s number.

Why this is shifting

The reason is boringly specific. Most of what is shifting here is reading one thing and writing another: animal characteristics, origin, interrelationships, classification, life histories, diseases in, a record out. The rows above are exactly that shape: formulating recommendations based on research findings and studying animal characteristics, origin, interrelationships, classification, life histories, diseases, development, genetics and distribution. What it cannot do is be there in the room, and that is still where samples get done. Which is why this page talks about your tasks changing, not your job ending.

Your move

Over a pint: what I’d tell you if you were my friend

Your week is splitting in two, and which half fills it is the whole question. Formulating recommendations based on research findings is going; collecting samples from animals, plants or products is not.

So, given all that: 20% of this job's task weight sits in rows the software is already learning, 19% in rows that change shape rather than disappear, and 61% in rows it is nowhere near. That is the position, measured across 326 scored tasks. It is not a forecast about you.

The occupation is an average and you are not, so the first job below is finding out where your own week actually sits.

This week: one thing

Print the task ledger above and put your own hours next to each row. Roughly, in pen, in one sitting. Then look at which group your hours actually pile up in. Twenty minutes, this week.

What you end up holding: your own week, on one page, sorted into what is shifting and what is not
How long it takes: about twenty minutes

If printing it isn’t practical: Read the rows off this page and write the same list on the back of an envelope. Same twenty minutes, same page, and it works just as well said out loud to someone who knows the job. The point is your hours next to the rows, not the paper it is on.

Over the next 90 days

Volunteer toward the durable end, visibly. Over the next ninety days put your hand up for the work in the bottom group (collecting samples from animals, plants or products) and let people see you doing it. Not a new project: the same job, with your mix deliberately tilted. The point is that when the rota or the reorganisation comes, the version of you people picture is the one doing the part that stays.

Over the next 12 months

Claim a specialism at the durable end and let the other end go. Over a year, deliberately become the person who handles collecting samples from animals, plants or products, and deliberately stop being the first choice for the rows in the top group. That trade costs something, because the exposed work is often the comfortable work. Decide it on purpose rather than by drift. Before you pay for anything, spend an hour with National Careers Service. It is free and government-funded, and it is listed below with the rest of the free routes.

The roads out of here, and why I am not sending you down them

I looked at the obvious moves out of this job, and here is what I found.

I checked the 12 nearest UK occupations to biological scientists (nearest by the work that AI is not taking, not by job title), and none of them survived. The closest was biochemists and biomedical scientists: only about 5% of its durable work is work you already do. And on the numbers you do not need one. This job scores 34/100 here, with only 20% of the task list in the top band, and “analyse and interpret results from fine needle aspirations and polymerase chain reactions…” is not work that hands over cleanly. None of them beats deepening what you already have.

How that was checked: this job was compared against all 412 UK occupations in this release on their official task statements, and the 12 nearest were examined one by one. A move that turns on an industry, an employer or a qualification rather than on the work itself will not show up in a check like that. And this release carries no licence register, so anything you are weighing needs that looked up separately.

3 moves I checked and rejected

These are the obvious-looking jumps. They are here with their reasons rather than quietly dropped, because the ones that fail are worth knowing about. It is one less thing to turn over at night.

Biochemists and biomedical scientists
Why it looked obvious: It came up as a near neighbour because one of your tasks is on their list in the same words: “perform diagnostic tests involving gel electrophoresis, Southern blot analysis, and polymerase chain reaction analysis”. Across the whole of both lists that adds up to about 5% of the work in that job the software is not taking.
Why I am not recommending it: Almost none of it is work you already do: about 5% of the durable side of that job. That is a different job, not a next step.
Look at that job’s page anyway →
Business associate professionals n.e.c.
Why it looked obvious: It came up as a near neighbour because one of your tasks is on their list in the same words: “organise and oversee trials of new drugs and medicines, ensure quality control and secure approval for…”. Across the whole of both lists that adds up to about 2% of the work in that job the software is not taking.
Why I am not recommending it: Almost none of it is work you already do: about 2% of the durable side of that job. That is a different job, not a next step. It is a pay cut, in those words: £35,209 against your £45,382, 22.4% less (ASHE Table 14.7a, 2025 provisional (both)). Retraining to earn less is a decision, not advice.
Look at that job’s page anyway →
Laboratory technicians
Why it looked obvious: It came up as a near neighbour on the work AI is not taking: you already adapt procedures and tests for specimen analysis in medical laboratories, and their equivalent is to prepare laboratory solutions, cultures, and specimens for analysis. Across both published task lists that is about 1% of the durable work in that job.
Why I am not recommending it: Almost none of it is work you already do: about 1% of the durable side of that job. That is a different job, not a next step. It is a pay cut, in those words: £28,210 against your £45,382, 37.8% less (ASHE Table 14.7a, 2025 provisional (both)). Retraining to earn less is a decision, not advice.
Look at that job’s page anyway →

What I’d stop worrying about

A friend tells you what not to spend fear on. This is that list.

The headline number you read somewhere
The big “X% of jobs” figures are about the whole economy, not about you. The number that describes your job is on this page: 20% of its task weight, across 326 scored tasks. Every row behind it is printed above with the source. Check ours; ignore theirs.
The whole-job doom story
Nothing on this page says this job ends. It says the mix inside it moves. Half the rows above are unchanged or changing shape, and the plan is about which half your week sits in. That is a very different problem, and a solvable one.
Panic-buying a course
Do the twenty-minute sorting exercise first. Most people who buy a course before they have done it buy the wrong one, and the free services listed below will tell you the same thing without charging for it.
The “obvious” next job everyone suggests
I checked the obvious moves and most of them did not survive. The reasons are printed with the routes above, including the pay and the gate. A move that fails on the numbers is worth knowing about so you can stop turning it over at night.

You are reading the United Kingdom figures

The United States splits this work across more than one official group, of which Animal Scientists is the closest. The pay and employment figures are not directly comparable, and we do not average them together.

Switch to the United States page →partial match

The other groups this work is counted across:

In US official statistics this job is counted as Animal Scientists, Food Scientists and Technologists, Soil and Plant Scientists, Biochemists and Biophysicists, Microbiologists, Zoologists and Wildlife Biologists, Biological Scientists, All Other, Foresters, Epidemiologists, Medical Scientists, Except Epidemiologists, Life Scientists, All Other, Agricultural Technicians and Farm and Home Management Educators. Pay is shown separately for each of those groups (medians cannot be averaged together), while the task list and the scores on this page are for this group only.

Your route through this

Where to go next, and what it costs

Free, and complete

The moves above cost nothing. These are the real services that go with them: public, government-funded, and free at the point of use. Nothing on this page is behind an email address or a payment.

In England:
National Careers Service
A free hour with a government-funded careers adviser is worth more than another evening of reading. In England that's the National Careers Service.
Free, government-funded
- Discover your skills and careers (the skills assessment)
In England:
National Careers Service - Find a course
Search what's actually running near you before you spend anything.
Free to search; individual courses vary
In England:
Free courses for jobs (Level 3 qualifications)
A free Level 3 qualification you already qualify for beats a paid course you don't need.
Free for eligible adults
In England:
Skills Bootcamps
Free, up to 16 weeks, and you get a job interview at the end. In England these are Skills Bootcamps - search what's running near you.
Free for eligible adults in England
- Skills Bootcamps - what they are and who can do them (DfE, Skills for Careers)
- Skills Bootcamps - JobHelp (DWP)
In Scotland:
My World of Work (Skills Development Scotland)
In Scotland it's My World of Work, from Skills Development Scotland.
Free, publicly funded
- Skills Development Scotland
In Wales:
Careers Wales
In Wales it's Careers Wales.
Free, Welsh Government-funded
In Northern Ireland:
Careers Service Northern Ireland
In Northern Ireland it's the Careers Service on nidirect.
Free, Department for the Economy-funded

No Space for this job, but one for what is happening to it

Nothing Collab365 runs is built for biological scientists, and we are not going to point you at the nearest one and call it a fit.

There is one that is not about a job title at all. The AI Authority is about being the person who directs these tools at work rather than the person they get compared to. That is worth saying here, because 20% of the work on this page is already inside what they can do.

Try The AI Authority free →

7 days free, no card needed. Explore up to 2 Spaces before you choose a plan: you pick a plan later, not now.

The AI Authority is a general community about working with AI, not a course for biological scientists. You do not need it to act on anything here: the moves above cost nothing and stand on their own. The data on this page is the same either way.

Noted, and thank you. We’ll email you if a Space for biological scientists launches. Nothing else.

That did not look like an email address, so nothing was saved. Have another go below.

We could not save that. The fault is ours, not yours, and your address was not stored. Please try again later.

No Space for biological scientists yet. Should there be one?

Collab365 Spaces is built by the same people as this site. We find the problems that AI and automation are creating inside one kind of work, then solve them as short courses, briefings and Blueprints. Each Space is the community too, so the research and the people doing your job are in the same place.

What a Space actually is, in full

Collab365 launches new communities where the need is real. If one for biological scientists existed, with researched problems, courses and people in the same boat, would you want in?

Your email

We use your email address for one thing: to tell you if a Space for biological scientists launches. We never sell it, never use it for unrelated marketing, and every email has a one-click unsubscribe. Our privacy policy has the full version.

This unlocks nothing. Every figure, every row and every step on this page is already yours, whether you fill this in or not.

No deadline on any of this. The page will still be here, and the data is refreshed on a published schedule rather than when someone wants a headline.

Questions people ask about this job

Will AI replace Biological scientists?: Not as a job, but it is already doing parts of the work. Across the 326 official task statements scored for Biological scientists (United Kingdom, SOC 2112), 20% of the importance-weighted core work is made of tasks today's AI could already do most of. The overall exposure score is 34 out of 100 (range 28–41, band: low). That is a statement about tasks, not about headcount: this measures what AI could do, not whether any employer adopts it, whether the law allows it, or whether doing the routine parts faster creates more demand for the human parts. Figures are from release 2026-q4.1.
Which tasks in “Biological scientists” can AI already do?: The highest-scoring tasks in release 2026-q4.1 are: “Programme and use computers to store, process, and analyse data” (100/100, very high); “Catalogue findings accurately to support agricultural research” (93/100, very high); “Compile reports, charts, or graphs that describe and interpret findings of analyses” (93/100, very high). Each score comes from five published 0–4 ratings turned into a number by a published formula, and each carries the model's one-sentence reason on the page.
Which tasks in “Biological scientists” stay human?: About 61% of this job's task weight sits in work that scores low for AI exposure. The lowest-scoring tasks in release 2026-q4.1 are: “Operate video recorders for visual data collection” (0/100, minimal); “Store specimens in appropriate conditions” (0/100, minimal); “Rehabilitate and release animals back into their natural environment” (0/100, minimal). Low scores usually mean the task needs a body in a room, a legally accountable human, or trust built in real time. Those are the three things the scoring rubric treats as gates rather than obstacles.
What should someone working in “Biological scientists” do about AI?: Start from the ledger rather than the headline: 20% of this job's weighted core work is exposed, and roughly 61% is not. The practical move is to spend more of your week on the tasks that score low, the ones above, and to get fluent at directing AI through the tasks that score high, because those are the parts that change whether or not you are ready for them. This page does not predict your job, and nothing here is career advice tailored to you: the score describes the occupation, not the person.
How is the AI exposure score for Biological scientists calculated?: Each official task statement for the occupation is rated on five published 0–4 dimensions (output replicability, physical embodiment, licensed accountability, real-time human trust, and data availability) by claude-opus-5 using scoring prompt task_scoring_v1.0. The model never writes the score; a published formula turns the five ratings into a 0–100 number, so every score can be recomputed by hand. The occupation figure is the importance-weighted mean across 326 scored tasks. The prompt, the rubric, the formula and the full dataset are published at https://futureproof.collab365.com/method and https://futureproof.collab365.com/data/2026-q4.1 under CC BY 4.0.

Where these numbers come from

About the data on this page

Provisional, because the ONS revises this figure in the autumn.
This headcount comes from a survey, not a census, so treat it as a good estimate rather than an exact count.
One task scored differently between repeat runs, so its range on this page is wider. We would rather show the wobble than hide it.
The match between this job and its counterpart in the other country is partial, so the two pages count slightly different groups of people.
66 of this occupation's scored task statements carry a score that was measured under a different occupation's context, because the statement is shared between jobs and has only been scored once so far. Each one names the occupation it was measured under in the free routes below; none is presented as a measurement for this job.
Task clusters are not derived in this release, so the task-cluster field is empty and no Collab365 Space routing is attached to this occupation yet.

Task statements: gaisi-indexProcessing: catalogue-bridge → ssc-relatedness-weighting → task-scoring → score-aggregation
Task weights: gaisi-index (relatedness)
Scores: Rubric task_scoring_v1.0, model claude-opus-5, computed 2026-08-05.
Pay and employment: ashe-t14 (ASHE 2025 provisional (reference April 2025))nomis-aps (Apr 2025-Mar 2026 (latest APS 12-month period))

Figures on this page come from release 2026-q4.1, published 2026-08-05. Every release keeps its own permanent address, so a figure you cite in March is still there, unchanged, in November.

The plain-English wording on this page is assembled directly from the task statements and the published ratings, not written by hand for this occupation. That is why it is specific, and it is also why we say so.

The routes and free resources further up are today’s, not the release’s (last reviewed 2026-08-05). A route is an offer, not a historical fact, so it moves on its own clock.

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Using these figures?

Cite this

Everything on this site is published under CC BY 4.0. Quote it, chart it, sell something built on it. Just say where it came from, and cite the dated release rather than the site, so the figure you quote stays checkable.

Plain text

Collab365 (2026). Collab365 Futureproof: task-level AI exposure for US and UK occupations, release 2026-q4.1 (methodVersion 2.0.0, promptVersion task_scoring_v1.0). https://futureproof.collab365.com/data/2026-q4.1. Licensed CC BY 4.0. Built with O*NET data (USDOL/ETA, CC BY 4.0); ONS data (Open Government Licence v3.0); GAISI task framework (arXiv:2507.22748, MIT); BLS data (public domain).

BibTeX

@misc{collab365futureproof2026q41,
  title        = {Collab365 Futureproof: task-level AI exposure for US and UK occupations, release 2026-q4.1},
  author       = {{Collab365}},
  year         = {2026},
  url          = {https://futureproof.collab365.com/data/2026-q4.1},
  note         = {Release 2026-q4.1, methodVersion 2.0.0, promptVersion task_scoring_v1.0, CC BY 4.0}
}

Permalink

https://futureproof.collab365.com/data/2026-q4.1

Data as of release 2026-q4.1, published 2026-08-05. Releases never change after publication; when the figures move, a new dated release is published beside this one and this one stays exactly where it is.